2001 年上海华东师范大学普通心理学及中国地理考研真题 普通心理学 一、简述下列术语（每小题 3 分，共 30 分） 1、反射 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 2、适应 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 3、前摄抑制 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 4、幻想 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 5、随意注意 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 

6、社会性需要 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 7、图式（schema） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 8、个性 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 9、多重趋一避冲突 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 10、气质 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 二、论述题（每题 10 分，共 70 分） 1、试述距离知觉和知觉物体距离的线索。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

______________________________________________ 2、试述短时记忆及其基本特点。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 3、试述沙赫特一辛格的情绪理论。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 4、试述知识、技能和能力三者之间的区别与联系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 5、试述冯特心理学体系的主要内容和基本思想。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 6、试述信息加工的认知心理学的基本观点。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 7、试评述人本主义心理学的现状、对心理学的贡献及其发展前景。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

______________________________________________ 中国地理 1. 试从全国一级自然区划阐述中国自然环境的区域差异与区域特征!（30 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 2.试论我国南水北调工程的自然背景及其社会经济意义!（30 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 3.试述开放改革以来我国宏观区域发展政策及其对不同地域经济发展的影响!（40 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________