RAiO
RA8875
文字/图形
TFT LCD 控制器
规格书
Version 1.5
June 18, 2013
RAiO Technology Inc.
©Copyright RAiO Technology Inc. 2011, 2012, 2013
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 1/191 www.raio.com.tw
Version 1.5 文字 / 图形 TFT LCD 控制器
RA8875
版 本
日 期
改 版 说 明
说 明
August 01, 2011
Preliminary Version
October 04, 2011
1. Modify Figure 7-80、Figure 7-81
1.0
November 18, 2011
1. Modify Section 7-4-2
2. Modify Table 8-2
November 29, 2011
1. Add Figure 7-82
2. Modify Figure 6-41
1.1
January 10, 2012
1. Modify Section 7-6 BTE Function
(Parallel MCU interface only)
February 09, 2012
1. Add Appendix A
February 22, 2012
1. Modify REG[21h]
March 16, 2012
1. Modify Section 4-8 : pin description of OSC_VDD
1. Modify Section 6-1-2 : Serial I/F Protocol
2. Add Note of REG[94h], REG[98h], Figure 7-29, Figure 7-30
May 15, 2012
1. Modify Section 5-2 : the Bit1 of REG[01h]
2. Modify Table 7-8
March 27, 2013
1. Modify Section 4-1 : pin description of PS
2. Modify Section 5-2 : REG[01h] 、REG[16h]
3. Add Section 6-1-2-3 :SPI Sleep/Wake Up
May 3, 2013
1. Modify Section 6-1-2-1 : 3-Wire SPI Interface
2. Modify Section 6-1-2-2 : 4-Wire SPI Interface
June 18, 2013
1. Modify Figure 6-12、Figure 6-18
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 2/191 www.raio.com.tw
Version 1.5 文字 / 图形 TFT LCD 控制器
RA8875
Page
Contents
Chapter
1. 简介 ............................................................................................................ 7
2. 特性 ............................................................................................................ 7
3. 方块图......................................................................................................... 8
3-1 内部方块图 ........................................................................................................... 8
3-2 系统方块图 ........................................................................................................... 8
4. 脚位定义..................................................................................................... 9
4-1 MCU 界面 ............................................................................................................. 9
4-2 串行式MCU界面 ................................................................................................. 10
4-3 LCD面板界面...................................................................................................... 11
4-4 串行式Flash/ROM 接口...................................................................................... 11
4-5 触控界面 ............................................................................................................. 12
4-6 键盘接口 ............................................................................................................. 12
4-7 脉宽调制界面...................................................................................................... 12
4-8 频率与电源界面 .................................................................................................. 13
5. 寄存器....................................................................................................... 14
5-1 状态寄存器 ......................................................................................................... 15
5-2 系统与组态寄存器............................................................................................... 16
5-3 LCD 显示模式..................................................................................................... 21
5-4 工作窗口及卷动窗口设定.................................................................................... 27
5-5 光标设定 ............................................................................................................. 30
5-6 BTE 引擎 ............................................................................................................ 34
5-7 触控面板 ............................................................................................................. 41
5-8 图形光标 ............................................................................................................. 43
5-9 PLL设定 ............................................................................................................. 44
5-10 脉波宽度调变 (PWM).......................................................................................... 46
5-11 绘图控制寄存器 .................................................................................................. 49
5-12 直接内存存取 (DMA) 寄存器............................................................................... 55
5-13 键盘扫描与 IO控制寄存器................................................................................... 58
5-14 浮动窗口控制寄存器 ........................................................................................... 60
5-15 串行式Flash控制寄存器 ..................................................................................... 62
5-16 中断控制 ............................................................................................................. 63
6. 硬件接口................................................................................................... 66
6-1 MCU 界面 ........................................................................................................... 66
6-1-1 MCU传输协议........................................................................................................................67
6-1-1-1 并列式接口的传输协议................................................................................................67
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 3/191 www.raio.com.tw
Version 1.5 文字 / 图形 TFT LCD 控制器
RA8875
6-1-2 串行式接口的协议..................................................................................................................70
6-1-2-1 3-Wire SPI 界面 ..........................................................................................................70
6-1-2-2 4-Wire SPI 界面 ..........................................................................................................73
6-1-2-3 SPI 睡眠 / 喚醒............................................................................................................77
6-1-2-4
IIC 界面 .......................................................................................................................78
6-1-3 状态读取寄存器 .....................................................................................................................80
6-1-4 指令写入寄存器 .....................................................................................................................81
6-1-5 内存读取/写入的操作 .............................................................................................................82
6-1-6 中断与等待.............................................................................................................................83
6-1-6-1 中断.............................................................................................................................83
6-1-6-2 等待.............................................................................................................................84
6-1-7 数据总线与TFT的RGB数据格式............................................................................................85
6-1-7-1 16 位数据总线 .............................................................................................................85
6-1-7-2 8 位数据总线 ...............................................................................................................85
6-2 驱动接口的色彩设定模式.................................................................................... 86
6-3 LCD 界面............................................................................................................ 87
6-4 外部串行式Flash/ROM....................................................................................... 89
6-4-1 外部串行式字体内存 ..............................................................................................................92
6-4-2 外部串行式数据存储器 ..........................................................................................................93
6-5 触控界面 ............................................................................................................. 94
6-6 键盘扫描功能...................................................................................................... 96
6-7 脉宽调变界面...................................................................................................... 96
6-8 频率 (Clock) 与 PLL........................................................................................... 97
6-9 复位功能 ............................................................................................................. 99
6-10 电源 .................................................................................................................. 101
6-10-1 电源脚位说明.......................................................................................................................101
6-10-2 电源结构 ..............................................................................................................................101
7. 功能描述................................................................................................. 102
7-1 卷动功能 ........................................................................................................... 102
7-1-1 卷动窗口与卷动偏移值 ........................................................................................................102
7-1-2 水平卷动与垂直卷动 ............................................................................................................102
7-1-3 图层混合卷动.......................................................................................................................103
7-1-3-1 图层 1 与图层 2 同时卷动..........................................................................................104
7-1-3-2 只卷动图层 1.............................................................................................................104
7-1-3-3 只卷动图层 2.............................................................................................................105
7-1-3-4 缓冲卷动 ...................................................................................................................106
7-2 工作窗口 ........................................................................................................... 107
7-2-1 工作窗口的文字写入 ............................................................................................................107
7-2-2 工作窗口的几何图形显示.....................................................................................................108
7-2-3 工作窗口中的DMA功能显示 ................................................................................................108
7-2-4 工作窗口的内存写入 ............................................................................................................108
7-3 光标与图形显示 ................................................................................................ 109
7-3-1 游标种类 ..............................................................................................................................109
7-3-1-1 图形光标 ...................................................................................................................109
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 4/191 www.raio.com.tw
Version 1.5 文字 / 图形 TFT LCD 控制器
RA8875
7-3-1-2 内存读取光标 ............................................................................................................111
7-3-1-3 内存写入光标 ............................................................................................................111
7-3-1-4 文字写入光标 ............................................................................................................112
7-3-2 光标属性 ..............................................................................................................................112
7-3-2-1 游标闪烁 ...................................................................................................................112
7-3-2-2 游标的高度与宽度.....................................................................................................113
7-3-3 图形显示 ..............................................................................................................................115
7-4 文字 .................................................................................................................. 116
7-4-1 内部文字内存.......................................................................................................................116
7-4-2 外部 Font ROM ...................................................................................................................121
7-4-3 CGRAM (Character Generation RAM 自建字库功能) ......................................................122
7-4-4 文字 90 度转向.....................................................................................................................124
7-4-5 文字放大与通透功能 ............................................................................................................124
7-4-6 文字换行 ..............................................................................................................................125
7-4-7 文字全型对齐.......................................................................................................................125
7-5 几何图案绘图引擎............................................................................................. 126
7-5-1 圆形输入 ..............................................................................................................................126
7-5-2 椭圆输入 ..............................................................................................................................127
7-5-3 曲线输入 ..............................................................................................................................128
7-5-4 方形输入 ..............................................................................................................................129
7-5-5 直线输入 ..............................................................................................................................130
7-5-6 三角形输入...........................................................................................................................131
7-5-7 圆角方形输入.......................................................................................................................132
7-6 BTE 引擎功能 (仅支援并列式MCU接口)........................................................... 133
7-6-1 选择BTE起始点位置及图层 .................................................................................................136
7-6-2 BTE 操作说明 ......................................................................................................................136
7-6-2-1 BTE写入....................................................................................................................136
7-6-2-2 BTE读取....................................................................................................................136
7-6-2-3 BTE移动....................................................................................................................136
7-6-2-4 单色填满 ...................................................................................................................136
7-6-2-5 图案填满 ...................................................................................................................136
7-6-2-6 BTE通透填满 ............................................................................................................136
7-6-2-7 BTE通透写入 ............................................................................................................137
7-6-2-8 BTE通透移动 ............................................................................................................137
7-6-2-9 颜色扩充 ...................................................................................................................137
7-6-2-10 颜色移动 ...................................................................................................................137
7-6-3 BTE内存存取方式................................................................................................................138
7-6-3-1 区块内存读取 ............................................................................................................138
7-6-3-2 线性内存读取 ............................................................................................................138
7-6-4 BTE 功能说明 ......................................................................................................................139
7-6-4-1 BTE写入搭配光栅运算功能.......................................................................................139
7-6-4-2 BTE读取功能 ............................................................................................................141
7-6-4-3 BTE正向移动搭配光栅运算功能 ...............................................................................142
7-6-4-4 BTE反向移动搭配光栅运算功能 ...............................................................................144
7-6-4-5 BTE通透性写入功能..................................................................................................146
7-6-4-6 BTE正向通透性移动功能 ..........................................................................................148
7-6-4-7 图形显示填入搭配光栅运算功能 ...............................................................................149
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 5/191 www.raio.com.tw
Version 1.5 文字 / 图形 TFT LCD 控制器
RA8875
7-6-4-8 通透性图形显示填入功能 ..........................................................................................151
7-6-4-9 颜色扩充功能 ............................................................................................................153
7-6-4-10 通透性颜色扩充功能 .................................................................................................156
7-6-4-11 BTE移动搭配颜色扩充功能.......................................................................................158
7-6-4-12 通透性BTE移动功能搭配颜色扩充............................................................................160
7-6-4-13 单色填满功能 ............................................................................................................161
7-7 图层混合功能.................................................................................................... 162
7-7-1 显示图层一...........................................................................................................................163
7-7-2 显示图层二...........................................................................................................................164
7-7-3 渐入渐出模式.......................................................................................................................165
7-7-4 通透模式 ..............................................................................................................................166
7-7-5 布尔运算OR.........................................................................................................................166
7-7-6 布尔运算AND ......................................................................................................................166
7-7-7 浮动窗口 ..............................................................................................................................167
7-8 触控面板功能.................................................................................................... 168
7-8-1 触控面板操作模式................................................................................................................169
7-8-1-1 自动模式 ...................................................................................................................169
7-8-1-2 手动模式 ...................................................................................................................170
7-8-2 触控事件侦测模式................................................................................................................171
7-8-2-1 外部中断模式 ............................................................................................................171
7-8-2-2 软件轮询模式 ............................................................................................................171
7-8-3 触控扫描与取样时间 ............................................................................................................172
7-9 键盘 .................................................................................................................. 173
7-10 内存直接存取功能............................................................................................. 177
7-10-1 连续内存直接存取模式 ........................................................................................................177
7-10-2 区块数据存储器直接存取模式 .............................................................................................179
7-11 脉宽调变 ........................................................................................................... 180
7-12 睡眠模式 ........................................................................................................... 182
8. AC/DC 特性............................................................................................ 184
8-1 最大范围限制.................................................................................................... 184
8-2 DC 电气特性..................................................................................................... 185
9. 产品封装................................................................................................. 186
9-1 封装脚位图 ....................................................................................................... 186
9-2 封装尺寸 ........................................................................................................... 187
9-3 产品编号 ........................................................................................................... 187
Appendix A. RA8875 支持的集通字型列表............................................. 188
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 6/191 www.raio.com.tw
Version 1.5 文字 / 图形 TFT LCD 控制器
RA8875
1. 简介
RA8875 是一个文字与绘图模式的双图层液晶显示 (TFT-LCD) 控制器,可结合文字或2D图形应用,最大
可支持到800*480 点分辨率的中小尺寸数字面板。内建 768KB 显示内存可提供大多数使用者的应用一个
更弹性的解决方案。此外,使用者可藉由选用外部串行式Flash 接口,支持BIG5/GB 编码,可提供最大达
32*32 像素之的字型输入。在图形的使用上,RA8875 支持2D 的BTE 引擎 (Block Transfer Engine),此
功能兼容于一般通用的2D BitBLT 功能,可处理大量图形数据转换与传送。同时RA8875 也内建几何图形
加速引擎 (Geometric Speed-up Engine),提供使用者透过简单的设定轻松画出直线、矩形、圆形和椭圆
的几何图形。为了贴近终端始用者的应用,RA8875 整合了强大的功能,如画面卷动功能、显示浮动窗
口、图形Pattern 及文字放大等功能,可大量节省使用者软件开发的时间,并提升MCU软件的执行效率。
RA8875 提供低成本的 8080/6800 并列式MCU 接口,由于内建强大的硬件加速功能,可降低数据传输所
需的时间并且改善效率。RA8875提供串行式 SPI/I2C 等极少量脚位的界面,内建 4-wire 的触控面板控制
器,以及2组脉波宽度调变 (PWM) ,可用于调整面板背光或其它应用。相对于其它的解决方案,RA8875
是一个功能强大及低成本的彩色TFT 控制器,让使用者顺利解决软硬件开发上的疑虑,同时达成低成本、
高效能的系统方案。
2. 特性
支持文字/绘图两种混合显示模式
内建 DDRAM 内存容量 : 768KB
色彩深度 : 256/65K 色
支持 8/16 bpp 数字屏 RGB TFT 接口
支援 TFT 面板大小 :
800x480 Pixels 2 Layers @ 256 Colors.
800x480 Pixels 1 Layer @ 64K Colors.
480x272 Pixels 2 Layers @ 64K Colors.
支持 MCU 接口 :
内建 2D Block Transfer Engine (BTE) 功能,兼
容于 2D BitBLT 功能
内建几何图形加速绘图引擎
提供可调整大小的文字写入光标功能
提供 32x32 像素 的图形光标功能
支持 256 个使用者自订 8x16 字符符号
支持 16 个使用者自建 8x8 像素图形 Pattern,或
4 个使用者自建 16x16 像素图形 Pattern
内建 2 组脉冲宽度调制(PWM),提供 LCD 背光
8-bit 或 16-bit 的 8080/6800 系列数据总线接
调节或其它用途
口
I2C or 3 或 4-线式 SPI 界面
支持强大的水平和垂直区块卷动
内建 10KB 字型 ROM (8x16 Dots) 及支持标
准 ISO/IEC 8859-1/2/3/4 编码
支持外部串行式 Flash/ROM SPI 接口
支持集通公司 UNICODE/BIG5/GB 系列字库
(字号:16x16/24x24/32X32 Dots)
支持 1 倍到 4 倍字型放大 (垂直和水平)
支持文字垂直旋转模式功能
内建 4 线式触控面板控制器
提供低耗电的睡眠模式
内建智能型 4x5 键盘控制器.
提供 4 个 GPO 及固定的 GPOX
提供 5 个 GPI 及固定的 GPIX
频率来源 : 内建晶体振荡电路配合可程序化的
PLL
电源操作范围 : 3.0V~3.6V
封装 : LQFP-100pin
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 7/191 www.raio.com.tw
Version 1.5 文字 / 图形 TFT LCD 控制器
RA8875
PDAT[15:0]
PDAT[15:0]
HSYNC
HSYNC
VSYNC
VSYNC
PCLK
PCLK
DE
DE
SFCL
SFCL
SFDI
SFDI
SFDO
SFDO
SFCS0#
SFCS0#
SFCS1#
SFCS1#
XP
XP
XN
XN
YP
YP
YN
YN
ADC_VREF
ADC_VREF
PWM1
PWM1
PWM2
PWM2
RST#
RST#
3. 方块图
3-1 内部方块图
DB[15:0]
DB[15:0]
RD#/EN#
RD#/EN#
WR#/RW#
WR#/RW#
CS#
CS#
RS
RS
C86
C86
WAIT#
WAIT#
INT#
INT#
SCL
SCL
SDI
SDI
SDO
SDO
SCS#
SCS#
SIFS0
SIFS0
SIFS1
SIFS1
IICA[1:0]
IICA[1:0]
MPU I/F
MPU I/F
Block
Block
Register
Register
Block
Block
Geometric
Geometric
Speed-up
Speed-up
Engine
Engine
Generic
Generic
TFT
TFT
driver I/F
driver I/F
I2C/SPI
I2C/SPI
DDRAM
DDRAM
FONT
FONT
Engine
Engine
Serial
Serial
Flash/ROM
Flash/ROM
IF
IF
KOUT [3:0]/ GPO [3:0]
KOUT [3:0]/ GPO [3:0]
KIN [4:0]/ GPI [4:0]
KIN [4:0]/ GPI [4:0]
GPOX
GPOX
GPIX
GPIX
KEYSCAN
KEYSCAN
Controller
Controller
2D-BTE
2D-BTE
Engine
Engine
CGROM
CGROM
PLL
PLL
OSC
OSC
TEST
TEST
Circuit
Circuit
XI
XI
XO
XO
TEST[2:0]
TEST[2:0]
Scroll
Scroll
Engine
Engine
Pattern/
Pattern/
Cursor
Cursor
图 3-1 : RA8875 内部方块图
ADC
ADC
4 wires
4 wires
Touch Panel
Touch Panel
Controller
Controller
PWM
PWM
RESET
RESET
Control
Control
3-2 系统方块图
SPI
SPI
/I2C
/I2C
Serial
Serial
Flash
Flash
RA8875
RA8875
TFT LCD
TFT LCD
Module
Module
4 wires
4 wires
Touch
Touch
Panel
Panel
8/16 bits
8/16 bits
MPU
MPU
KEYPAD
KEYPAD
/GPIO
/GPIO
PWM
PWM
图 3-2 : RA8875 系统方块图
RAiO TECHNOLOGY INC. 8/191 www.raio.com.tw