2015年8月托福真题回忆及解析.doc

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2015年8月托福真题回忆及解析【导语】梯子的梯阶从来不是用来搁脚的，它只是让人们的脚放上一段时间，以便让别一只脚能够再往上登。以下是无忧考网小编搜集整理的2015年8月托福部分真题，欢迎阅读！ 2015年8月托福共举行了两场考试，分别是8月22日、8月30日 8 月 22 日托福独立写作范文 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most effective way for government to encourage energy conservation is increasing the price of gasoline and electricity. Nowadays, frequent power cut or the drain of oil supply has become a serious problem that concerns us with its damage to not only the environment, but also our efficiency in work and study. Although some people propose to raise the cost of fuel as a solution to this issue, I personally believe that it is not the best way to solve the problem of air pollution. Indeed, increasing the cost of gasoline and electricity can conserve energy to some extents. Considering the higher price of the fuel, more people would reduce their use of private cars or shut down lights and the air-conditioner when leaving home. As a result, the reduced number of cars leads to a decrease in demand to the gasoline and hence make the use of energy more efficiency. However, this solution does not solve the problem completely. Even the price of the gas goes up, most people would still choose to pay because fuels are the basic need for them to work and travel. Such necessity is not able to be replaced, and conservative problems would continue to be a problem. For example, my mom drives to work every day because there are no subway or buses between our home and her working

place. Moreover, the public transportation is way too time-consuming and less comfortable. For government, exploiting new energy sources, on the other hand, is a better alternative to energy conservation because its a stable solution that will solve the problem eternally. Cars that are powered by solar energy, for example, do not have to worry about the limited power supply, since it uses a long-lasting and powerful battery to absorb and store the energy from the sunlight and then use this energy to power the cars. According to research conducted by scientists in Japan and China, by holding the transformation rate between solar energy to electricity to 28 percent, the solar energy cars do not have to recharge itself and can keep running under the sun for 18 hours. Based on this, cars driven by solar energy would push the limits of energy to a new level. Moreover, spreading out the concept of conserving energy is another more effective way to achieve the goal. In fact, there are certain group of citizens who are concerned with extravagant energy use, and they are quite cautious in using electricity, water and oiling their cars. If the government can take measures to educate more people with the same principles, energy consumption might drop considerately. Henry’s father used to be a truck driver when he was young. He is so fond of driving truck that he even go to nearby Walmart by his Toyota Tundra. After Henry was lectured about the energy crisis in many developing countries like India, he was aware of the fact that by saving energy as much as possible himself, he was able to help a family in New Deli to use electricity constantly for a night. Furthermore, he asked his father to join him and persuaded him to change driving truck into some clean energy car, namely Prius. By doing this, they might save certain amount of

gasoline that could help poor people in Northwest Tibet use heaters in winter. All in all, I believe raising the cost of the fuel is not the best way to conserve energy, since they are better alternatives such as applying new energy sources and necessary education to more people about necessity on energy crisis. 8 月 22 日托福听力真题回忆：两篇 conversation , —篇是服务咨询，一篇是办公时间，四篇 lecture 文章分别为自然科学 T 生命科学及会科学，还有文学艺术的文章，文章题材形式都是同学在课上精听精做过的文章。但是目前 2015 年的托福考试趋势：需要同学具备很好的托福听力实力，因为其中一个 section 难度系数略高。 Conversation 1 学生想数学换成 biology，因为她很喜欢这个专业，但是老师说如果要换专业它它需要推迟两年毕业，建议她等研究生的时候再选择 biology。她问有没有什么 summer plan 可以做，并且可以转换成本专业的学分，然后教授就推荐了一个纽约的 summer plan，但是这个 plan 的老师今年走了，所以她必须推迟—年，然后他就要申请这个项目，问题又来了，她的成绩录入错误，所以他担心这个会影响她的申请，然后老师也提供了建议。解析：听到文章中学生来的目的-产生问题的原因-解决问题的方案学生来的目的：数学专业换成生物专业。产生问题的原因：老师说如果要换专业它需要推迟两年毕业，建议她等研究生的时候再去选择生物解决问题的方案：教授推荐了一个纽约的 summer plan ,但是这个plan 的老师今年走了，所以她必须推迟—年 Lecture 1 天文学的文章开始说到一个星座，后来说了一个什么组织，这个组织吧一块区域分成很多块，然后把一个什么星座定义成了 asterism (不知道拼的又寸不对）解析：文章难度系数略高,需要具备良好的听力实力才会拿下本篇文章。但是此种难度的文章都是精讲精练班里大量联系过的文章文章中提到了 constellation 和很多关键词。

Lecture 2 讲的是动物的伪装，一种是 uniform stripped ，—种是 disruptive ,然后讲到了老虎之类的。解析：难度系数不高的一篇文章，想 camouflage/disguise 这样的有关于动物伪装的单词必须要认识，其中会有很多动物名称的出现，需要同学们记好。 Conversation 2 一小伙子在外边要做兼职写文章，然后找了一个老师，这个老师说要他帮忙要几张照片一起研究一个什么 erosion 的问题，然后这个同学找老师帮忙，说想去哪个社团活动，因为便宜。这个小伙子因为没有交钱，不在这个社团了。解析： Conversation 2 难度系数不高，老师需要学生提供帮助。TPO 中有大量此种类型的文章，考前都要做完 Lecture 3 讲的叫 John locke 的人第一次提到小孩子和大人是不一样的，以前小朋友在家里帮大人做事，和大人一模一样。然后那个人说童话故事不好，因为童话故事里坏的事都发生在森林里，很多人长大以后很怕黑。然后有一个人写了不一样的童话故事，这个人打开了儿童书籍的市场，很多妈妈者都在看。解析：有关于心理学的一片文章：亚里士多德提出教育理念，寓教于乐。约翰洛克让这个理论变得更加流行John Newbery 真正实践了这个理念。同学们在做的时候，能够真正听到这个三个人，把名字记好；每个人提出的教育理念需要听清楚。另外心理学的文章，会大量提出假设，观点，例子，验证假设，验证观点，验证例子 Lecture4 一个经常演莎士比亚剧的 theater ，这个 theater 在伦敦，已经被毁了。大家就在讨论这个 theater，的外形是不是圆形的，有记录说这个记录是圆的，有说是六边形的，教授提了这个建筑的缺点，就是在下雨的时候台上是 dry 的，但是观众会 get wet ，有一个 map 比较可信，上面画的这个 theater 是圆的，还有一个 map 画的不是圆的，还有就是一本书上说它不是圆的，但这个书的作者出生的时候个 theater 已经没有了，所以教授觉得不可信。第一个 map 之所以可信是因为那个 map 上面的有些建筑现在还在，然后形状和 map 上的是一样的，所以就觉得 map 上圆形 theater 应该也是对的。解析：文学艺术的文章讨论演莎士比亚的 theater 是否是圆的。

8 月 22 日托福口语真题回忆： s1: what should we do to help the elder in our community? Sample I like to help the old to do the following stuff. First, give them a hand with house chores. Some of them have trouble moving around, if I assist them with housework, they would be really grateful. Take my neighbor as an example, she has been lying on bed for years, I always help her cook and sweep the floor. Second, reading to the elder is a good way to help them get rid of loneliness. Some of the old people live far away from their sons and daughters, and they feel isolated. If I read stories to them, they will feel released and happy, and they rebuild their confidence in life. s2: which do you prefer? watch a movie silently or chatting with others？ Sample I prefer to watch a movie silently for the following reasons. First, I'm a movie buff. Sometimes I go to the movie theatre by myself. That way, I can enjoy the movie and relate the story to my life. If I were accompanied by someone else, I would be disturbed while watching the movie. Last time, I went to the cinema with my classmates, they actually annoyed me. They kept talking during the movie, having popcorns and even taking photos during the movie. I was ashamed of staying with them because I heard other people were judging us. I won't watch movies with them again, and I think it's definitely impolite to talk while others are enjoying themselves. s3: The school should list the menu in the canteen. firstly, the student could know the ingredients of the dish and make a healthier

choice. secondly, the students could eat those food at home and practice cooking skill. The woman agrees with that suggestion. firstly, the student could avoid choosing the unhealthy dishes like sauce with abundant sugar. secondly, the students should have cooking skills after graduation and that policy could help them enhance cooking skills. s4: the professor illustrates the concept of bidirection, which means the kids and parents influence each other. the professor make an example that Max always yells and shouts but her parents always smile back to him. His parents spend more time on him to teach and influence him. s5: a student would prepare for an exam tonight. but an author would make a presentation at the same time. he has two opinions . 1 does not go to the presentation 2 listen the presentation and prepare the exam after the presentation. I think the first opinion is better because the student could have a good sleep and it could be helpful for the exam. s6: the professor illustrate why many insects release chemical material. firstly the insects do so to locate where the food is .secondly, the insects do so to mate with each other. 8 月 22 日托福真题回忆：阅读部分机经词汇： altogether=fully tangible=physical sequence=series exploitation=use steadily=unvarying reflect=indicate subsequent=later 第一篇考生回忆：本文主要讲述的是对于测算地球年龄的各种尝试。一共是三个方法。

第一个方法是试图通过计算演化的速率来来推断地球年龄。演化的速率是由生物来化石来推断的，但是这个方法得出来的地球年龄只有几百万年，和真实的地球年龄(46 亿年)相距甚远。这个方法的缺陷有两个，第一个是它默认所有的化石的演化速率是一致的，实际上不是。第二个是一些很古老的化石极度缺失，导致计算结果有偏差。第二个方法是试图通过海洋里面的沉淀物的厚度来推断地球年龄。具体的计算方法就是用总体沉淀物的厚度除以每年沉淀的厚度就得到沉淀所花费的时间。这个方法误差还是很大，主要是缺陷在于很多沉淀物与别的沉淀物混合在一起，形成新的沉淀物。还有一些沉淀进入了水循环，测算不到。第三个方法是试图通过推算海洋的年龄来推算地球的年龄，因为地球诞生之初就有海洋。然后科学家(哈雷爵士，发现哈雷彗星)认为可以通过计算海里的含盐量来计算海洋的年龄，方法是把海洋的总含盐量除以平均每年进入海洋的盐量来最终得出海洋存在的年龄。同样，这个方法计算出来的偏差也是很大，比地球实际年龄少了 50 倍。但是这个方法已经是这个几个方法里面最靠谱的了，因为它支持了达尔文和赫胥黎等对于演化速率的观点。总体而言还是很有指导意义的。第二篇考生回忆：本文讲述旧石器时代的起源。最初科学家以为它是起源于欧洲，因为很多化石正是了这一点。后来再非洲也挖掘出代表人类文明的工具，更重要的是，其年代比欧洲更古老，由此重新修订了关于旧石器时代起源的答案。然而，后来又在澳洲发现了同样久远的人类工具。文章的后面讲述了科学家如何论证旧石器时代源于非洲，但是缺乏实在的物质证据，也不能解释欧洲的问题。第三篇考生回忆：讲的是静止型与运动型的两种蜥蜴。静止型的蜥蜴靠眼睛来观察和捕捉猎物，猎物一般都比较大。运动型的蜥蜴主要靠化学线索，一般捉到的是一群集中的小猎物。然后谈到了他们的捕食习惯影响了被捕获的可能。静止型的蜥蜴经常被运动型的捕食者捕获，而运动型的蜥蜴则是相反。最后说他们的能源获取方法。静止型主要靠无氧呼吸，爆发力好;而运动型主要靠有氧呼吸，持续性强，同时由大心脏，供血充足。【Task1】是在问你愿意为老年中心的人做点啥。回忆一下之前我讲过的机经: Which of the following volunteer work would you choose and why? (1) Working as a home tutor

(2) Helping adults to read (3) Providing transportation for elder people [091108 CN] If you could do one thing for your community, what will you do and why? 论刷机经的好处就在于机经的 3 选 1 的题经常会为我们提供其他题的语料。第一道题不就为第二道题提供语料了吗?而 8 月 22 日的 Task1 不就是第二道题的变形吗。(同学们，考前机经还是要刷起来啊) 那么，随便选一个呗。教他们识字吧。但是咱们貌似不能一天之内教会吧亲们? 所以换一下罗，给他们读新闻呗! Brainstorm 一下：给老人读新闻 opportunity to learn → stay updated lonely → intimate care eg. grandma uneducated → eager to learn 注意，这道题，咱们把一件事儿说清楚就行了。如果你非要正反面答法，那就简单说说别的点坏处，不要展开，比如补一刀说最后一个选项的坏处就是你自己暂时还买不起车，所以实现不了。参考答案： If I ever had the chance to do something with the elderly in a senior center. I would definitely choose to read some news to them because it’ll provide them an opportunity to learn more about the current trends. For most seniors, such as my grandma, she didn't have the luxury of going to a proper school when she was young so it was very difficult for her to read about stuff in a book or in a newspaper. And some of them are very eager to be updated with what’s really going on domestically or internationally. Moreover, old people in the senior centers are very lonely, so I think it will mean a lot to them if someone is patient enough to read some news to them intimately. 注意：观点理由一两句话快速搞定，重点放在举例子上。发挥你的小学神功，总分结构走起来。说太多怎么办?别忘了在最后几秒快速切到 that’s why 来补刀，

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