Features
• Single 2.7V to 3.6V Supply
RapidS® Serial Interface: 66 MHz Maximum Clock Frequency
– SPI Compatible Modes 0 and 3
User Configurable Page Size
– 256 Bytes per Page
– 264 Bytes per Page
– Page Size Can Be Factory Pre-configured for 256 Bytes
Page Program Operation
– Intelligent Programming Operation
– 1,024 Pages (256/264 Bytes/Page) Main Memory
Flexible Erase Options
– Page Erase (256 Bytes)
– Block Erase (2 Kbytes)
– Sector Erase (32 Kbytes)
– Chip Erase (2 Mbits)
One SRAM Data Buffer (256/264 Bytes)
Continuous Read Capability through Entire Array
– Ideal for Code Shadowing Applications
Low-power Dissipation
– 7 mA Active Read Current Typical
– 25 µA Standby Current Typical
– 5 µA Deep Power-down Typical
Hardware and Software Data Protection Features
– Individual Sector
Sector Lockdown for Secure Code and Data Storage
– Individual Sector
Security: 128-byte Security Register
– 64-byte User Programmable Space
– Unique 64-byte Device Identifier
JEDEC Standard Manufacturer and Device ID Read
100,000 Program/Erase Cycles Per Page Minimum
Data Retention – 20 Years
Industrial Temperature Range
Green (Pb/Halide-free/RoHS Compliant) Packaging Options
2-megabit
2.7-volt
Minimum
DataFlash®
AT45DB021D
1. Description
The AT45DB021D is a 2.7V, serial-interface Flash memory ideally suited for a wide
variety of digital voice-, image-, program code- and data-storage applications. The
AT45DB021D supports RapidS serial interface for applications requiring very high
speed operations. RapidS serial interface is SPI compatible for frequencies up to 66
MHz. Its 2,162,688 bits of memory are organized as 1,024 pages of 256 bytes or 264
bytes each. In addition to the main memory, the AT45DB021D also contains one
SRAM buffer of 256/264 bytes. EEPROM emulation (bit or byte alterability) is easily
handled with a self-contained three step read-modify-write operation. Unlike conven-
tional Flash memories that are accessed randomly with multiple address lines and a
parallel interface, the DataFlash® uses a RapidS serial interface to sequentially
access its data. The simple sequential access dramatically reduces active pin count,
facilitates hardware layout, increases system reliability, minimizes switching noise,
and reduces package size.
3638F–DFLASH–4/08
The device is optimized for use in many commercial and industrial applications where high-den-
sity, low-pin count, low-voltage and low-power are essential.
To allow for simple in-system reprogrammability, the AT45DB021D does not require high input
voltages for programming. The device operates from a single power supply, 2.7V to 3.6V, for
both the program and read operations. The AT45DB021D is enabled through the chip select pin
(CS) and accessed via a three-wire interface consisting of the Serial Input (SI), Serial Output
(SO), and the Serial Clock (SCK).
All programming and erase cycles are self-timed.
2. Pin Configurations and Pinouts
Table 2-1.
Pin Configurations
Symbol
Name and Function
CS
SCK
SI
SO
WP
RESET
Chip Select: Asserting the CS pin selects the device. When the CS pin is deasserted, the device will be deselected
and normally be placed in the standby mode (not Deep Power-Down mode), and the output pin (SO) will be in a
high-impedance state. When the device is deselected, data will not be accepted on the input pin (SI).
A high-to-low transition on the CS pin is required to start an operation, and a low-to-high transition is required to
end an operation. When ending an internally self-timed operation such as a program or erase cycle, the device
will not enter the standby mode until the completion of the operation.
Serial Clock: This pin is used to provide a clock to the device and is used to control the flow of data to and from
the device. Command, address, and input data present on the SI pin is always latched on the rising edge of SCK,
while output data on the SO pin is always clocked out on the falling edge of SCK.
Serial Input: The SI pin is used to shift data into the device. The SI pin is used for all data input including
command and address sequences. Data on the SI pin is always latched on the rising edge of SCK.
Serial Output: The SO pin is used to shift data out from the device. Data on the SO pin is always clocked out on
the falling edge of SCK.
Write Protect: When the WP pin is asserted, all sectors specified for protection by the Sector Protection Register will
be protected against program and erase operations regardless of whether the Enable Sector Protection command
has been issued or not. The WP pin functions independently of the software controlled protection method. After the
WP pin goes low, the content of the Sector Protection Register cannot be modified.
If a program or erase command is issued to the device while the WP pin is asserted, the device will simply ignore
the command and perform no operation. The device will return to the idle state once the CS pin has been
deasserted. The Enable Sector Protection command and Sector Lockdown command, however, will be
recognized by the device when the WP pin is asserted.
The WP pin is internally pulled-high and may be left floating if hardware controlled protection will not be used.
However, it is recommended that the WP pin also be externally connected to VCC whenever possible.
Reset: A low state on the reset pin (RESET) will terminate the operation in progress and reset the internal state
machine to an idle state. The device will remain in the reset condition as long as a low level is present on the RESET
pin. Normal operation can resume once the RESET pin is brought back to a high level.
The device incorporates an internal power-on reset circuit, so there are no restrictions on the RESET pin during
power-on sequences. If this pin and feature are not utilized it is recommended that the RESET pin be driven high
externally.
VCC
GND
Device Power Supply: The VCC pin is used to supply the source voltage to the device.
Operations at invalid VCC voltages may produce spurious results and should not be attempted.
Ground: The ground reference for the power supply. GND should be connected to the system ground.
2
AT45DB021D
Asserted
State
Type
Low
Input
–
–
–
Input
Input
Output
Low
Input
Low
Input
–
–
Power
Ground
3638F–DFLASH–4/08
AT45DB021D
Figure 2-1.
SOIC Top View
Figure 2-2. UDFN Top View(1)
SI
SCK
RESET
CS
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
SO
GND
VCC
WP
SI
SCK
RESET
CS
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
SO
GND
VCC
WP
Note:
1. The metal pad on the bottom of the UDFN package is floating. This pad can be a “No Connect” or connected to GND.
3. Block Diagram
WP
FLASH MEMORY ARRAY
PAGE (256/264 BYTES)
BUFFER (256/264 BYTES)
SCK
CS
RESET
VCC
GND
I/O INTERFACE
SI
SO
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3
4. Memory Array
To provide optimal flexibility, the memory array of the AT45DB021D is divided into three levels of
granularity comprising of sectors, blocks, and pages. The “Memory Architecture Diagram” illus-
trates the breakdown of each level and details the number of pages per sector and block. All
program operations to the DataFlash occur on a page-by-page basis. The erase operations can
be performed at the chip, sector, block or page level.
Figure 4-1. Memory Architecture Diagram
SECTOR ARCHITECTURE
BLOCK ARCHITECTURE
PAGE ARCHITECTURE
SECTOR 0a = 8 Pages
2,048/2,112 bytes
SECTOR 0b = 120 Pages
31,744/32,726 bytes
SECTOR 1 = 128 Pages
32,768/33,792 bytes
SECTOR 6 = 128 Pages
32,768/33,792 bytes
SECTOR 7 = 128 Pages
32,768/33,792 bytes
SECTOR 0a
b
0
R
O
T
C
E
S
1
R
O
T
C
E
S
BLOCK 0
BLOCK 1
BLOCK 2
BLOCK 14
BLOCK 15
BLOCK 16
BLOCK 17
BLOCK 30
BLOCK 31
BLOCK 32
BLOCK 33
8 Pages
0
K
C
O
L
B
1
K
C
O
L
B
PAGE 0
PAGE 1
PAGE 6
PAGE 7
PAGE 8
PAGE 9
PAGE 14
PAGE 15
PAGE 16
PAGE 17
PAGE 18
BLOCK 126
BLOCK 127
Block = 1,024/1,056 bytes
PAGE 1,022
PAGE 1,023
Page = 256/264 bytes
5. Device Operation
The device operation is controlled by instructions from the host processor. The list of instructions
and their associated opcodes are contained in Tables 15-1 through 15-7. A valid instruction
starts with the falling edge of CS followed by the appropriate 8-bit opcode and the desired buffer
or main memory address location. While the CS pin is low, toggling the SCK pin controls the
loading of the opcode and the desired buffer or main memory address location through the SI
(serial input) pin. All instructions, addresses, and data are transferred with the most significant
bit (MSB) first.
Buffer addressing for the DataFlash standard page size (264 bytes) is referenced in the
datasheet using the terminology BFA8 - BFA0 to denote the 9 address bits required to designate
a byte address within a buffer. Main memory addressing is referenced using the terminology
PA9 - PA0 and BA8 - BA0, where PA9 - PA0 denotes the 10 address bits required to designate
a page address and BA8 - BA0 denotes the 9 address bits required to designate a byte address
within the page.
For the “Power of 2” binary page size (256 bytes), the Buffer addressing is referenced in the
datasheet using the conventional terminology BFA7 - BFA0 to denote the 8 address bits
required to designate a byte address within a buffer. Main memory addressing is referenced
using the terminology A17 - A0, where A17 - A8 denotes the 10 address bits required to desig-
nate a page address and A7 - A0 denotes the 8 address bits required to designate a byte
address within a page.
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AT45DB021D
3638F–DFLASH–4/08
AT45DB021D
6. Read Commands
By specifying the appropriate opcode, data can be read from the main memory or from the
SRAM data buffer. The DataFlash supports RapidS protocols for Mode 0 and Mode 3. Please
refer to the “Detailed Bit-level Read Timing” diagrams in this datasheet for details on the clock
cycle sequences for each mode.
6.1
Continuous Array Read (Legacy Command – E8H): Up to 66 MHz
By supplying an initial starting address for the main memory array, the Continuous Array Read
command can be utilized to sequentially read a continuous stream of data from the device by
simply providing a clock signal; no additional addressing information or control signals need to
be provided. The DataFlash incorporates an internal address counter that will automatically
increment on every clock cycle, allowing one continuous read operation without the need of
additional address sequences. To perform a continuous read from the DataFlash standard page
size (264 bytes), an opcode of E8H must be clocked into the device followed by three address
bytes (which comprise the 24-bit page and byte address sequence) and 4 don’t care bytes. The
first 10 bits (PA9 - PA0) of the 19-bit address sequence specify which page of the main memory
array to read, and the last 9 bits (BA8 - BA0) of the 19-bit address sequence specify the starting
byte address within the page. To perform a continuous read from the binary page size (256
bytes), the opcode (E8H) must be clocked into the device followed by three address bytes and 4
don’t care bytes. The first 10 bits (A17 - A8) of the 18-bits sequence specify which page of the
main memory array to read, and the last 8 bits (A7 - A0) of the 18-bits address sequence specify
the starting byte address within the page. The don’t care bytes that follow the address bytes are
needed to initialize the read operation. Following the don’t care bytes, additional clock pulses on
the SCK pin will result in data being output on the SO (serial output) pin.
The CS pin must remain low during the loading of the opcode, the address bytes, the don’t care
bytes, and the reading of data. When the end of a page in main memory is reached during a
Continuous Array Read, the device will continue reading at the beginning of the next page with
no delays incurred during the page boundary crossover (the crossover from the end of one page
to the beginning of the next page). When the last bit in the main memory array has been read,
the device will continue reading back at the beginning of the first page of memory. As with cross-
ing over page boundaries, no delays will be incurred when wrapping around from the end of the
array to the beginning of the array.
A low-to-high transition on the CS pin will terminate the read operation and tri-state the output
pin (SO). The maximum SCK frequency allowable for the Continuous Array Read is defined by
the fCAR1 specification. The Continuous Array Read bypasses the data buffer and leaves the
contents of the buffer unchanged.
6.2
Continuous Array Read (High Frequency Mode – 0BH): Up to 66 MHz
This command can be used with the serial interface to read the main memory array sequentially
in high speed mode for any clock frequency up to the maximum specified by fCAR1. To perform a
continuous read array with the page size set to 264 bytes, the CS must first be asserted then an
opcode 0BH must be clocked into the device followed by three address bytes and a dummy
byte. The first 10 bits (PA9 - PA0) of the 19-bit address sequence specify which page of the
main memory array to read, and the last 9 bits (BA8 - BA0) of the 19-bit address sequence spec-
ify the starting byte address within the page. To perform a continuous read with the page size
set to 256 bytes, the opcode, 0BH, must be clocked into the device followed by three address
bytes (A17 - A0) and a dummy byte. Following the dummy byte, additional clock pulses on the
SCK pin will result in data being output on the SO (serial output) pin.
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5
The CS pin must remain low during the loading of the opcode, the address bytes, and the read-
ing of data. When the end of a page in the main memory is reached during a Continuous Array
Read, the device will continue reading at the beginning of the next page with no delays incurred
during the page boundary crossover (the crossover from the end of one page to the beginning of
the next page). When the last bit in the main memory array has been read, the device will con-
tinue reading back at the beginning of the first page of memory. As with crossing over page
boundaries, no delays will be incurred when wrapping around from the end of the array to the
beginning of the array. A low-to-high transition on the CS pin will terminate the read operation
and tri-state the output pin (SO). The maximum SCK frequency allowable for the Continuous
Array Read is defined by the fCAR1 specification. The Continuous Array Read bypasses the data
buffer and leaves the contents of the buffer unchanged.
6.3
Continuous Array Read (Low Frequency Mode: 03H): Up to 33 MHz
This command can be used with the serial interface to read the main memory array sequentially
without a dummy byte up to maximum frequencies specified by fCAR2. To perform a continuous
read array with the page size set to 264 bytes, the CS must first be asserted then an opcode,
03H, must be clocked into the device followed by three address bytes (which comprise the 24-bit
page and byte address sequence). The first 10 bits (PA9 - PA0) of the 19-bit address sequence
specify which page of the main memory array to read, and the last 9 bits (BA8 - BA0) of the
19-bit address sequence specify the starting byte address within the page. To perform a contin-
uous read with the page size set to 256 bytes, the opcode, 03H, must be clocked into the device
followed by three address bytes (A17 - A0). Following the address bytes, additional clock pulses
on the SCK pin will result in data being output on the SO (serial output) pin.
The CS pin must remain low during the loading of the opcode, the address bytes, and the read-
ing of data. When the end of a page in the main memory is reached during a Continuous Array
Read, the device will continue reading at the beginning of the next page with no delays incurred
during the page boundary crossover (the crossover from the end of one page to the beginning of
the next page). When the last bit in the main memory array has been read, the device will con-
tinue reading back at the beginning of the first page of memory. As with crossing over page
boundaries, no delays will be incurred when wrapping around from the end of the array to the
beginning of the array. A low-to-high transition on the CS pin will terminate the read operation
and tri-state the output pin (SO). The Continuous Array Read bypasses the data buffer and
leaves the contents of the buffer unchanged.
6.4 Main Memory Page Read
A main memory page read allows the user to read data directly from any one of the 2,048 pages
in the main memory, bypassing the data buffer and leaving the contents of the buffer
unchanged. To start a page read from the DataFlash standard page size (264 bytes), an opcode
of D2H must be clocked into the device followed by three address bytes (which comprise the
24-bit page and byte address sequence) and 4 don’t care bytes. The first 10 bits (PA9 - PA0) of
the 19-bit address sequence specify the page in main memory to be read, and the last 9 bits
(BA8 - BA0) of the 19-bit address sequence specify the starting byte address within that page.
To start a page read from the binary page size (256 bytes), the opcode D2H must be
clocked into the device followed by three address bytes and 4 don’t care bytes. The first 10 bits
(A17 - A8) of the 18-bit sequence specify which page of the main memory array to read, and the
last 8 bits (A7 - A0) of the 18-bit address sequence specify the starting byte address within the
page. The don’t care bytes that follow the address bytes are sent to initialize the read operation.
Following the don’t care bytes, additional pulses on SCK result in data being output on the SO
(serial output) pin. The CS pin must remain low during the loading of the opcode, the address
bytes, the don’t care bytes, and the reading of data. When the end of a page in main memory is
6
AT45DB021D
3638F–DFLASH–4/08
6.5
Buffer Read
AT45DB021D
reached, the device will continue reading back at the beginning of the same page. A low-to-high
transition on the CS pin will terminate the read operation and tri-state the output pin (SO). The
maximum SCK frequency allowable for the Main Memory Page Read is defined by the fSCK
specification. The Main Memory Page Read bypasses the data buffer and leaves the contents of
the buffer unchanged.
The SRAM data buffer can be accessed independently from the main memory array, and utiliz-
ing the Buffer Read Command allows data to be sequentially read directly from the buffer. Two
opcodes, D4H or D1H, can be used for the Buffer Read Command. The use of each opcode
depends on the maximum SCK frequency that will be used to read data from the buffer. The
D4H opcode can be used at any SCK frequency up to the maximum specified by fCAR1. The D1H
opcode can be used for lower frequency read operations up to the maximum specified by fCAR2.
To perform a buffer read from the DataFlash standard buffer (264 bytes), the opcode must be
clocked into the device followed by three address bytes comprised of 15 don’t care bits and
9 buffer address bits (BFA8 - BFA0). To perform a buffer read from the binary buffer (256 bytes),
the opcode must be clocked into the device followed by three address bytes comprised of
16 don’t care bits and 8 buffer address bits (BFA7 - BFA0). Following the address bytes, one
don’t care byte must be clocked in to initialize the read operation. The CS pin must remain low
during the loading of the opcode, the address bytes, the don’t care bytes, and the reading of
data. When the end of a buffer is reached, the device will continue reading back at the beginning
of the buffer. A low-to-high transition on the CS pin will terminate the read operation and tri-state
the output pin (SO).
7. Program and Erase Commands
7.1
Buffer Write
Data can be clocked in from the input pin (SI) into the buffer. To load data into the DataFlash
standard buffer (264 bytes), a 1-byte opcode, 84H, must be clocked into the device followed by
three address bytes comprised of 15 don’t care bits and 9 buffer address bits (BFA8 - BFA0).
The 9 buffer address bits specify the first byte in the buffer to be written. To load data into the
binary buffers (256 bytes each), a 1-byte opcode, 84H, must be clocked into the device followed
by three address bytes comprised of 16 don’t care bits and 8 buffer address bits (BFA7 - BFA0).
The 8 buffer address bits specify the first byte in the buffer to be written. After the last address
byte has been clocked into the device, data can then be clocked in on subsequent clock cycles.
If the end of the data buffer is reached, the device will wrap around back to the beginning of the
buffer. Data will continue to be loaded into the buffer until a low-to-high transition is detected on
the CS pin.
7.2
Buffer to Main Memory Page Program with Built-in Erase
Data written into the buffer can be programmed into the main memory. A 1-byte opcode, 83H,
must be clocked into the device. For the DataFlash standard page size (264 bytes), the opcode
must be followed by three address bytes consist of 5 don’t care bits, 10 page address bits
(PA9 - PA0) that specify the page in the main memory to be written and 9 don’t care bits. To per-
form a buffer to main memory page program with built-in erase for the binary page size (256
bytes), the opcode 83H must be clocked into the device followed by three address bytes consist-
ing of 6 don’t care bits, 10 page address bits (A17 - A8) that specify the page in the main
memory to be written and 8 don’t care bits. When a low-to-high transition occurs on the CS pin,
3638F–DFLASH–4/08
7
the part will first erase the selected page in main memory (the erased state is a logic 1) and then
program the data stored in the buffer into the specified page in main memory. Both the erase
and the programming of the page are internally self-timed and should take place in a maximum
time of tEP. During this time, the status register will indicate that the part is busy.
7.3
Buffer to Main Memory Page Program without Built-in Erase
7.4
Page Erase
7.5
Block Erase
A previously-erased page within main memory can be programmed with the contents of the
buffer. A 1-byte opcode, 88H, must be clocked into the device. For the DataFlash standard page
size (264 bytes), the opcode must be followed by three address bytes consist of 5 don’t care
bits, 10 page address bits (PA9 - PA0) that specify the page in the main memory to be written
and 9 don’t care bits. To perform a buffer to main memory page program without built-in erase
for the binary page size (256 bytes), the opcode 88H must be clocked into the device followed
by three address bytes consisting of 6 don’t care bits, 10 page address bits (A17 - A8) that spec-
ify the page in the main memory to be written and 8 don’t care bits. When a low-to-high transition
occurs on the CS pin, the part will program the data stored in the buffer into the specified page in
the main memory. It is necessary that the page in main memory that is being programmed has
been previously erased using one of the erase commands (Page Erase or Block Erase). The
programming of the page is internally self-timed and should take place in a maximum time of tP.
During this time, the status register will indicate that the part is busy.
The Page Erase command can be used to individually erase any page in the main memory array
allowing the Buffer to Main Memory Page Program to be utilized at a later time. To perform a
page erase in the DataFlash standard page size (264 bytes), an opcode of 81H must be loaded
into the device, followed by three address bytes comprised of 5 don’t care bits, 10 page address
bits (PA9 - PA0) that specify the page in the main memory to be erased and 9 don’t care bits. To
perform a page erase in the binary page size (256 bytes), the opcode 81H must be loaded into
the device, followed by three address bytes consist of 6 don’t care bits, 10 page address bits
(A17 - A8) that specify the page in the main memory to be erased and 8 don’t care bits. When a
low-to-high transition occurs on the CS pin, the part will erase the selected page (the erased
state is a logical 1). The erase operation is internally self-timed and should take place in a maxi-
mum time of tPE. During this time, the status register will indicate that the part is busy.
A block of eight pages can be erased at one time. This command is useful when large amounts
of data has to be written into the device. This will avoid using multiple Page Erase Commands.
To perform a block erase for the DataFlash standard page size (264 bytes), an opcode of 50H
must be loaded into the device, followed by three address bytes comprised of 5 don’t care bits,
7 page address bits (PA9 -PA3) and 12 don’t care bits. The 7 page address bits are used to
specify which block of eight pages is to be erased. To perform a block erase for the binary page
size (256 bytes), the opcode 50H must be loaded into the device, followed by three address
bytes consisting of 6 don’t care bits, 7 page address bits (A17 - A11) and 11 don’t care bits. The
9 page address bits are used to specify which block of eight pages is to be erased. When a low-
to-high transition occurs on the CS pin, the part will erase the selected block of eight pages. The
erase operation is internally self-timed and should take place in a maximum time of tBE. During
this time, the status register will indicate that the part is busy.
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