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2022-2023学年山东省菏泽市高三上学期期末英语试题及答案.doc

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    2022-2023 学年山东省菏泽市高三上学期期末英语试题及答 案 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分 120 分，考试时间 100 分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上 对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答 题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are four youngest athletes who won the gold medal in the Olympics. Their achievements are recorded in the history of professional sports. Marjorie Gestring Marjorie Gestring was only 13 years and 268 days old when she won a gold medal for her county. After 1936, the Olympies were sopped for the Second World War. Following the conclusion of the war, she could not qualify for the 1948 London Olympics. Marjorie Gestring would have won more gold medals considering her talent if not for the World War II. Klaus Zerta Klaus Zerta was only 13 years and 283 days old when he won a gold medal at the 1960 Olympics in Rome, Italy. He cooperated with his teammates Bernhard Knubel and Heinz Renneberg to win the gold medal. Klaus was from West Germany but represented the unified team of Germany at the Olympics. Moreover, he is the youngest confirmed male athlete to win the gold medal in the history of the Summer Olympics. Fu Mingxia Chinese female diver Fu Mingxia is popular for being one of the youngest Olympic diving champions. She won a gold medal at the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona when
    she was just 13 years and 345 days old. Her last Olympic gold medal came during the 2000 Sydney Olympics, which emphasized the environmental protection and the reduction in waste. With the fourth gold medal, she joined Americans Pat McCormick and Greg Louganis as the world’s only quadruple (四次的) Olympic diving champions. Nadia Comaneci Nadia Comaneci is a five time Olympic gold medalist. She is a retired gymnast and one of the youngest athletes to win the gold medal. In 1976, she became the first gymnast to receive a perfect score of 10. She was merely 14 years old when she secured the gold medal at the 1976 Montreal Olympics. Interestingly, back then, a gymnast had to be 14 to participate but later the age limit went up to16. 1. Which of the following players played team sports? A. Marjorie Gestring. C. Fu Mingxia. B. Klaus Zerta. D. Nadia Comaneci. 2. Which Olympics might come up with the concept of “Green Olympics”? A. The 1948 London Olympics. B. The 1992 Barcelona Olympics. C. The 1976 Montreal Olympics. D. The 2000 Sydney Olympics. 3. What can we learn from the text? A. Klaus Zerta defeated Bernhard Knubel and Heinz Renneberg in 1960. B. Fu Mingxia won more Olympic-diving champions than Pat McCormick. C. Marjorie Gestring didn’t participate in the Olympics because of the war in 1948. D. It is impossible to break Nadia Comaneci’s record as the youngest gymnast gold medalist. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四名最年轻的运动员在奥运会上获得金牌的情 况。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章的 Klaus Zerta 部分“He cooperated with his teammates Bernhard Knubel and Heinz Renneberg to win the gold medal.( 他与队友伯恩哈德·克努贝尔和
    海因兹·伦内伯格合作，赢得金牌。)”可知，Klaus Zerta 参加了团体活动，故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章的 Fu Mingxia 部分“Her last Olympic gold medal came during the 2000 Sydney Olympics, which emphasized the environmental protection and the reduction in waste. (她最后一枚奥运金牌是在 2000 年悉尼奥运会期间获得的，该奥运会 强调了环境保护和减少浪费。)”可知，本届奥运会强调了“保护环境和减少浪费”的理念， 符合绿色奥运会的理念。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章 Nadia Comaneci 部分“In 1976, she became the first gymnast to receive a perfect score of 10. She was merely 14 years old when she secured the gold medal at the 1976 Montreal Olympics. Interestingly, back then, a gymnast had to be 14 to participate but later the age limit went up to16. (1976 年，她成为第一位获 得满分 10 分的体操运动员。她在 1976 年蒙特利尔奥运会上获得金牌时只有 14 岁。有趣的 是，当时体操运动员必须年满 14 岁才能参加比赛，但后来年龄限制提高到了 16 岁。)”可 知，Nadia Comaneci 在 14 岁就获得了金牌，后面参赛年龄提高到了 16 岁，可以推断作为 最年轻的金牌得主的记录很难被打破。故选 D 项。 B Lately, I’ve been traveling around the world. No longer am I waking up far away from my home, tired from a late night of writing down the stories I collected the day before. Things are different now, and each day my travels begin like this: I sit down at my dining table, usually early in the morning or late at night when nobody else is awake, and I listen to the radio. The radio station is always from somewhere that isn’t here in New York, and most often it comes from a free-to-use website called Radio Garden. Move your mouse and maybe you will land in Bujumbura, Burundi; in Dibrugarh, India; or on the edge of the South Pacific. Seemingly no matter how large or small the broadcaster is, if it sends out a signal online, it can appear on the site and you can listen to it. During the pandemic, Radio Garden, which is now available as an app, at times attracted as many as 15 million monthly listeners. “We received many heartwarming
    emails from people stuck at home expressing their gratitude for the service,” said Jonathan Puckey, the site’s founder. Radio Garden began as a project of the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision, where designers and computer programmers overlaid (覆盖) station streams with their geographical locations on a 3-D map of the world. As a result, there is more than one way to transmit. Visiting a country like Colombia brought back memories of past trips - - romantic accordion music reminding me of bus rides on the rural roads. Where will you visit first on the Radio Garden globe? For me, thrilling as it is to drop in on Ouagadougou or Ulaanbaatar or the Azores, it’s all about personal history: I was born and raised in New York, but my family is from everywhere—Latin America, the Middle East, and places in between. My ancestors were merchants who traded in goods and cultures. Now, because of their wanderings, pieces of six languages still fly across our dinner tables. Thanks to Radio Garden, my family can cross planes of space and time without worry! 4. What does the first paragraph focus on? A. The joys of radio travel. B. A scene of traveling by radio. C. A popular way of traveling. D. The difference in this travel. 5. What do we know about Radio Garden? A. It is affordable. B. It is widely accepted. C. It is easy to maintain. D. It is based in New York. 6. What does the author think is the greatest advantage of Radio Garden? A. Simplifying travel schedules. B. Making tourism popular again. C. Improving the traveling experience. D. Promoting the virtual reality travel. 7. What does the last paragraph imply? A. Radio Garden is expanding quickly. B. Radio Garden increases global connections. C. Radio Garden benefits from global awareness. D. Radio Garden facilitates the development of tourism. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
    【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 Radio Garden，一个相当棒的可以线上收听 全球电台广播的网站。 【4 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Lately, I’ve been traveling around the world. No longer am I waking up far away from my home, tired from a late night of writing down the stories I collected the day before. Things are different now, and each day my travels begin like this: 1 sit down at my dining table, usually early in the morning or late at night when nobody else is awake, and I listen to the radio. (最近，我一直在周 游世界。我不再在离家很远的地方醒来，不再因为熬夜写下前一天收集的故事而感到疲惫。 现在情况不同了，我每天的旅行都是这样开始的：我坐在餐桌旁，通常是在清晨或深夜，那 时没有人醒着，我听收音机。)”可知，第一段的重点是用广播旅行的场景。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The radio station is always from somewhere that isn’t here in New York, and most often it comes from a free-to-use website called Radio Garden. Move your mouse and maybe you will land in Bujumbura, Burundi; in Dibrugarh, India; or on the edge of the South Pacific. Seemingly no matter how large or small the broadcaster is, if it sends out a signal online, it can appear on the site and you can listen to it. (电台总是来自纽约以外的地方，最常见的是来自一个名为 radio Garden 的免费网站。移动你的鼠标，也许你会降落在布琼布拉，布隆迪；在印度的迪布鲁加尔；或 者在南太平洋的边缘似乎无论广播公司是大是小，只要它在网上发出信号，就能出现在网站 上，你就能听到。)”和第三段“During the pandemic, Radio Garden, which is now available as an app, at times attracted as many as 15 million monthly listeners.(疫情期间， Radio Garden 有时每月吸引 1500 万听众。Radio Garden 现在是一款应用程序。)”可知， radio Garden 被广泛接受。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Radio Garden began as a project of the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision, where designers and computer programmers overlaid (覆盖) station streams with their geographical locations on a 3-D map of the world. (无 线电花园最初是荷兰声音与视觉研究所的一个项目，设计师和计算机程序员在 3D 世界地图
    上叠加电台流和地理位置。)”和根据第四段“Visiting a country like Colombia brought back memories of past trips - - romantic accordion music reminding me of bus rides on the rural roads.”（访问哥伦比亚这样的国家使我回想起过去的旅行——浪漫的手风琴 音乐使我想起在乡村道路上乘坐公共汽车的情景。）最后一段“Thanks to Radio Garden, my family can cross planes of space and time without worry!(感谢 Radio Garden，我的 家人可以毫无顾虑地跨越时空!)”可知，作者认为 Radio Garden 最大的优势是推动虚拟现 实旅游。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“My ancestors were merchants who traded in goods and cultures. Now, because of their wanderings, pieces of six languages still fly across our dinner tables. Thanks to Radio Garden, my family can cross planes of space and time without worry! (我的祖先是从事商品和文化贸易的商人。现在，由于他 们的流浪，六种语言的碎片仍然在我们的餐桌上飞来飞去。感谢 Radio Garden，我的家人 可以毫无顾虑地跨越时空)”可推断，Radio Garden 增加全球联系。故选 B。 C People do physical exercise as part of their healthy lifestyle to get stronger and healthier. There are three basic modes of physical exercise: flexibility exercise helps the human body in general or its part in particular to be able to reach farther and bend better; aerobic exercise helps the body work hard for a long time; anaerobic exercise makes the arms and legs stronger. It has long been known that exercise is not only good for your body, but also for your mind. According to researchers, gymnasts are more likely to be emotionally stable, football players the most outgoing and swimmers the happiest. The psychological study, which was carried out by experts, also revealed that sports can also offer clues to a person’s attitude to charity, reading habits and even their voting intentions. Boxers, for example, are most likely to focus on material possessions in life. Meanwhile, runners tend to be outgoing people who love being the centre of attention. Walkers, a group that includes those who enjoy wandering and cross-country races, are least concerned about other people and like
    doing things by themselves without interruption from others. Those who play chess are confident when they face challenges and trouble. Those who swim tend to be tidy and charitable. However, according to Mind Lab, 61 percent of adults are fond of helping others regardless of their choice of sports. The results from this study also show that no matter what kind of person you are, there is the right kind of exercise for you. 8. Which of the following sports belongs to flexibility exercise? A. Running. B. Swimming. C. Football. D. Gymnastics. 9. What can we learn from the text? A. Walkers enjoy loneliness in their lives. B. Boxers tend to ignore wealth in life. C. Runners have great power of concentration. D. Chess players like challenging other people. 10. Why does the author mention Mind Lab in Paragraph 4? A. To make a contrast. B. To draw a comparison. C. To place an emphasis. D. To give an example. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. How can you choose suitable sports? B. What kind of sports can benefit you most? C. How can sports keep you mentally healthy? D. What does your choice of sports tell about you? 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动类型的选择与个人性格特点之间的联系。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“flexibility exercise helps the human body in general or its part in particular to be able to reach farther and bend better.(柔韧性运 动有助于人整体或特定部位能够伸得更远，弯曲得更好。)”可知，柔韧性运动是一种拉伸 类的运动，体操属于该运动。故选 D 项。
    【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四自然段“Walkers, a group that includes those who enjoy wandering and cross-country races, are least concerned about other people and like doing things by themselves without interruption from others.(步行者包括那些喜欢 闲逛和越野比赛的人，他们最不关心他人，喜欢自己做事情，不受他人干扰。)”可知，步 行的人不关心别人，喜欢在生活中享受孤独。故选 A 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四自然段“Those who swim tend to be tidy and charitable. However, according to Mind Lab, 61 percent of adults are fond of helping others regardless of their choice of sports.(然而，根据思维实验室的调查，61%的成年人喜 欢帮助别人，不管他们选择什么运动。)”可知，作者提到实验室的调查是为了与前文的结 论形成对比。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“It has long been known that exercise is not only good for your body, but also for your mind. According to researchers, gymnasts are more likely to be emotionally stable, football players the most outgoing and swimmers the happiest.(众所周知，锻炼不仅对你的身体有好处，而且对你的思想也有好处。据研究 人员称，体操运动员情绪更稳定，足球运动员最外向，游泳运动员最快乐。)”第四段“The psychological study, which was carried out by experts, also revealed that sports can also offer clues to a person’s attitude to charity, reading habits and even their voting intentions. (这项由专家进行的心理学研究还显示，体育运动还可以揭示一 个人对慈善事业的态度、阅读习惯，甚至他们的投票意愿。) ”以及最后一段“The results from this study also show that no matter what kind of person you are, there is the right kind of exercise for you.(这项研究的结果还表明，无论你是什么样的人，都有适 合你的锻炼方式。) ”可知，文章主要介绍了运动的选择和个人特点之间的联系。故选 D 项。 D Consumers in the U.S. spend billions of dollars a year on gifts wrapping. Two colleagues and I wondered whether all that time and effort is actually worth it. So we conducted three experiments to explore the impact of gift wrapping.
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