2003 年上海华东师范大学动物学考研真题 一、名词解释 （每小题 5 分，共 50 分） 1 胞囊和芽孢 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2 皮肤肌肉囊和皮肌细胞 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3 面盘幼虫和担轮幼虫 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 4 皮鳃和书鳃 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 5 焰细胞和孔细胞 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 6 变态和逆行变态 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 7 腺胃和瘤胃 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 8 旅鸟和留鸟 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 9 颊窝和题窝 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 10 种群和群落 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 二、简答题 （每题 10 分，共 40 分） 1 真体腔和假体腔有何异同?在动物进化上有什么意义? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 

2 简述轮虫或校角类（水蚤）的生活史，并说明其经济价值。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3 简述鱼类调节体内盐水平衡的途径。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 4 简述动物四大组织的特点 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 三、 论述题（每题 20 分，共 40 分） 1 详述各门无脊椎动物动物消化系统（原生动物消化胞器）的特点， 以及与其生活的适应 性。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2 以家鸽和家兔为例，比较鸟类和哺乳动物呼吸系统的结构特点， 并说明其与呼吸方式的 关系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 四、 实验题 （每题 10 分，共 20 分） 1 提供实验用活体蝗虫，要观察其马氏管和气管的形态结构，请你 写出实验操作步骤，简 

要说明马氏管和器官的区别。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2 提供实验用活体蟾蜍，要观察其排泄系统的结构，请你写出实验 操作步骤，并简要说明 各器官的外形特征。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________