1999 年上海华东师范大学英美文学考研真题 I. Identify the following items:(16%) Examples: John Webster:a dramatist under James I The Dunciad:a satirical poem by Alexander Pope Catherine Morland: a female character in J.Austen's novel Northamger Abbey 1. Ben Jonson 2. James Macpherson 3. Elizabeth Gaskell 4. E.E.CummingS 5. Ralph Ellison 6. The Battle of Maldon 7. Gammer Gurton's Needle 8. Modern Painters 9. Annabel Lee 10. Rabbitt i}. Beyond the Horizon 12. Tradition and the Individual Talent 13. Rhetoric of Fiction 14.Jay Gatsby 15. Fitzwilliam Darcy 16. Rebecca Sharp I.Explain briefly the following terms:(16%) 1. The Shakespearean sonet 2. The Metaphysical Poets 3. Transcendentalism 4. Regionaism in America II. Answer TWO of the following questions:(18%) 1.What is the social significance of Oliver Twist? 

2.What are the artistc characteristics of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finm? 3.What is the central idea ofT.S.Eliot's The Waste Land? IV.Write a short essay of no less than 500 words commenting on ONE of the following two passages: (50%) PASSAGE ONE: "Out, Out--" The buzz-saw snarled and rattled in the yard And made dust and dropped stove-length sticks of wood, Sweet-scented stuff when the breeze drew across it. And from there those that lifted eyes could count Five mountain ranges one behind the other Under the sunset far into Vermont. And the saw snarled and rattled, snarled and rattled. As it ran light, or had to bear a load. And nothing happened: day was all but done Call it a day,I wish they might have said To please the boy by giving him the half hour That a boy counts so much when saved from work. his sister stood beside them in her apron To tell them"Supper."At the word,the saw, As if to prove saws knew what supper meant, Leaped out at the boy's hand. However it was. Neither refused the meeting. But the hand! The boy's first outcry was a rueful laugh, As he swung toward them holding up the hand Half in appeal, but half as if to keep The life from spilling. Then the boy saw all-- Since he was old enough to know. big boy Doing a man's work, though a child at heart-- He saw all spoiled. Don't iet him cut my hand off- The doctor, when he comes. Don't let him, sister!? 

So.But the hand was gone aiready. The doctor put him in the dark of ether. He lay and puffed his lips out with hisbreath. And then--the watcher at his pulse took fright. No one believed. They listened at his heart. Little--less--nothing!--and that ended it. No more to build on there. And they, since they Were not the one dear, turned to their affairs. Robert Frost PASSAGE TWO STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament,and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for omament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too muchfor ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is thehumor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience:for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at largc,cxccpt they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed,and some few to be chewed and digested;that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy,and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; 

conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore,if a man write little, he had need have a great memory: if he confer little.he had nccd have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise;poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body. may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast: gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering.iet him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little,he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study 197 the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt. Francis Bacon