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小型校园网的设计与组建.doc

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实验十二 小型校园网的设计与组建 12.1 实验目的 计算机网络是一门实践性较强的技术,课堂教学应该和实践环节紧密结合。计算机网络 实验培养学生具有独立进行计算机网络架构和设计能力,提高学生的网络设备使用水平,以 及将理论与实践相结合的能力。 12.2 实验环境及设备 2 台路由器、2 台交换机、3 台 PC 机 12.3 实验的内容和要求 根据要求,设计并搭建一个校园网。要求进行子网划分和结构设计,并将网络结构建立 起来。最后完成网络设备的调试。 12.4 实验说明 某大学分为总校和分校,为该校设计校园网,总校有一个局域网共 20 台计算机,分校 由 VLAN 划分为两个局域网,分别有 10 台计算机。该校被分配了一个 C 类网段 210.100.10.0, 总校和分校各有一台路由器及一台交换机。请进行网络设计,将总校和分校各个局域网连接 起来。 根据要求,设计 IP 地址分配表,设计网络结构,画出网络拓扑图。 根据设计搭建网络结构。 配置网络设备,完成网络调试。 提示: 1)使用 IP 子网掩码的原理设计 IP 地址分配表。 2)用到的设备为两台路由器,以及两台交换机。 思考: 1)要使总校局域网能够与分校两个局域网通信,如何配置静态路由? 2) 如果分校两个局域网分别有 20 台主机,交换机快速以太网口是否够用?如不够用,则 如何解决该问题?
一、实验设计 IP 地址分配表 网段 总校 网络号 210.100.10.32 路由器之间 210.100.10.64 210.100.10.96 分校网段 1 分校网段 2 210.100.10.128 网络拓扑图 子网掩码 子网号 起始 IP 地址 结束 IP 地址 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.224 001 010 011 100 210.100.10.33 210.100.10.65 210.100.10.97 210.100.10.129 210.100.10.62 210.100.10.94 210.100.10.126 210.100.10.158
二、实验配置 (一)本人做分校的交换机和路由器配置 分校交换机配置 SwitchA>enable 14 Password: Switcha#configure terminal !进入全局配置模式 SwitchA(config)# SwitchA(config)#vlan 10 SwitchA(config-vlan)#exit SwitchA(config)#vlan 20 SwitchA(config-vlan)#exit switchA(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-10 switchA(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10 SwitchA(config-if)#exit SwitchA(config)#interface range fastethernet 0/11-20 SwitchA(config-if-range)#switchaport access vlan 20 SwitchA(config-if)#exit SwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/24 SwitchA(config-if)#switchaport mode trunk SwitchA(config-if)#end SwitchA#show vlan //对 switchA 的配置进行验证 VLAN Name ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 1 10 default network2 active active Status Ports Fa0/23,Fa0/24 Fa0/1 ,Fa0/2 ,Fa0/3 ,Fa0/4 Fa0/5 ,Fa0/6 ,Fa0/7 ,Fa0/8 Fa0/9 ,Fa0/10,Fa0/24 Fa0/11,Fa0/12,Fa0/13,Fa0/14 Fa0/15,Fa0/16,Fa0/17,Fa0/18 Fa0/19,Fa0/20,Fa0/24 20 network3 active SwitchA# Press RETURN to get started! 分校路由器配置 R2632>en 14 Password:
R2632#con Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2632#con Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2632(config)#interface serial 4/0 R2632(config-if)#ip address 210.100.10.66 255.255.255.224 R2632(config-if)#clock rate 64000 R2632(config-if)#no shutdown R2632(config-if)#exit R2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0 R2632(config-if)#no ip address R2632(config-if)#no shutdown R2632(config-if)#exit R2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.10 R2632(config-subif)#no ip address R2632(config-subif)#exit R2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.10 R2632(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10 R2632(config-subif)#ip address 210.100.10.97 255.255.255.224 R2632(config-subif)#exit R2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.20 R2632(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20 R2632(config-subif)#ip address 210.100.10.129 255.255.255.224 R2632(config-subif)#end R2632# Configured from console by console //对分校路由器配置验证 OK? IP-Address(Pri) 210.100.10.66/27 no address 210.100.10.129/27 210.100.10.97/27 no address no address no address R2632#show ip interface brief Interface serial 4/0 serial 4/1 FastEthernet 3/0.20 FastEthernet 3/0.10 FastEthernet 3/0 FastEthernet 3/1 Null 0 R2632#con Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2632(config)#ip route 210.100.10.32 255.255.255.224 210.100.10.65 R2632(config)#end R2632# Configured from console by console YES YES YES YES YES YES YES R2632#show ip route Status UP DOWN UP UP DOWN DOWN UP
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 * - candidate default 210.100.10.32/27 [1/0] via 210.100.10.65 210.100.10.64/27 is directly connected, serial 4/0 210.100.10.66/32 is local host. 210.100.10.96/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet 3/0.10 210.100.10.97/32 is local host. 210.100.10.128/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet 3/0.20 210.100.10.129/32 is local host. Gateway of last resort is no set S C C C C C C R2632# R2632 CON0 is now available Press RETURN to get started 小组另一成员做主校交换机和路由器配置 主校交换机配置 switchA>en 14 Password: switchA#show vlan VLAN Name ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 1 default active Status Ports Fa0/1 ,Fa0/2 ,Fa0/3 ,Fa0/4 Fa0/5 ,Fa0/6 ,Fa0/7 ,Fa0/8 Fa0/9 ,Fa0/10,Fa0/11,Fa0/12 Fa0/13,Fa0/14,Fa0/15,Fa0/16 Fa0/17,Fa0/18,Fa0/19,Fa0/20 Fa0/21,Fa0/22,Fa0/23,Fa0/24 switchA#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. switchA(config)#vlan 30 switchA(config-vlan)#exit switchA(config)#exit switchA#configure Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. //创建 vlan
switchA(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-20 //将 1-20 端口划入 vlan30 中 switchA(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 30 switchA(config-if-range)#exit Switch (config)# interface fastethernet 0/24 Switch (config-if)# switchport mode trunk !配置 trunk 端口 Switch (config-if)# end switchA(config)#exit switchA#show vlan VLAN Name ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 1 //对 switchA 的配置进行验证 default Status Ports active Fa0/21,Fa0/22,Fa0/23,Fa0/24, 30 VLAN0030 active Fa0/1 ,Fa0/2 ,Fa0/3 ,Fa0/4 Fa0/5 ,Fa0/6 ,Fa0/7 ,Fa0/8 Fa0/9 ,Fa0/10,Fa0/11,Fa0/12 Fa0/13,Fa0/14,Fa0/15,Fa0/16 Fa0/17,Fa0/18,Fa0/19,Fa0/20 Fa0/24 switchA# Press RETURN to get started! 主校路由器配置 //查看路由器的端口 R2632>en 14 Password: R2632#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2632(config)#show ip interface brief Interface serial 4/0 serial 4/1 FastEthernet 3/0 FastEthernet 3/1 Null 0 R2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.30 R2632(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 30 R2632(config-subif)#ip address 210.100.10.33 255.255.255.224 R2632(config-subif)#exit R2632(config)#show ip interface brief IP-Address(Pri) no address no address no address no address no address OK? YES YES YES YES YES Status DOWN DOWN DOWN DOWN UP
Interface serial 4/0 serial 4/1 FastEthernet 3/0.30 FastEthernet 3/0 FastEthernet 3/1 Null 0 R2632(config)#exit R2632# Configured from console by console IP-Address(Pri) no address no address 210.100.10.33/27 no address no address no address OK? YES YES YES YES YES YES Status DOWN DOWN DOWN DOWN DOWN UP R2632#con Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2632(config)#interface serial 4/0 R2632(config-if)#ip ad R2632(config-if)#ip address 210.100.10.65 255.255.255.224//设置交换机 ip 地址和子网掩 码 R2632(config-if)#no shutdown R2632(config-if)#end R2632# Configured from console by console R2632#show ip interface brief Interface serial 4/0 serial 4/1 FastEthernet 3/0.30 FastEthernet 3/0 FastEthernet 3/1 Null 0 R2632#con Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2632(config)#ip route 210.100.10.96 255.255.255.224 210.100.10.66 路由表 R2632(config)#ip route 210.100.10.128 255.255.255.224 210.100.10.66 R2632(config)#end R2632# Configured from console by console IP-Address(Pri) 210.100.10.65/27 no address 210.100.10.33/27 no address no address no address DOWN DOWN UP Status UP DOWN UP // 写 入 静 态 OK? YES YES YES YES YES YES R2632#show ip route //对主校路由器配置验证 Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
* - candidate default Gateway of last resort is no set C C C C S S R2632# 210.100.10.32/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet 3/0.30 210.100.10.33/32 is local host. 210.100.10.64/27 is directly connected, serial 4/0 210.100.10.65/32 is local host. 210.100.10.96/27 [1/0] via 210.100.10.66 210.100.10.128/27 [1/0] via 210.100.10.66 三、实验测试 主校 IP:(pc1) 分校 pc2
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