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Java SAP R/3 Integration November 2004 Abstract Enterprises of all descriptions have long sought to integrate and manage all their information assets within a single system. The goal remains elusive because enterprises create and store their assets in a myriad of disparate systems - relational databases, mainframes, different operating systems, hierarchical repositories, and so on. Using new and existing assets in an efficient, integrated, and interchangeable manner has become the key to surviving, and thriving in the new economy. SAP remains the world leader in enterprise-software domain, with over 11000 installations worldwide. With over 60% of market share in ERP segment, it becomes an obvious choice for the EAI and EII product vendors to target SAP R/3 Enterprise as a data source, and therein emerges the need for integration. With the emergence of Java as a platform for developing enterprise applications and its portability across different Operating Systems, it becomes the obvious platform for integration with SAP R/3 Enterprise. Keywords: SAP R/3, RFC, BAPI, IDoc, JCo Author: Manoj Gangwani Persistent Systems Private Limited P E R S I S T E N T W H I T E P A P E R

Java SAP R/3 Integration Contact details Persistent Systems Private Limited, "Bhageerath", Senapati Bapat Marg, Pune, India 411 016 Telephone: +91 (20) 2567 8900 Fax: +91 (20) 2567 8901 Email: whitepapers@persistent.co.in Web: http://www.persistent.co.in Publication and copyright details Copyright © 2004 Persistent Systems. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from Persistent Systems. Written and printed in India. The information furnished herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Persistent Systems for its use, or for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use.  Persistent Systems Private Limited 2 of 17

Java SAP R/3 Integration TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Aim Intended Audience SAP R/3 Enterprise Overview Architecture Integration Interfaces Remote Function Calls (RFC) SAP BO, BOR and BAPI Application Link Enabling (ALE) and IDocs Java SAP R/3 Integration SAP Java Connector (JCo) Implementing JCo Client Creating Connection Pool Creating Repository Creating Function Template Creating Function Getting Connection Providing Inputs Executing Function Accessing Output Destroying Connection Pool Issues Performance Connection Pooling Use a Fresh Function Object Use Only One Repository Inactive Table Parameters Appending Multiple Table Rows Synchronization 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 9 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13  Persistent Systems Private Limited 3 of 17

Java SAP R/3 Integration BAPI, State, and Commit Appendix Terms Sample Code Reference 13 14 14 14 17  Persistent Systems Private Limited 4 of 17

Java SAP R/3 Integration Introduction Aim This section provides you an overview of the SAP R/3 Enterprise, different integration interfaces exposed by it and integration of an application with SAP R/3 using Java platform. This white paper assumes that you already know Java. Some knowledge of SAP is also desirable, but you should be able to get by even if you don’t know much about SAP. This document will cover all aspects of integration with SAP R/3 Enterprise using Java as a platform. Intended Audience This document is intended for developer(s)/architect(s) embarking on EAI/EII projects involving integration with SAP R/3. They will find this document suitable for obtaining a quick overview of the SAP R/3 Enterprise and different integration interfaces exposed by the same. It will also give them a quick overview of the SAP’s Java Connector, with some details on the issues involved in such integration projects. SAP R/3 Enterprise Overview SAP’s R/3 System has set new norms for standard software that can be universally implemented. R/3 uses advanced development techniques to achieve comprehensive integration of business administration and data processing. It combines state-of-the-art technology with comprehensive business administration functionality to provide a fully integrated business solution for an enterprise. SAP stands for Systems Applications and Products for data processing. Architecture SAP R/3 is event-driven transaction processing software for business events in an organization’s primary value chain. Transaction processing systems supported by enterprise software are most concerned with the day-to-day needs of a business in conducting its on-going activities.  Persistent Systems Private Limited 5 of 17

Java SAP R/3 Integration Figure 1: SAP R/3 Enterprise Architecture The R/3 Basis is the software that implements SAP three-tier client/server architecture. It consists of application modules and application servers, which are distinct components. The application modules support all of a company’s business transactions and are integrated interactively. All application modules share data through the R/3 database, which contains the data for all modules. Integration Interfaces Remote Function Calls (RFC) A Remote Function Call (RFC) is the call of function module in a partner system. The caller is the RFC client and the called partner is the RFC server. RFC is based on the known RPC model from the UNIX-TCP/IP environment. RFC in SAP environment is based on a CPI-C interface implemented by SAP.  Persistent Systems Private Limited 6 of 17

Java SAP R/3 Integration Figure 2: Remote Function Call The remote call of a function module is easier for an application programmer to use than program-to-program communication, because data is exchanged only using predefined parameters. SAP BO, BOR and BAPI SAP Business Objects (BO) Business model objects for the real world (for example, employees, customer orders, and so on) are reproduced in R/3 as business objects. A business object encapsulates the business processes and the data linked to it. These objects can be seen as being multi-layered.  Persistent Systems Private Limited 7 of 17

Java SAP R/3 Integration Figure 3: SAP Business Object (BO) The innermost layer is made up of the actual data and its structures. The second layer maintains integrity. It represents the business logic of the object and describes the business rules and limitations for the business object. The interface layer describes the implementation and structure of the object. The interface layer allows access to the attributes, methods, and events that are defined for the object. SAP Business Object Repository (BOR) The Business Object Repository (BOR) contains the SAP business object types and SAP interface types as well as their components, such as methods, attributes, and events. The BOR has the following functions: • Enables an object-oriented view of the R/3 System data and processes. • Arranges the various interfaces in accordance with the component hierarchy. • Manages BAPIs in release updates. SAP Business Application Programming Interface (BAPI) SAP BAPIs provide developers with stable, reliable interfaces for accessing the functionality offered by SAP business objects. BAPIs can reduce the development cost by providing built-in functionality through predefined methods of the SAP business objects. These methods can reduce programming time in deployment projects.  Persistent Systems Private Limited 8 of 17

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