2004 年上海华东师范大学生理学考研真题 一、请解释下列名词∶（50 分） 1、静息电位 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2、动作电位 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 3、终板电位 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 4、心动周期 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 5、感受器 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 6、突触 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 7、受体 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 8、反射 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 9、应激反应 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 10、姿势反射 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 二、以神经细胞为例，简述动作电位的概念、组成部分以及产生机制。（25 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 三、细胞膜的跨膜物质转运有哪几种形式?请举例说明。（25 分） 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 四、 简述突触传递的主要特征。（25 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 五、何谓特异性投射系统?何谓非特异性投射系统? 两者有何区别?（25 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________