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Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
Preface
List of Figures
1 Basics
1.1 Hello, Fluid Simulator
1.1.1 Defining State
1.1.2 Computing Motion
1.1.3 Boundary Handling
1.1.4 Visualization
1.1.5 Final Result
1.2 How to Read This Book
1.2.1 Getting the Codes
1.2.2 Reading Codes
1.2.2.1 Languages
1.2.2.2 Source Code Structure
1.2.2.3 Naming Conventions
1.2.2.4 Constants
1.2.2.5 Arrays
1.2.3 Reading Math Expressions
1.2.3.1 Scalar, Vector, and Matrix
1.3 Math
1.3.1 Coordinate System
1.3.2 Vector
1.3.2.1 Basic Operations
1.3.2.2 Dot and Cross Product
1.3.2.3 More Operations
1.3.3 Matrix
1.3.3.1 Basic Matrix Operations
1.3.3.2 Sparse Matrix
1.3.4 System of Linear Equations
1.3.4.1 Direct Methods
1.3.4.2 Indirect Methods
1.3.5 Field
1.3.5.1 Partial Derivative
1.3.5.2 Gradient
1.3.5.3 Divergence
1.3.5.4 Curl
1.3.5.5 Laplacian
1.3.6 Interpolation
1.3.6.1 Nearest Point
1.3.6.2 Linear Interpolation
1.3.6.3 Catmull–Rom Spline Interpolation
1.4 Geometry
1.4.1 Surface
1.4.2 Implicit Surface
1.4.3 Implicit Surface to Explicit Surface
1.4.4 Explicit Surface to Implicit Surface
1.5 Animation
1.6 Physics-Based Animation
1.6.1 Getting Started
1.6.2 Physics Animation with Example
1.6.2.1 Choosinga Model
1.6.2.2 Simulation State
1.6.2.3 Force and Motion
1.6.2.4 Time Integration
1.6.2.5 Constraints and Collisions
1.7 Fluid Animation
1.7.1 Gravity
1.7.2 Pressure
1.7.3 Viscosity
1.7.4 Density Constraint
2 Particle-Based Simulation
2.1 Seeing the World Like Seurat
2.2 Data Structures
2.2.1 Particle System Data
2.2.2 Particle System Example
2.2.3 Neighbor Search
2.2.3.1 Searching Nearby Particles
2.2.3.2 Caching Neighbors
2.3 Smoothed Particles
2.3.1 Basics
2.3.1.1 Kernel
2.3.1.2 Data Model
2.3.1.3 Interpolation
2.3.1.4 Density
2.3.1.5 Differential Operators
2.3.2 Dynamics
2.3.2.1 Solver Overview
2.3.2.2 Pressure Gradient Force
2.3.2.3 Viscosity
2.3.2.4 Gravity and Drag Forces
2.3.3 Results and Limitations
2.4 Incompressible SPH with Larger Time-Step
2.4.1 Predict and Correct
2.4.2 Implementation
2.4.3 Results
2.5 Collision Handling
2.5.1 Defining Colliders
2.6 Discussion and Further Reading
3 Grid-Based Simulation
3.1 Pixelating the World
3.2 Data Structures
3.2.1 Types of Grids
3.2.2 Grid System Data
3.3 Differential Operators
3.3.1 Finite Difference
3.3.2 Gradient
3.3.3 Divergence
3.3.4 Curl
3.3.5 Laplacian
3.4 Fluid Simulation
3.4.1 Collision Handling
3.4.1.1 Collider to Signed-Distance Field
3.4.1.2 Boundary Conditions
3.4.2 Advection
3.4.2.1 Semi-Lagrangian Method
3.4.2.2 Improving Back-Tracing Accuracy
3.4.2.3 Improving Interpolation Accuracy
3.4.2.4 Boundary Handling
3.4.3 Gravity
3.4.4 Viscosity
3.4.4.1 Solving Diffusion with Forward Euler
3.4.4.2 Stability of Diffusion Solver
3.4.4.3 Solving Diffusion with Backward Euler
3.4.4.4 Boundary Handling
3.4.5 Pressure and Incompressibility
3.4.5.1 Building Matrix
3.5 Smoke Simulation
3.5.1 Buoyancy Force
3.5.2 Advection and Diffusion
3.6 Fluid with Surface
3.6.1 Defining Surface on Grids
3.6.1.1 Tracking the Surface under the Flow
3.6.1.2 Reinitializing Signed-Distance Field
3.6.2 Free-Surface Flow
3.6.3 Results
3.7 Discussion and Further Reading
4 Hybrid Solvers
4.1 Why Hybrid?
4.2 Particle-in-Cell Method
4.2.1 Particle-to-Grid Transfer
4.2.2 Grid-to-Particle Transfer
4.2.3 Moving Particles
4.2.4 Results
4.3 Fluid-Implicit-Particle Method
4.3.1 Results
4.4 Other Methods
4.4.1 Particle Level Set Method
4.4.2 Vortex Particle Method
4.5 Discussion and Further Reading
Appendices
A More on Basics
A.1 CG and PCG Implementation
A.2 Adaptive Time Stepping
B More on Particles
B.1 SPH Kernel Functions
B.2 PCISPH Derivation
C More on Grids
C.1 Vector and Matrix for Grids
C.2 Iterative System Solver
C.2.1 Jacobi Method
C.2.2 Gauss–Seidel Method
C.2.3 Conjugate Gradient Method
References
Index
FLUID ENGINE DEVELOPMENT T&F Cat #K25519 — K25519_C000 — page i — 10/21/2016 — 17:12
T&F Cat #K25519 — K25519_C000 — page ii — 10/21/2016 — 17:12
FLUID ENGINE DEVELOPMENT Doyub Kim Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business A N A K P E T E R S B O O K T&F Cat #K25519 — K25519_C000 — page iii — 10/21/2016 — 17:12
CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper Version Date: 20161019 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-1992-6 (Pack - Book and Ebook) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmit- ted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Kim, Doyub, author. Title: Fluid engine development / Doyub Kim. Description: Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor &  Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic  division of T&F Informa, plc, [2017] | Includes bibliographical references  and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016028981 | ISBN 9781498719926 (hardback : acid-free paper) Subjects: LCSH: Hydrodynamics--Data processing. | Fluids--Computer simulation. Classification: LCC QA911 .K485 2017 | DDC 532.00285/66--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016028981 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com T&F Cat #K25519 — K25519_C000 — page iv — 10/21/2016 — 17:12
To my wife. T&F Cat #K25519 — K25519_C000 — page v — 10/21/2016 — 17:12
T&F Cat #K25519 — K25519_C000 — page ii — 10/21/2016 — 17:12
Contents Preface List of Figures 1 Basics 1.2.3.1 1.3.4 1.2.3 Reading Math Expressions Languages Source Code Structure 1.1 Hello, Fluid Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Defining State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2 Computing Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.3 Boundary Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.5 Final Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 How to Read This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 Getting the Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2 Reading Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2.2 1.2.2.3 Naming Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2.4 Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2.5 Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scalar, Vector, and Matrix . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.1 Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.2 Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.2.1 Basic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.2.2 Dot and Cross Product . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.2.3 More Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.3 Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.3.1 Basic Matrix Operations 1.3.3.2 Sparse Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System of Linear Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.4.1 Direct Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indirect Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.4.2 1.3.5 Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.5.1 Partial Derivative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.5.2 Gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi xiii 1 1 1 3 4 6 12 12 13 13 13 13 14 15 15 20 20 21 21 21 24 26 27 33 33 36 37 38 38 42 45 47 vii T&F Cat #K25519 — K25519_C000 — page vii — 10/21/2016 — 17:12
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