电子信息工程专业英语导论.pdf

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5:The basic components of computer system

6:ARMTM

7:DSP Processor Fundamentals

8:VLSI Architectures

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures Technical English for Electronic and Information Engineering PART 2 — Modern Electronics Devices Liu Tong liutong2@mail2.sysu.edu.cn Huizhou University Department of Electronics Engineering 2017, March

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures Main Content 1 5:The basic components of computer system 2 6:ARMTM 3 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 4 8:VLSI Architectures

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures Unit 5: The basic components of computer system

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures New Words and Technical Terms New Words memory bus processor semiconductor performance location signal instruction ﬂip-ﬂop chip transistor binary Technical Terms central processing unit (CPU) integrated circuit (IC) input/output (I/O) metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) read random memory (RAM) only read memory (ROM)

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures Text Text(1) The basic components that make up a computer system include: the CPU, memory, I/O, and the bus that connects these components together. John Von Neumann, a pioneer in computer design, gave the architec- ture of most computers in use today. A typical Von Neumann system has three major parts: the central processing unit (or CPU), memory, and in- put/output (or I/O). How a system designs these parts impacts the system performance. In VNA machines, like the 80x86 family, the CPU is where all the actions take place[1]. All computations occur inside the CPU. Data and CPU instructions reside in memory until required by the CPU. To the CPU, most I/O devices look like memory because the CPU can store data to an output device and read data from an input device. The major diﬀerence between memory and I/O device is that I/O device is generally associated with external device in the outside world.

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures Text Text(1) In VNA machines, like the 80x86 family, the CPU is where all the actions take place[1]. [1]3VNA¯NX¥§X8086X§CPU·1⁄kﬂ /" 3the CPU is where all the actions take place¥§·the CPU§where all the actions take place·’XBcwherel Ø¿L.

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures Text Text(2) The system bus connects various components of a VNA ma- chine. The 80x86 family has three major busses: the address bus, the data bus, and the control bus. A bus is a connection of wires on which electrical signals pass through components in the system. For example, the data bus may have a diﬀerent implementation between the 80386 and the 8086, but both carry data among the processor, I/O, and memory. The 80x86 processor uses the data bus to trans- fer data among the various components in a computer system. The size of this bus varies widely in the 80x86 family. Indeed, this bus deﬁnes the /size0of the processor.

5:The basic components of computer system 6:ARMTM 7:DSP Processor Fundamentals 8:VLSI Architectures Text Text(3) The data bus on an 80x86 family processor transfers information between a particular memory location or I/O device and the CPU. The only question is, /Which memory location or I/O device?0The address bus answers this question.

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