2001年上海华东师范大学植物生理学考研真题.doc-资料库

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2001 年上海华东师范大学植物生理学考研真题一、概念解释 1.根系吸水途径 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 2.根压的产生 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 3.质子泵学说 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 4.自由能与水势 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 5.光周期诱导 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 6.胁迫蛋白

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 7.水氧化钟模型 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 8.细胞信息系统 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 9.诱导共振与激子传递 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 10.光合电子和质子传递复合体 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 二、填空

三、问题 1.举例阐述植物生长发育过程中受基因调控的生理变化。（5 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 2.阐述光敏色素所参与的植物生理活动。（10 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________ 3.阐述光化学烟雾的形成和对植物的危害。（5 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 四、实验题 1.用纸层析法分离叶绿素时，操作过程如下述所示鲜叶片→（1）丙酮匀浆提取→过滤→（2）用毛细管在层析纸上点样→（3）点样纸置于放有展层剂的大试管中→（4）在大试管上加盖→（5）半小时后看结果请对有关事项给以说明（10 分）（1）是否可用 60%丙酮提取?解释理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ （2）为什么点样后等样液干燥后才可以点下一次? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ （3）点好样液的层析纸放入大试管中时应注意那些问题? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ （4）试管上为什么要加盖? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________ （5）如果层析的几条图谱带呈现扭曲，可能是有哪些原因引起的? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 2.植物的组织培养是现代生物工程技术之一，我们应用烟草为外植体进行组织培养，程序如下∶ 烟草叶片切块洗净→（1）灭菌消毒→→→→→→→（2）无菌操作接种→（3）培养基的配制→→于三角烧瓶中→灭菌消毒。请对有关事项给以说明（10 分）（1）材料的消毒灭菌可用哪些方法，应注意什么问题? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ （2）操作时为防止污染应注意什么? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ （3）pH 一般以多少为宜?请说明理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 3. 植物组织的水分状况可用质壁分离法和小液流法等测定，前者是通过显微镜观察细胞的质壁分离状况而确定，后者是观察兰色液滴的升降而确定。两种测定方法有何本质区别?哪种方法更反映植物本身的客观水分状况?请说明理由。（6 分）4.6 月份收获的冬小麦的种子要在当年 9 月份做萌发实验，你有什么好方法?（4 分）

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