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2022-2023年湖南永州高一英语下学期期末试卷及答案.doc
2022-2023 年湖南永州高一英语下学期期末试卷及答案
C. At home.
B. Jack’s sofa
C. Jack’s living
B. It’s difficult.
C. It’s boring.
B. Watch a match.
C. Play football.
B. His car broke down.
C. He got up late.
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转
涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选
项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅
读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the man want to do this afternoon?
A. Go skating.
2.Why is the man late?
A. He helped a person.
3. What does the woman think of cooking?
A. It’s easy.
4.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a classroom.
B. In a concert.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Jack’s wedding.
room.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项
中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小
题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6.What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Hurry to the next class.
7.What time is the man’s next class?
A. At 10:30.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. Who is the woman most probably talking to?
A. A salesman.
B. A repairman.
9. What happened to the woman’s computer?
A. Its software didn’t work.
turned blue.
10.What does the man do to the woman’s computer?
A. Replace its screen.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. How does the woman feel at first?
A. Tired.
12.Where are the speakers going?
B. Its screen turned black.
B. Scan for viruses.
B. Go to a club.
C. Meet some friends.
B. Worried.
C. Hungry.
B. At 11:00.
C. At 11:30.
C. A classmate.
C. Its screen
C. Restart it.
B. To a train station.
B. Have a meal.
B. Schoolmates.
A. To a restaurant.
13.What is the man likely to do at last?
A. Drive slowly.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14.What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers.
interviewee.
15.What do we know about the woman?
A. She is out of work now.
B. She lives near her company.
C. She works for HH Company.
16. How does the man go to work these days?
A. By motorbike.
17.Why will the man go to the city library?
A. To return some books.
interview.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. When is the United Nations Chinese Language Day?
A. On April 27th.
19. How did the UN Office celebrate the ev
B. On April 25th.
B. By subway.
B. To work there.
C. To a store.
C. Take a rest.
C. Interviewer and
C. By car.
C. To have an
C. On April 20th.
B
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻之父)”, is one
of China’s most famous scientists. Yet, he considered himself as a farmer because
he continually worked the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strong body
was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he devoted his life.
Yuan was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to pursue a career in
science or medicine. However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had
poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. To tackle
this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest
Agricultural College in Chongqing.
After graduating from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953, he worked as a
researcher. Yuan realized that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers
needed to boost yields (产量) in the fields they had. How this could be done was
a challenging question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found
in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties
of species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield
than conventional crops. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical
difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.
This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
Witnessing the development of hybrid rice, Yuan once said “I saw my super hybrid
rice plant growing as high as sorghum (高粱). The panicle (head of rice) was as large
as a broom, and the grains as big as peanuts. I was very happy to rest under them
with my assistant.”
Today, it is estimated (估计) that about 60 percent of domestic (国内的) rice
B. Researching the land
consumption in China is made up of crops produced from Yuan’s hybrid species and
his species have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice
per year.
4. Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer?
A. Having a figure like farmers.
constantly.
C. Leading a life in the countryside.
college.
5. What does the underlined word “tackle” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Sharpen.
rise to.
6. What is the main advantage of hybrid rice?
A. Its higher yield.
C. Its poor harvests.
7. What is Yuan’s attitude to the development of the hybrid rice?
A. Satisfied.
Cautious.
【答案】4. B
B. Its creation process.
D. Its varieties of species.
D. Graduating from an agricultural
5. C
6. A
7. A
C. Unspeakable.
D.
B. Unbearable.
B. Unearth.
C. Get rid of.
D. Give
C
One of the world’s most significant ecological and environmental problems is
desertification. Desertification is a type of land degradation in which a relatively
dry land region becomes increasingly arid (干旱的), typically losing its bodies of
water as well as vegetation and wildlife. It’s happening all over the world and
it’s happening very quickly.
There are several causes of desertification. The immediate cause is the removal
of most vegetation. This is driven by a number of factors, such as drought, tillage
(耕种) for agriculture, overgrazing (过度放牧) and deforestation for fuel or
construction materials. Some farmers farm their land too much, without giving the
soil a chance to recover. Others allow their animals to eat up large areas of grass
far too quickly — at a rate that makes it impossible for the grass to grow back.
Cutting down trees is another major cause of desertification. Trees help protect
the soil. Without trees, the soil easily blows away in the wind or washes away in
floods. Besides, wildlife plays an important role in the preservation of vegetation
and soil. So removal of animals is also one of the main drivers of increasing
desertification. Moreover, some parts of the Earth are hotter today than they used
to be. This change in climate has dried out a lot of land.
The consequences of desertification can be disastrous. So we need to take steps
to prevent desertification. We should pay attention to how much energy we use in
our daily lives. That way, we can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released. We
can walk or cycle short distances, and use less water. We can also protect our forests
by reusing paper and not using disposable chopsticks. What’s more, we should try
to make people around us aware of the problem and encourage them to change their
daily habits in the same way. As long as we create a harmonious environment, life
on this planet will live in peace and abundance, and stop the pace of desertification
together.
8. What can we learn about desertification from paragraph 1?
A. It is happening slowly throughout the world.
B. It is an ecological and environmental solution.
C. It is the process during which farmland turns into desert.
D. It is the process during which a relatively dry land becomes rich.
9. Why does desertification occur?
A. Wildlife does harm to the vegetation and soil.
B. The change in climate contributes to dried land.
C. Animals eat the grass at a slower rate than grass grows.
D. Trees are blown away in the wind or washed away in floods.
10. What steps can we take to prevent desertification?
A. Changing our good daily habits.
B. Raising people’s environmental awareness.
C. Using more paper and less disposable chopsticks.
D. Using more energy and releasing less carbon dioxide.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Desertification — the major cause of climate change.
B. Desertification — everyone’s responsibility for its treatment.
C. Desertification — the disastrous consequences of deforestation.
D. Desertification — the most significant ecological and environmental problem.
【答案】8. C
11. D
9. B
10. B
D
As many as 3.9 per cent of people have aphantasia (心盲症), the inability to
picture images in their heads. But formally diagnosing (诊断) the condition is
difficult. A simple physiological test involving a webcam could one day offer a
solution.
Rebecca Keogh at Macquarie University in Australia and her colleagues have
studied the effectiveness of a test they have developed for aphantasia by recruiting
56 people without the condition and 18 people who said they have it.
The test is based on changes to pupil (瞳孔) size. Looking at a bright object
causes a person’s pupils to constrict while dim objects cause the pupils to dilate
(扩大). The researchers guessed that a similar effect could be observed if people
were told to imagine a bright or dark object.
In their tests, the researchers tracked each person’s pupil size using an
infrared (红外的) camera. They showed a participant a bright image of an object on
a screen for 5 seconds, and told him/her to memorize it. After the image disappeared,
the participant’s pupils returned to their original size. He/She was asked to imagine
the object in his/her head. This task was repeated until he/she had looked at 16
bright images and 16 dark images. The pupils of all participants changed in response
to seeing bright and dark images on the screen. About 90 per cent of those without
aphantasia also showed pupil size changes when told to imagine those images. However,
the same was true of just 39 per cent of people who said they had aphantasia.
Thomas Andrillon at the Paris Brain Institute suggests the test could one day
B. Imagining images in the head.
D. Doing a physiological test with
be used to check if someone has aphantasia. But Keogh says the test still needs to
be refined before it can be used widely. “We cannot run this study without access
to infrared glasses that can measure pupil size,” she says. This is because the
pupil size changes seen in those without aphantasia are still very small—a change
in diameter (直径) of about 0.2 to 0.4 millimetres. The team wants to gather more
data with larger sample sizes and hopes to develop a test that can be done at home
via a laptop webcam.
12. What can we do to diagnose aphantasia?
A. Changing the pupil size.
C. Tracking a similar effect via a laptop.
a webcam.
13. How was the test carried out?
A. By analyzing data.
C. By making comparisons.
14. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A. The infrared camera interrupts participants’ behaviors.
B. Images on the screen changed in response to pupil movements.
C. All participants’ pupils change according to imagined images.
D. An infrared camera can detect aphantasia by tracking pupil changes.
15. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Diagnosing aphantasia still has a long way to go.
B. Access to infrared glasses is not a necessity in the test.
C. A laptop webcam can be widely used to cure aphantasia.
D. Data with sample sizes are quite enough to confirm the result.
【答案】12. D
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。
B. By classifying facts.
D. By giving detailed examples.
13. C
14. D
15. A
Before you go on your next two wheeled adventure, make sure you’re familiar
with the ins and outs of bicycle safety. ____16____.—one powered by an electric
motor in addition to your pedaling (踏板).
Many of the safety recommendations are the same for both types of bikes. Wear
a helmet. Ride with the flow of traffic rather than against it. Make sure you’
re visible to motorists (some e-bikes now come with lights). ____17____. (left:
extend your left arm out to the side; right: extend your right arm or bend your left
arm up at a right angle). Don’t talk on the phone, text, or listen to music. And
if you’re an e-bike rider, heed these tips too:
Check your bike’s condition. That starts with checking that the tires are
inflated (充气了的) and the brakes are working properly. ____18____, take it for
a tune-up (调整) before you take it for a ride. For an e-bike, also make sure your
battery is charged. And before and after every ride, inspect your bicycle for damage.
____19____. This is important for e-bike riders. With the ability to go faster
comes the responsibility to know when you should slow down.
Know the rules of the road. When you’re riding in the street, even in a protected
bike lane, read the signals, pay attention to the lane markings, and check the signage
to see where e-bikes are allowed. ____20____.
A. Be aware of your speed
B. Keep up the high speed of e-bike
C. Know how to use your arm to signal turns
D. If the bicycle hasn’t been used for a while
E. When you finish the work of checking your bike
F. This holds true whether you’re riding a traditional bike or an e-bike
G. Signs may specify which types of bikes are allowed on which roads and paths
【答案】16. F
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
19. A
20. G
17. C
18. D
I noticed a dad and his son at the park. His son wasn’t able to ____21____,
but he seemed content sitting in the sand. The dad ____22____ to me that having been
in speech therapy (言语治疗) for years, his son could only make some sounds and was
able to ____23____ eye contact for a few seconds. He told me how delighted he was
to witness the ____24____ and what a pleasure it was to see all of the years of hard
work ____25____. The father and son ____26____ and those few seconds of eye contact
meant the world to that dad!
The dad also shared with me that his ____27____ for his boy was to someday be
able to go for ice cream together. Suddenly the son ____28____ putting his fingers
in the sand, looked at his father and said “hi”. Seconds later, the boy went back
into his own ____29____. The dad wanted to say something, but the ____30____ would
not come. Yet what did come were tears, which conveyed how ____31____ he was of his
son.
B. communicate
C. breathe
Although they were strangers to me, this event ____32____ me deeply and made
me consider my ____33____ with my own father. I hope that as they communicate further,
more and more memories will be ____34____ for them to share. I am convinced the
feelings held by all ____35____ fathers — their hard work, their love, their pride
and their tears of love — are all the same.
21. A. understand
survive
22. A. apologized
suggested
23. A. maintain
24. A. requirement
achievement
25. A. put off
26. A. extended
connected
27. A. goal
solution
B. awaken
B. entertainment
C. track
C. appointment
B. break off
B. marched
C. pay off
C. reflected
D. set off
D.
D. remove
D.
B. promised
C. explained
D.
D.
B. concern
C. decision
D.
28. A. began
continued
29. A. apartment
30. A. fortunes
choices
31. A. proud
doubtful
32. A. defeated
frightened
33. A. partnership
friendship
34. A. honored
created
35. A. amazing
annoying
【答案】21. B
D
听力答案：1-5. BAACB
30. C
22. C
31. A
B. stopped
C. regretted
D.
B. family
B. efforts
C. journey
C. words
D. world
D.
B. ashamed
C. tired
B. promoted
C. touched
B. relationship
C. membership
B. rescued
C. imagined
B. eye-catching
C. wide-ranging
D.
D.
D.
D.
D.
23. A
24. D
32. C
33. B
25. C
34. D
26. D
35. A
27. A
28. B
29.
6-10. CBCBC
11-15. CBCBA
16-20. AACBA
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