INGRID DAUBECHIES
Rutgers University
and
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Ten Lectures on
Wavelets
SOCIETY FOR INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
PHILADELPHIA,
PENNSYLVANIA 1992
Copyright 1992 by the Society for Industrial
and Applied Mathematics
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced,
transmitted
For information,
3600 University
write the Society for Industrial
City Science Center, Philadelphia,
in any manner without the written permission
of the Publisher.
and Applied Mathematics,
Pennsylvania
stored, or
19104-2688.
Second Printing 1992
Third Printing
1994
Fourth Printing
Fifth Printing
1997
Sixth Printing
1995
1999 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication
Data
Daubechies, Ingrid.
Ten lectures on wavelets / Ingrid Daubechies.
p. cm. - (CBMS-NSF regional conference
series in applied
mathematics; 61)
Includes bibliographical
ISBN 0-89871-274-2
1. Wavelets (Mathematics)-Congresses.
references
and index.
I. Title. II. Series.
QA403.3.D38 1992
515' .2433-dc20
92-13201
sianL. is a registered
trademark.
To my mother,
To my father,
in science.
who gave me the will to be independent.
who stimulated
my interest
iii
Contents
Vll INTRODUCTION
Density and Orthononnal Bases
xi PRELIMINARIES AND NOTATION
CHAPTER 1: The What, Why, and How of Wavelets
17 CHAPTER 2: The Continuous Wavelet Transfonn
53 CHAPTER 3: Discrete Wavelet Transfonns: Frames
107 CHAPTER 4: Time-Frequency
129 CHAPTER 5: Orthononnal Bases of Wavelets and Multiresolution
167 CHAPTER 6: Orthononnal Bases of Compactly Supported
215 CHAPTER 7: More About the Regularity
251 CHAPTER 8: Symmetry for Compactly Supported Wavelet Bases
289 CHAPTER 9: Characterization
313 CHAPTER 10: Generalizations
341 REFERENCES
353 SUBJECT INDEX
355 AUTHOR INDEX
and Tricks for Orthononnal Wavelet Bases
of Functional
Spaces by Means of Wavelets
Analysis
Wavelets
of Compactly Supported Wavelets
v
I ntrod uction
tool with
development
rate. There are several
origins
and
in applied
ago (Morlet
ics. Their
mathemat
(1984)); in the last ten
, Arens, Fourgeau,
On the one hand, the concept
coding), physics (coherent
(study of Calder6n
rea
of wavelets
can be
or thirty
the last twenty
states, renormalization
s). As a
operator
-Zygmund
appeal
of these interdisciplinary
to scientists
, wavelets
are a fairly
hand, wavelets
backgrounds. On the other
Already
of possible
a great variety
applications.
(sound, images)
(some
applications
analysis
in signal
Martinet
, Morlet
and Grossmann
(1987), Mallat
and numerical
, (1989c); more recent references
analy
in Beylkin, Coifman, and Rokhlin
also
Wavelets are a relatively
recent
name itself
was coined
approximately
a decade
and Giard (1982), Morlet
and Morlet
(1983), Grossmann
in them has grown at an explosive
years interest
success.
present
sons for their
as a synthesis
of ideas which originated
viewed
during
years in engineering
(subband
group), and pure mathematics
consequence
of many different
engineers
mathematical
simple
they have led to exciting
early
references
are Kronland-
(1989b)
sis (fast algorithms for integral
(1991)); many other
contributes
I delivered
This book contains
CBMS conference
of Lowell, Massachuset
at the University
partment
ces, other
format of the CBMS conferen
R. Coifman,
K. Grochenig,
A. Cohen,
J. Liandrat
lectures
and A. Willsky)
provided
and inverse
problems
three
were organized,
workshops
analysis
(H. Feichtinger),
by B. DeFacio
(chaired
), group theory
of researchers
and signal
analysis
and other scientists
in the field of wavelets as well as of mathematicians
who knew little
engineers
group constituted
on wavelets
a tutorial
for more recent work
grounding
exposed
about two thirds
sequently,
(G. Battle,
work related
to physics
on applications
consisted
active
to learn more. This
second
I saw it as my task to provide
which would then be a solid
as the principal
speaker
De
ts. According
, S. Mallat, B. Torresani,
to the usual
G. Beylkin, C. Chui,
to the interest
on wavelets
they generate.
ten lectures
organized
about wavelets and hoped
part of the audience.
to this part of the audience,
by the
of my lectures
other lecturers
Con
of "basic wavelet
consisted
in June 1990 by the Mathematics
applications
transforms
are being studied
on their
to wavelets. Moreover,
and myself.
theory,"
(M. Vetterli). The audience
and harmonic
are given later)
. This wide applicability
at the
speakers
and
the largest
vii