2017年5月托福真题回忆及解析.doc

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2017 年 5 月托福真题回忆及解析信念和斗志宜聚，懈怠和悲观宜散，我们的斗志因信念而燃起，不懈怠、不悲观，落实每一个知识点。无忧考网搜集整理了 2017 年 5 月托福真题回忆及解析，希望对大家有所帮助。 2017 年 5 月举行了 2 场考试，时间分别为 5 月 6 日、5 月 13 日。以下内容仅供参考。 5 月 6 日托福口语真题回忆： T1 The university decides to remodel the dormitory and add a new I suppose most of us would like to have a new study room. There are two reasons. The first reason is it can help us study. Nowadays, GPA becomes more and more important for college students. Good grades can help us in getting an ideal job after graduation. First 是逻辑词，让论述结构清晰，简介明了地引出第一个原因，举一个细节例子——学习好了有利于找工作。 The second reason is during the final exams, an additional study place will be necessary for us. At that time there will be crowds of people getting up early to study in our library. It will be difficult to have a seat in there. So if we can have an additional study room in our dormitory, it will be much more convenience when our library is full of people. Second 和 First 一样，作为逻辑词使论述层次更清晰。接着简洁明了概述第二个原因，举第二个例子——期末图书馆占不到座位，最好是有个多的学习室。 T2 All people should be required to stop working and retire by age 65. Do you agree or disagree? Personally, I agree with this proposal. There are two reasons. 直接明确地表明支持还是不支持这个观点，然后用平行结构列举两个论点。 On the one hand, requiring people to retired at 65 can leave more opportunity to young people. So it will be easier for the young to find a position. On the one hand，注意逻辑结构，引出第一个原因。用一个例子支持该论点 ——老人强制退休，给年轻人让出更多的工作岗位。 On the other hand, being forced to retire at 65 doesn‘t mean retired people will do nothing and just stay at home. One can develop a new hobby different from his original job. For example, a math professor may get interested in history after he regains enough time in retirement. Thus may save people from life-long repetitive work and lead them into a brand new world. On the other hand，与 on the one hand 配套使用，适用于说明两个原因。阐述第二个原因：老人退休以后可以拥有工作之外的爱好，丰富生活。最后举一个例子——数学教授退休之后可能会对历史产生兴趣。

T3 阅读标题：Laundry Room Renovation 学生们抱怨空间太小，机器太少，等待时间长，所以决定把 Eastwood basement 扩建一下。期间暂时停用，使用 Greenwood 的洗衣机。听力态度：disagree 原因 2：Greenwood 要绕过校园。花费的时间很长，尤其是衣服多的，可能需要走好几次，花的时间更长 In the passage, the university is going to have the laundry room renovated to add more laundry machine and dryers because students always complain about long waiting time when using the laundry room. However, the man thinks it is unnecessary. His first reason is that students pour into the laundry room only at weekends. If they come during the weekdays, they don’t need to wait for so long. The second reason is the laundry room will shut up if it begins to be renovated. And students will have to take their laundries far away outside school to get them washed. It will be very inconvenient. T4 定义：开放性的群体，对外来者不封闭的，而是愿意接受新成员的。新成员可能带来在以前群体的知识。听力例子：雌性黑猩猩 chimpanzee 结束青春期后可能选择新的群体，就会带来自己以前学习到的知识和技能。例如一个黑猩猩在以前的的群体里学习到可以用棍子去捅蚂蚁洞，诱使蚂蚁出来以吃的的群体里学习到可以用棍子去捅蚂蚁洞，诱使蚂蚁出来以吃 This passage introduces a concept called permeable group. This notion means there are certain groups which are welcome to new comers. And thus will lead to the spread of some useful behavior. In the lecture, the professor takes chimpanzee as an example. A female chimpanzee can move from one group to another. And during its moving, it will teach other group members a practical technique to find food. That is a chimpanzee can thrust a stick into the ant hole. The ants will climb on the stick and then the chimpanzee can fetch back the stick and eat the ants on it. T5 问题: 男生看到一则以比较优惠的价格出售一个品牌鼓的广告，但是距离比较远，天气正冷，他需要乘车前往。优点 1 : 可以多穿点衣服，让自己暖和点。缺点 1 : 车的供暖系统坏掉了，要到下周才去修。解决方案 2 : 租车 In the conversation, the man wants to buy a drum from a person who lives an hour away. So he needs a car to get there. He has two solutions. The first one is using the car of his friend. However, it is winter and the car’s heating system has been broken. So it can be very cold this way. The second solution is to rent a car with good heating system but it will be much expensive. I suppose the first solution is better because even if

the car has a bad heating system, the man can wear more clothes to keep warm. And also in this way, he can save some money for future use. T6 例子 1：艺术老师授课的时候反馈时间应在教学期间内，以便学生可以及时练习所给的建议。要点 2：focus on the work, not on the students themselves 例子 2：学生如果画的不好，可以给出一些具体的建议，一边学生知道如何进步，比如告诉他色彩有哪些问题，而不是说他是个 bad painter。 The professor talks about two characteristics of effective feedback. The first characteristic is feedback must be properly timed. For example, in a painting class, teacher should give students feedback before the class is over. So the students can try recommended techniques in teacher’s feedback in their painting. The second characteristic is feedback should focus on students’ work, not on students themselves. For example, if a student use wrong color in his painting, the teacher should tell him to change another color in his future painting rather than just tell him he is a bad painter. 5 月 6 日托福写作真题回忆：综合阅读: 美国的一种叫 auklet 的海鸟出现了 die-off 的情况。 1.可能是由于在发生 die-off 之前的夏天，auklet 的数量激增，导致对于食物的竞争加强，有些 auklet 就饿死了。 2.Auklet 可能接触 sea stars 的时候，感染了 sea stars 病毒，导致 Auklet 死亡。听力：以上列举的没有一个能够解释 auklet 的 die-off. 1.竞争可能会导致一些 auklet 的数量减少，但是不会导致这么多 auklet 的死亡，并且食物和 auklet 之前的平衡没有办法修复。 2.如果是少了病毒感染的话，那么 auklet 会带有相应的病毒，但是研究发现，死去的 auklet 上面并没有病毒存在。 3.其他的一些以 zooplankton 为食的动物没有发生死亡现象。为什么只有 auklet 出现了这个情况，这说不通。解析： The writer presents three reasons to explain why auklets in America died off. However, the professor demonstrates a different idea that these reasons are all unconvincing. To question the first reason presented in the passage that auklets might die from starvation because of their large population and the relative little food, the professor points out that the balance between the number of a species and the food availability could actually be balanced. Therefore, even we assume that auklets would need to compete with each other for food because the number of them had increased in the previous summer and some of them didn’t win that competition and

died, the food then would be enough for those auklets that had remained alive. In this case, they would not completely die out. Another important point showed in the reading material is that auklets might be infected by some deadly virus from sea stars. But the professor presents a conflicting idea that scientist didn’t find this kind of virus in auklets’body. It is strange that they got infected by virus but didn’t had any in their body. The second reason in the reading passage is wrong again. Finally, the professor states that zooplankton still could not be the reason for auklets’ die-off. Because there are other sea animals that also feed on zooplankton but they are not affected. This challenges the third theory made by the writer who says that the drop of zooplankton’s quality caused the die-off of auklets. 独立 Do you agree or disagree: It is impossible to always be completely honest with your friends? 题目分析：同意不同意类中的单一论述题。话题与朋友相关，但是关键词除了 friends 之外， impossible, always 和 honest 都提示我们这个题目属于一个抽象类题目。所以我们采用抽象题目具体化的方式展开思路。 No matter in the past or at present, it is undeniable that people keep making friends through their life time. A large proportion of them hold a viewpoint that in order to maintain long-standing friendship with others, we should always be honest with them. This is understandable and in most cases, commendable. However, after careful consideration about friendship, being completely honest with friends is definitely impossible. Here are some reasons and examples to support my view. 此题目与 4 月 15 号的独立题目属于同一话题，所以开头段第一句和第二句可以有所借鉴。如果是不同的题目，第三句跟在普遍或是别人的观点之后，也可以有所保留。在表达总观点上，添加确定性的副词增强语气。开头段末尾加上过渡句。 First, for the sake of maintaining friendship with others, being honest unconditionally is the last thing in the world we should choose. For example, when a friend is in preparation for a really important English speech competition, it is meaningless to point out that he is not going to win that competition and he is wasting time if he spends time on it, even the truth is that he speaks terrible English and has no logic in writing his speech draft. As friends, we should not and cannot say so when we are given such situation. If you do choose being honest in this case, this friendship will possibly be over and that friend’s feelings will be hurt so badly that he may blame you. Alternatively, you can help him practice his oral English and together with him correct the mistakes in his speech draft, rather than being so honest that sacrifice your friendship with him. 本段的分论点是为了维护友谊，不能一直完全诚实。但是因为此分论点也较为抽象，所以论证部分全部用的举例。在分论点的道理比较显而易见或者是不好说理论证的时候，全部举例不失为一种好方法。

Second, considering the characteristic of friendship, sometimes we cannot be completely honest with friends in terms of our own issues. For example, the password of our bank account should be avoided to tell friends. And the financial situation is not something we ought to be honest with them. What is more illustrating, the fact that you hate your boss cannot be shared with your friends from work and you think someone you and your friend both know is not a kind person cannot be shared with that friend. The former may very much likely get you be fired and the latter may possibly lead that two people to defriend with you. Similarly, when your break up with your girlfriend, it is unnecessary to be honest with your friends about the reason. And when you are sick or bankrupt, you cannot tell any friend that you need help. Doing so will only make your friends leave you unless they are bosom ones who are willing to sacrifice time and their hard-earned money to help you out. As we can see from above explanation, it is impossible and not beneficial to always be completely honest with friends. 本段的分论点自身的某些事情，不应该也不能够对朋友完全诚实。跟上段一样，论述部分是举例，但是为了跟上一个主体段的论述方法区别开来，采用了归纳法中的举例方式，也就是用一些相关相似的小事实，得出分论点的结论，而非具体举例了。 But I am not saying that we should not be honest with friends. Being honest is respectable and may also bring some benefits to both of the two friends and contributes to the friendship sometimes. For example, if you points out the shortage of your friend honestly, he may overcome that shortage and become a better man, which in turn, will enhance your friendship with him since he will appreciate you for this. Unfortunately, things will not always going like this, especially when you have embarrassed him while being honest with your friend. And regarding personal issues, being completely honest with friends sometimes is showing trust and intimacy; nevertheless, doing so is also filling your friends’ life with trivial things to deal with. As time goes by, that friend may feel too exhausted to be friend with your anymore. Then, you will have no friend to be honest with. 辩证段体现辩证思维。 All in all, it is stupid to always tell the truth in friendship and doing so is in effect impossible. Considering the particular nature of friendship, being reserved with friends is more practical and contributable. But lying to friends is by no means a wise choice and it is better for us to not say anything rather than lie to them when something is not suitable for them to know. 5 月 6 日托福阅读真题回忆：第一段描述 electrotype 这种新兴科技使得杂志能够更快的被打印出来，

并使得 Pictorial weekly 这种型号较大的新闻杂志发展起来，该杂志往往有很多的 illustration 插画。第二段描述使得 pictorial weekly 发展起来的第二个关键因素就在于 photography。daguerreotype 这种早期的相片的出现使得早起相片里常见的人像广为流传，能让艺术家在离肖像模特十分远的地方也能够按照杂志里的图片做出画作。第三段说明照片对于杂志的影响不单单在于提供了插画的主题上，还使得艺术家在创作插画时会模仿早期相片的感觉。因为人们觉得，比起艺术作品，相片更能够传递真实感。第五段说，插画的主题从 comic 变得更为 formality. 虽然 comic 的倾向仍然在部分杂志里有所保留，但是新的趋势是更为注重节制，礼节（propriety ）. 2.Emergence-development 3.Routinely-often 本文共四段。第一段讲了有实验表明当被引入了 predator 的时候，prey 就会被 predator 捕食殆尽，然而因为是人为条件下的结果，我们有理由认为在自然环境中并非如此。因为 predator 会失去自己的 food resource 之一，所以会选择将 prey 保留到可持续的水平。第 2 段说明了捕食影响物种分布的第一种方式是 prey switching。在某种 prey 比较少时，就会转向其它的猎物。例如 lynx 和 wolf 是它两个 predator。当 hareshoe 这种新的 prey 被引入当地时，hareshoe 大量繁殖,lynx 的数量也大幅上升。但 hareshoe 随后出现了周期性的上升和下降，而每当其上升时，lynx 的数量上升，而其数量下降时， lynx 就会转而去吃原来是 wolf 的猎物 caribou。因此通过转换，lynx 自己的数量稳定的同时可以让 hare shoe 有时间恢复。第 3 段讲 predator 可能通过阻止更为 voracious 的 predator 来控制 prey 数量。例如有一种鸟栖息在一种树的树顶上，食用一种 bug，该鸟类数量下降的同时发现该 bug 数量也在下降，而树长得比较繁茂。推测虽然这对树不利，但可能是该鸟可以保护该 bug 不受到其它更为 competitive 的动物的捕食。第 4 段说明还可以通过 reduce pressures between two species 来影响物种的分布。存在两个物种竞争时，一般一种会淘汰另一种，随后占取所有资源。Predator 可以控制两者的数量到较低的水平，使其中较弱的一方不至于被灭绝。词汇题：第一段说商业和科技的结合不仅导致了一些用具和物品的产生，也促进了一些大的系统的发展，例如 20 世纪初美国的电网。电力的采用不仅促进了电力公司的发展，替代了传统的能源，对社会各个方面也有较大的影响。第二段先说电灯的使用更加安全，不易引起火灾，也促进了一些需要精细运作的产业，利用新闻业在晚间可以使用电灯照明。其次说发电机的比起传统的能源来源要更加便利，使得用电力发电的机器操作起来也更加的有效，和 profitable. 第三段说明电网的发展对美国工业的地理分布产生了巨大的影响。原来的能源需要靠近水或煤，但是现在的地点就更为集中在城市，因为城市的电网集中。第四段说明公众用了很长时间决定电力最终归私有而非归国有。导致的结果是城市里的电网系统的高度发展，而 1920s 为止，仍有大片的农村地区是没有电的，因为电力公司认为在这些广袤的区域发展电力是不划算的。 5 月 6 日托福听力真题回忆：内容回忆：学生去找 receptionist 说明自己目前做一个研究项目，想去拍

一节学生们上课的录像，需要和工作人员确认下时间，学生想知道明天是否可以，工作人员说拍录像之前需要获得学生的同意，也就是需要参与的学生们提前填写一份类似调查问卷的同意书，还有如果要拍摄的话需要提前 3 天左右提交一份已经获得准许拍摄的证明，学生说到，那可能来不及，因为下周就要开始项目了，工作人员还问学生是否就她一个人来负责拍摄工作，学生说还有另外两位同学，工作人员说那还需要提交一份关于费用的申请说明，学生最后总结说这些程序太麻烦了。内容回忆：学生去找 professor 谈论关于他做的 Microbeat 相关的项目的费用方面的问题，教授的意思是学生的项目花费有点多，可以适当减少，研究的范围太广了，教授建议学生研究的范围可以聚集在一些小的问题上面，比如校园的水问题上面，不必放在海洋的水方面，还有第二点如果要分析结构的话，可以在一些固定的地方收集样品，并给出了一些可以收集样品的地方，学生最后表示接下去有好多工作要做，会根据建议进行相应的修正的。 Lecture1： art history 内容回忆：一开始讲述了 conceptual art 的概念，即凡是能够引发人们思考的作品，都是成功的艺术作品，主要介绍了两位艺术家的作品，第一位是 Joseph Kesuth 的 one and three chairs ,这个作品中并且没有真的出现 chair,但是可以让人们联想到 chair，介绍完一系列的特点之后，教授说了一句 good work for JK(后面有考题，问题教授对 KJ 的态度)；第二个艺术家是 William Wegman,先说了他的一个作品是 Spelling lesson ，说这个作品和他之前的作品特点不一样，接着说了他的第二个作品是一些关于 dogs dressing in human clothes 的照片，体现了荒诞主义的观点。内容回忆：教授一开始说到电子书可能会改变未来的图书馆但是有些 rare books 还是需要保存下来的，书比较容易损坏，很容易受到光线的破坏，空气里的其他一些气体也会破坏书的纸张，举了一个用 seal off 氧气来保存美国宪法文件的例子，接着提问道如何保存 rare books,首先要控制好光线，那么光线的数量要控制到什么程度呢？一个男同学回答到，需要控制到人们能够看见的程度，讲了自己一次参观的经历，因为光线太暗，根本看不清楚书上面写了什么，教授说到，关于控制光线的量是有 guideline,接着有解释了很多情况下 guideline 并没有用，最终能够确定光线数量的方式是需要通过一种叫做 data-logger 的技术。 Lecture3：Child development 内容回忆:儿童在很早的时候就会开始模仿成人的行为，但是在这个过程中也会出现 over-imitation，接着给出定义：儿童会把成人演示过程中所有相关和不相关的动作全部模仿，教授以教儿童打开盒子的盖子为例子，说明第一阶段，展示出所有打开盖子必要的动作之后，儿童会照着一样做打开盖子，然后第二阶段，展示出所有打开盖子必要的动作之外还加了一些不必要的动作，但是儿童也会跟着模仿，并不能区分哪些动作是必要的哪些动作是不必要的，接着有位同学提问原因，教授说关于儿童过度模仿的原因有很多，可能是儿童并不能区分出来哪些是必要的哪些是不必要的，及这些动作之间的因果关系。 Lecture4：Physical science 内容回忆：教授一开始给出了 citizen science 的概念，即一些非专业人士参与从事科学研究项目，接着举了 aerogel 这种来自太阳系之外的物质的例子，说到研究者们会拍摄很多关于这种物质的照片，然后需要去区分是不是这种物

质，由于照片很多，工作量巨大，所以需要其他人员协助，这个时候就可以通过一些志愿者来做这件事情，但是这个过程需要有人监督，确保这些志愿者在正确的做这件事情，有个女同学就提问了，那如果我的电脑下载不了一些软件的话，是不是就没有办法参加志愿者活动了，教授说到，有些项目是可以在网站上面进行的，不一定要下载软件，介绍接着说到一个例子，接着有个男同学提问说听起来像是在做生物学的研究，不像地理学，接着教授举了收集 microbes 的例子来说明，表面看起来是在收集 microbes，像是生物学，但其实是在研究低重力下 microbes 相关的情况，所以其实是和天文学相关的。 5 月 13 日托福口语真题回忆： T1 There is going to have students’ TV show. which show would you like to watch. Please Give your reasons. A.Interview school leaders I will definitely choose comedy show coz first, we are under a substantial amount of academic pressure everyday, like, each one of us has to deal with endless presentations, group discussions, experiments or paper writings, so we really need to unwind and blow off steam; comedy show can provide the needed relaxation, so when we get back to study, we will be more efficient; second, I think comedy show provides an interesting topic for us to communicate with each other, and we can make new friends and enlarge our social circle. T2 Some people want to change their appearance, even by surgery. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons. Well, I think taking plastic surgery is acceptable. First, people have the rights to become better and improve their life quality in the way they desire. Just like people regularly work out in gym to keep a good figure or read a lot of books to enrich their minds, plastic surgery is another way for them to set up confidence and upgrade themselves. A beautiful face or attractive figure could certainly add to charms and offer people more desirable opportunities both in career and life. Second, with the rapid development of the medicine and technology, the risks and hazards associated with plastic surgery have been greatly minimized, so long as people go to a reliable hospital and take sufficient precautions, their choice of taking plastic surgery should be respected. T3 阅读标题：mentor program 原因 1：可以知道职业规划的知识原因 2：为以后的就业做准备听力态度：disagree T4 定义：skimming 是指一些科技，创新的产品新出的时候，高售价。过了一段

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