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2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市高三上学期开学检测英语试题及答案.doc
2022-2023 学年湖南省岳阳市高三上学期开学检测英语试题
及答案
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15.
B. £9.18.
C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Where will the man drive?
A. On Spruce Street.
B. On Broadway.
C. On First Avenue.
2. What will the woman bring the man?
A. Orange juice and bacon.
B. Coffee, eggs, and bacon.
C. Tea and eggs.
3. What will the weather be like tomorrow afternoon?
A. Rainy.
B. Sunny.
C. Cloudy.
4. Why does the woman ask for another pair of pants?
A. She needs a different size.
B. The pants are damaged.
C. She wants to buy
two pairs.
5. What does the man decide to do next?
A. Continue watching the movie.
B. Watch a different movie.
C. Go to the café.
第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
6. What Grade Point Average (GPA) does the man have?
A. A 4.0.
B. A 3.3.
C. A 2.4.
7. What does the woman suggest about her study habits?
A. They helped her get into medical school.
B. She was too busy with friends to study.
C. She regrets not going out more.
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The woman.
B. The man’s friend.
C. The woman and her friend.
9. What is true about Dorothy?
A. She is good at telling stories.
B. She is from New York.
C. She met
the woman at the age of sixteen.
10. What happened to the woman?
A. Her car wouldn’t start.
B. She got into a car accident.
C. She set
her alarm clock for the wrong time.
11. What is the man’s reaction to the woman’s explanation?
A. He’s quite angry.
B. He’s a little annoyed.
C. He’s very understanding.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Deal with some files.
B. Meet with a client.
C. Schedule a phone call.
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary.
B. Mother and son.
C. Shopkeeper and customer.
14. When will the man walk his dog?
A. In a few hours.
B. In a few days.
C. In a few months.
15. What is the dog’s name?
A. Spike.
B. Bozo.
C. Bingo.
16. Why does the woman ask the man so many questions?
A. She thinks he’s too young for a dog.
B. She doesn’t think he’s responsible enough.
C. She doubts whether he can afford a dog.
17. Which student is turning fourteen?
A. Marissa Miller.
B. Gabriel Sunday.
C. Thomas Scott.
18. Why might people go to Room 203?
A. To support the community.
B. To meet some new people.
C. To eat some
spaghetti.
19. What is Mr. Smith’s class doing this week?
A. Having a bake sale.
B. Showing their science projects.
C. Donating
money to children in need.
20. What must eighth graders do?
A. Buy dance tickets.
B. Get to school early on Thursday.
C. Have their parents
sign a form.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sometimes it takes a work of art to give the inspiration for advances in science.
For example, Elon Musk’s dream of humans living on other planets was first inspired
by Isaac Asimov’s Foundation book series. Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos, a massive fan of
the Star Trek television series, founded his very own space company Blue Origin.
Let’s explore some of the technologies from science fiction that have been brought
to life.
Remote control
Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel Dune features a small flying robot device that is
piloted remotely, one of the earliest appearances of drones in science fiction. With
the first permit for commercial drone use in the US given in 2006, drones became
a reality, and can now be found taking on multiple roles in photography, farming
and military.
From thin air
The television show Star Trek, first appearing on screens in 1966, inspired
science. One of the most unexpected examples may be the 3D printer. In the program,
a device can create any object desired within a matter of seconds. Researchers at
the University of California, Berkeley, US, developed a 3D printer in 2019 that
shapes objects using rays of light. The device uses light to alter the density of
resin (树脂), changing the material from a liquid to a solid in order to shape the
desired object.
Starting the heart
One of the first sci-fi novels, Frankenstein by Mary Shelley has had a huge impact
on science. Earl Bakken, the inventor of the pacemaker (起搏器), a device placed
into the chest that helps the heart to pump blood using small electrical impulses,
was inspired by the 1931 movie adaptation of the book. “What impressed me the most...
was the creative spark of Dr Frankenstein’s electricity,” Bakken told the Atlantic.
Defibrillators (除颤仪), which restart the heart with an electrical current after
a cardiac arrest (心脏停搏), also resemble the electric shock that gave the monster
life.
1. Whose work inspired science?
A. Elon Musk’s.
B. Jeff Bezos’.
C. Frank Herbert’s.
D. Earl
Bakken’s.
2. Which of the following can create new things from “nowhere”?
A. Drones.
B. 3D printer.
C. Pacemakers.
D.
Defibrillators.
3. Which can be summarized from the passage?
A. Science fiction thinks big.
B. Technology flies out of our
imagination
C. Imagination leads to advanced civilization. D. Scientific development relies
on technology.
【答案】1. C
2. B
3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了三个灵感来自于科幻作品的技术发明。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Remote control(远程控制)”下文的详细介绍“Frank Herbert’s 1965
novel Dune features a small flying robot device that is piloted remotely, one of
the earliest appearances of drones in science fiction. With the first permit for
commercial drone use in the US given in 2006, drones became a reality, and can now
be found taking on multiple roles in photography, farming and military.(Frank
Herbert 1965 年的小说《沙丘》讲述了一个可以远程操控的小型飞行机器人装置，这是科
幻小说中最早出现无人机的例子之一。随着 2006 年美国第一个商用无人机使用许可证的发
放，无人机成为现实，现在可以在摄影、农业和军事中承担起多种作用。)”可知 Frank Herbert
的作品给科学带来了灵感。故选 C。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“From thin air”以及下文的详细介绍“The television show StarTrek,
first appearing on screens in 1966, inspired science. One of the most unexpected
examples may be the 3D printer. In the program, a device can create any object desired
within a matter of seconds. Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley,
US, developed a 3D printer in 2019 that shapes objects using rays of light.(1966
年首次在荧屏上播出的电视节目《星际迷航》启迪了科学，其中让人最意想不到的一个例子
也许是 3D 打印机。在这个节目中，有一种设备可以在几秒钟内创造任何想要的物体。2019
年，美国加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员开发了一种利用光线塑造物体形状的 3D 打印机。)”
可知在《星际迷航》有一种设备可以在几秒钟内创造任何想要的物体，而 3D 打印机就是以
此为灵感开发的可以用光线塑造物体形状的打印机，所以说 3D 打印机可以“无中生有，凭
空（From thin air）”地创造新的东西。故选 B。
【3 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的最后一句“Let’s explore some of the technologies from
science fiction that have been brought to life.(让我们来探究一下一些由科幻小说变
为现实的技术。)”以及下文三项技术灵感来源的详细阐述，可知文章主要介绍了灵感来自
科幻作品的一些发明，选项 B“Technology flies out of our imagination(技术来自我们
的想象)”可以概括全文，故选 B。
B
Seventeen young turtles raised from eggs saved from the smashed bodies of mothers
killed on roads got their release back into the wild by a class of kindergartners.
It was part of a program that has saved thousands of turtles and returned them
to the wild over the past 25 years. The turtles were either raised from the eggs
of their dead mothers or were themselves rescued from roads, storm drains or other
dangerous places over the years.
“It’s a great community connection,” said Lisa Ferguson, director of research
and conservation at the Wetlands Institute, which runs the program along with
Stockton University and Stone Harbor schools. “It shows how conservation works,
and that everyone has a part to play, from adults down to kindergarten students.”
The turtle release took place during egg-laying season, when turtles come up
out of the wetlands onto dry land to lay eggs, thus exposing themselves not only
to natural predators, but also to the far more deadly threat of motor vehicles.
Aside from caring for injured live turtles, the Wetlands Institute harvests eggs
from females killed on the road and incubates (孵化) them at 30 degrees Celsius (86
degrees Fahrenheit), a temperature that will ensure they develop as females (egg
temperature determines the sex of these turtles, Ferguson said).
When they have grown enough in their first year, they are ready for release into
the wetlands surrounding the institute. That ’ s where the kids come in.
Kindergartners from Stone Harbor schools get to know the turtles as they grow. They
give them names, draw posters of them, and even bake and sell cookies to raise money
for turtle conservation.
When it was time to set them free, some eagerly grasped the turtles from behind;
others were more quiet to get up close and personal with squirming turtles and squishy
mud, but each student seemed excited to see the turtles paddle away into the shallow
water.
4. Why did the turtles need rescuing?
A. Because their eggs couldn’t develop as females.
B. Because they couldn’t walk across the road.
C. Because they lost their mother to the sea.
D. Because their habitat was threatened.
5. What did Lisa Ferguson think of the program?
A. Professional.
B. Natural.
C. Educational.
D.
Optional.
6. What did kids do for the program?
A. They learnt to befriend turtles.
B. They provided turtles with food.
C. They saved the turtles from road kills.
D. They cared for the injured live
turtles.
7. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Go on fighting for them
B. Work harder, worry less
C. Help them, happy together
D. Save them to save ourselves
【答案】4. D
5. C
6. A
7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一个班级的幼儿园孩子们高兴地把 17 只孤儿小海
龟放回野外的事情，文章还介绍了这个海龟救助项目以及孩子们在海龟成长过程中的参与。
【4 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It was part of a program that has saved thousands of turtles
and returned them to the wild over the past 25 years. The turtles were either raised
from the eggs of their dead mothers or were themselves rescued from roads, storm
drains or other dangerous places over the years.(这是一个项目的一部分，该项目在
过去 25 年中拯救了数千只海龟并将它们送回野外。这些海龟要么是由死去的母龟的卵孵出
来的，要么是多年来从道路、雨水沟或其他危险的地方救出来的。)”以及第四段中的“...,
when turtles come up out of the wetlands onto dry land to lay eggs, thus exposing
themselves not only to natural predators, but also to the far more deadly threat
of motor vehicles.(这是产卵季节，海龟从湿地中爬到干燥的土地上产卵，因此不仅暴露
在天敌面前，而且还暴露在机动车辆更致命的威胁之下。)”可知由于海龟的栖息地受到了
威胁，造成了海龟的伤亡，所以海龟需要救助。故选 D。
【5 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“‘It’s a great community connection,’ said Lisa Ferguson,
director of research and conservation at the Wetlands Institute, which runs the
program along with Stockton University and Stone Harbor schools. ‘It shows how
conservation works, and that everyone has a part to play, from adults down to
kindergarten students.’(‘这是一个很好的社区联系，’湿地研究所研究和保护主任 Lisa
Ferguson 说，该研究所与 Stockton 大学和 Stone Harbor 学校一起运行该项目。‘它展示了
保护是如何运作的，从成年人到幼儿园的学生，每个人都可以发挥作用。’)”可知该项目告
诉大家如何去保护海龟，发挥自己的作用，非常具有教育意义，故选 C。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的二、三句“Kindergartners from Stone Harbor schools get
to know the turtles as they grow. They give them names, draw posters of them, and
even bake and sell cookies to raise money for turtle conservation.(来自 Stone Harbor
学校的幼儿园学生在海龟成长过程中了解它们。他们给它们起名字，画海报，甚至烘烤和出
售饼干，为海龟保护筹集资金。)”可知孩子们像朋友一样去对待海龟，故选 A。
【7 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Seventeen young turtles raised from eggs saved from the
smashed bodies of mothers killed on roads got their release back into the wild by
a class of kindergartners.(十七只小海龟被一个班级的幼儿园孩子们放回野外，这些小
海龟是由在路上被撞死的母龟的卵孵化养育出来的)”以及文章最后一段“When it was time
to set them free, some eagerly grasped the turtles from behind; others were more
quiet to get up close and personal with squirming turtles and squishy mud, but each
student seemed excited to see the turtles paddle away into the shallow water.(星
期三早上，是时候让他们自由了。有些人急切地从后面抓住海龟；其他人则更不愿意与蠕动
的海龟和柔软的泥土近距离接触，但每个学生似乎都很高兴看到海龟划入浅水区。)”可知
文章讲述了孩子们高兴地把海龟放回野外；结合文章中对海龟救助项目的介绍以及孩子们在
海龟成长过程中的参与，可知文章主要介绍了孤儿海龟和孩子们的故事，所以 C 选项“Help
them, happy together(帮助它们，快乐在一起)”能够概括全文，最适合作为本文的标题。
故选 C。
C
In English it’s common to say, “I know this town like the back of my hand!”
While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands?
Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.
Matthew Longo and his team from University College London studied the left hands
of 100 people. With their hands placed palms down under a board, Longo’s team gave
the instruction to point to their knuckles and fingertips with a marker. How did
they do? Not that well.
“People think their hand is wider than it actually is,” said Longo. He said
they also seemed to think their fingers were shorter than their true lengths. People
were most accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each
finger, up to their little fingers.
“It is connected to our sense of position,” explained Longo. Humans know where
different parts of our bodies are, even if we can’t see them. “It tells us whether
a joint is straight or not,” said Longo. “We also need to know the distances between
our joints,” he went on. Our brains know the sizes and shapes of our bodies from
the maps they make for themselves. “This experiment tried to find those maps,”
he said.
Maybe maps don’t need to be perfect. But why aren’t our brains more accurate?
Longo said our brains “see” areas based on our sense of touch, with the stronger
the sense of touch in a specific body part, the bigger that body part seems. An example
is our lips. As they have more nerves than our noses, our brain’s map shows our
lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with body parts that have a lot of nerves.
If you’ve ever had something stuck in your teeth, it probably felt huge! That’
s because our tongues also have lots of nerves.
If you want to have some fun, try this test with your classmates. Get some boards
and some markers and have them mark the spots where they think their knuckles and
fingertips are. Compare their hands to the marker spots and see how well they have
performed.
8. Why is the saying mentioned in Para. 1?
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