2010年河南大学考博英语真题.doc

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2010 年河南大学考博英语真题注意：1、答案必须做在答题纸上，做在本试卷上一律不得分。 2、不得在试题和答题纸上作任何与答题无关的标记，否则以作弊论处。 Part 1. Vocabulary Directions: In this part there are 30 incompletes. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then put your choice in the corresponding blank on the Answer Sheet.(15%,0.5point for each ) 1. When she was a student, his father gave him a monthly towards his expense. A currency B pay C allowance D permission 2. The newly built Science Building seems enough to last a hundred years. A spacious B sophisticated C substantial D steady 3. There is an undesirable nowadays to make firms showing violence. A direction B tradition C phenomenon D trend 4. Competition, they believe, the national character rather than corrupt it. A enforces strengthens B confirms C intensifies D 5. Man closes his eyes quickly when a fly suddenly rushes to his face, we can call it the of human being. A volunteer B stimulation C instinct D nature 6. Without a wholehearted to a keen forward-looking vision and a deep insight, you can not be a leader. A obligation B determination C resolution D commitment 7. John planned to take part in the competition but had to on account of the car accident. A. break out B get out C drop out D look out 8. My university courses are not really to the needs of the students or their future employers. A associated B relative C geared D sufficient 9. The population question courses as well as well as some other issues is going to be discussed when the congress is in again next spring. A assembly convention B session C conference D 10. When at the party, be sure not to form the person who tries to encourage you in conversation. A turn away B turn down C turn off D turn back

11. We were so fascinated by the Yangtze River that we spent hours sitting no its bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts. A median B mighty C measurable D maximal 12. Accuracy and expressiveness are two in translation, the first is to express the exact thought of the original article and the second is to make the translation readily understood. A acquisitions B requisites C requests D inquires 13. All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read the letters from their families. A affectionate B sentimental C intimate D sensitive 14. Although the pay is not good, people usually find social work in other way. A payable B respectful C grateful D rewarding 15. It is well known that Knowledge is the condition for expansion of mind. A incompatible B incredible C indefinite D indispensable 16. Teachers set up those for no other purpose than to challenge the students to overcome them. A. principles B obstacles C standards 17. Try as we would, they could not be brought to give their D goals . A consent B complaint C content D completion 18. My passport last month, so I will have to get a new one. A elapsed B expired C ended D terminated 19. Today paper houses are holding up well under the forces of nature and are more people than at first. A furnishing B containing C providing D accommodating 20. During the night a person’s temperature may drop one or two degrees, and it can be difficult to him in the morning if his body hasn’t become hot yet. A arise B arouse C arouse D rise 21. In order to their difference, both generation must realize that the world has changed, that new responses are necessary for many of the problems of society. A deduce B reconcile C complement D compensate 22. The most efficient of practice or study sessions varies with the kind of material being learned. A distinction B distribution C diversion domination 23. This is the first draft of the books. Please feel perfectly free to D it. A cope with B comment on C complain D confirm 24. If you can convince the interviewer of your special qualifications, your change

of being accepted will be greatly . A appreciated B encouraged C frustrated D enhanced 25. An extra part was added to the house in 1850, which spoilt the of its front. A symmetry B synthesis C strategy D similarity 26. Interest rates generally in a cyclical manner depending upon the strength and weakness of the economic. A flush B flatten C minimizing D magnifying 27. Unlike a judge, who must act alone, a jury discusses a case and reaches its decision as a group, thus the effect of individual bias. A maximizing B strengthening C minimizing D magnifying 28. I column. A express acknowledge with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new B confess C verify D 29. Knowledge, experience and pleasure can be from good reading. A deprived B derived C ensured D guaranteed 30. It was a small country house but it was large urban standards. A at B for C with D by Part II Structure Directions: In this part there are 15 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then put your choice in the corresponding blank on the Answer Sheet.（15%，1 point for each） 31. I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time the last bus. A to have caught B to catch C catching D having caught 32. Great efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage avoided. A is to be B can be C will be D has been 33. He wasn ’ t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, insufficiently popular with all members. A being considered B considering C to be considered D having considered 34. Help will come from the UN, but the aid will be near what’s needed. A everywhere B somewhere C nowhere D anywhere 35. For there successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present. A is B to be C will be D being 36. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.

A so that that B but that C in that D provided 37. Scientists generally agree that the Earth’s climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years it has warned in the 20,000 years since the Ice Age. A as long as B as much as C as soon as D as well as 38. The business of each day, selling goods or shopping them, went quite smoothly. A it being B be it C was it D it was 39. for her anthropological research. Miss Meal also was involved with the World Federation Mental Health. A Noted primarily B Nothing primarily C Being primarily noted D having primarily noted 40. Tom slowed down his walking pace, himself for acting so foolishly, for there was nothing to fear in a town as quiet as this. A. ashaming of B to be ashamed of C ashamed of D having ashamed of 41. Collin’s struggle to make a place for herself as ballet is the kind of life story a fascinating novel might be written. A of which B about which C by which D for which 42. I know nothing about the matter I have read in the newspaper A. but what B but that C in that D beyond what 43. The number of registered participants in this year ’ s marathon was half . A of last year’s B those of last year’s C of that of last year’s D of those of last year 44. It isn’t cold enough for there a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim’ s car out quite safely. A would be B being C was D to be 45 The quality of teaching should be measured by the degree the students’ potentiality is developed. A of which B with which C in which D to which Part III. Reading Comprehension Directions: In this part there are three passages. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. After reading the passage, you should decide on the best choices and then put your choice in the corresponding blank on the Answer Sheet. (30%, 2point for each) Question 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. When we think of creative people the names that probably spring to mind are those

of men such as Leonardo da Vinci, Albert Einstein, and Pablo Picasso, i.e. great artists, inventors and scientist — a selected and exceptionally gifted body of men with rare talent and genius. The tendency to regard creativity and imaginative thinking as the exclusive of lucky few disregards the creative and imaginative aspects inherent in the solution of many of the tasks we regularly have to face —— the discovery and development of new methods and techniques, the improvement of old methods, existing inventions and products. Everyone has creative ability to some extent. Creative thinking involves posting oneself a problem and then originating or inventing a solution along new and unconventional lines. It involves drawing new analogies, discovering new combinations, and/or new applications of things that are already known. It follows, then, that a creative person will exhibit great intellectual curiosity and imagination. He will be alert and observant with a great store of information which he will be able to sort out and combine, in the solution of problems. He will be emotionally receptive to new and unconventional ideas and will be less interested in facts than in their implications. Most important of all, he will be able to communicate uninhibitedly and will not be too concerned about other people’s reaction to his apparently “crazy” notions. People called the Wright brothers mad but it did not stop them from becoming the first men to construct and fly a heavier-than-air craft. 46. The author believes that creative thinking . A is only possessed by great artists B requires rare talent and genius C is needed in the solution of many problems. D belongs to a lucky few 47. In order to solve scientific problems, people A should not be afraid of what others think B should be mad C must possess crazy notions 48. Creative thinking involves D should have inhibitions A drawing new pictures of old things B observing the action of great people C finding the problems and originating a solution D discovering new emotion 49. A creative person should A not be interested in facts they imply B look at facts for what C be more interested in applying new ideas than in facts D be emotional when he looks at facts 50. Which is the following is true? A. A creative person is emotional B Creative people are few and lucky C Most people are creative D Anyone has some creativity Question 51 to 55are based on the following passage.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught— to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, gave him the answer book. Let him correct him own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end all nonsense of grades, exams, marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own outstanding, how to know what they know or do not know. Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life in nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say,“But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get on in the world”Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it. 51. What does the author think is the best way for the children to learn things? A by copying what other people do B by making mistakes and having them corrected C by listening to explanations from skilled people D by asking a great many questions 52. What does the author think teachers do which they should not do? A .They give children correct answer B They point out children’s mistakes to them C They allow children to mark their own work D They encourage children to copy from one another 53. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are . A. not really important skills

B more important than other skills C basically different from learning adult skills D basically the same as learning other skills 54. Exams, grades and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be estimated by . A. educated persons C the children themselves B teachers D parents 55. The author fears that children will grow up into adults who are . A too independent of others C unable to think for themselves skills B too critical themselves D unable to use basic Question 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge.(facts) Even in the true science distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited (使不相信). The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion. The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that and specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at stratifying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes — for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. Is this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science. Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their finding would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists

dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic(抱歉) about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied. 56. To define science we may simply call it . A the study of unrelated fields B classified knowledge C the study of unrelated subjects D an attempt to explain natural phenomena 57. Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, . A is not always as pure as we suppose B necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell C may lead to antiscientific, “impure” results D necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery a cell 58. Which of the following statements does the author imply? A. In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction B Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science C Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries D Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science. 59. A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach . A. pure science B. environmental science C. applied science D. agricultural science 60. The best title for the passage is . A Hypotheses and Theories B On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction C The Nature of Science and Scientists D Biology and the Scientific Age Part IV. Translation Directions: Read the following passage and translate it into Chinese. Put your translation on the Answer Sheet. (20%). Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and general and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year ,or manured a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conquer or general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savage is good, but it is not be civilized.

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