2018 年山东省中国海洋大学英语翻译基础考研真题 I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each.(30') 1. 日益网络化的世界 2. 生产和盈利能力 3. 极地涡旋 4. 海外同胞 5. 互相尊重领土主权和领土完整 6. 错峰用电 7. 中标 8. 环保汽车 9. 无公害食品 10. 应急预案 11. 号脉 12. 下不为例 13. 人肉搜索 14.媒体炒作 15. 违约 16. emission trading 17. carrying capacity of environment 18. doping control 19. undertake laps of honor 20.in red ink 21. shale gas 22. think tank 23. nepotism 24. carbon offset 25. smart grid 26. balance of payment 27.borrow short 28. desalination 29. agreement on ozone depletion 30.context and register II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. Ifthe source text is in Chinese, its target language is English.(120') Source Text 1: 

It seems as if a great deal were attainable in a world where there are so many marriages and decisive battles, and where we all, at certain hours of the day, and with great gusto and dispatch(津津有味且迅速 ),stow a portion of victuals(食 物)finally and irretrievably into the bag which contains us. And it would seem also, on a hasty view, that the attainment of as much as possible was the one goal of man's contentious life. And yet, as regards the spirit, this is but a semblance. We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars,and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have. An aspiration is a joy for ever, a possession as solid as a landed estate,a fortune which we can never exhaust and which gives us year by year a revenue of pleasurable activity. To have many of these is to be spiritually rich.Life is only a very dull and ill- directed theatre unless we have some interests in the piece; and to those who have neither art nor science,the world is a mere arrangement of colours, or a rough footway where they may very well break their shins(胫骨). It is in virtue of his own desires and curiosities that any man continues to exist with even patience,that he is charmed by the look of things and people, and that he wakens every morning with a renewed appetite for work and pleasure. Desire and curiosity are the two eyes through which he sees the world in the most enchanted colours: it is they that make women beautiful or fossils interesting: and the man may squander(挥霍)his estate and come to beggary,but if he keeps these two amulets (护身符)he is still rich in the possibilities pleasure. Suppose he could take one meal so compact of and comprehensive that he should never hunger any more; suppose him, at a glance, to take in all the features of the world and allay the desire for knowledge; suppose to do the like in any province of experience -- would not that man be in a poor him way for amusement ever after? Source Text 2: 文学翻译的最高标准是“化”。把作品从异国文字转变成另一国文字，既能不 因语文习惯的 差异而露出生硬牵强的痕迹，又能完全保存原有的风味，那就算 得入于“化境”。十七世纪 有人赞美这种造诣的翻译，比为原作的“投胎转世”,躯 壳换了一个，而精神姿致依然故我。 但是， 一国文字和另一国文字之间必然有 距离，译者的理解和文风跟原作品的内容和形式 之间也不会没有距离，而且译 者的体会和他自己的表达能力之间还时常有距离。从一种文 字出发，积寸累尺 地度越那许多距离，安稳到达另一种文字里，这是很艰辛的历程。 一路 上颠顿 风尘，遭遇风险，不免有所遗失或受些损伤。因此，译文总有失真和走样的地 方， 在意义或口吻上违背或不尽贴合原文。那就是“讹”,西洋谚语所谓“翻译者 即反逆者”。“媒” 

和“诱”当然说明了翻译在文化交流里所起的作用。它是个居间 者或联络员， ……仿佛做 媒似的，使国与国之间缔结了“文学因缘”。