2016 年广东财经大学英语写作与翻译考研真题 考试年度：2016 年 考试科目代码及名称：804-英语写作与翻译 适用专业：050201 英语语言文学 ［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］ Part I Writing （100 分） （1） Summary Writing (1 题，共 40 分) Directions : Read the following passage and summarize its contents in 120-150 words. You must not copy complete sentences directly from the passage, which will incur deduction of your scores. The early 1600s saw the beginning of a great tide of emigration from Europe to North American. Spanning more than three centuries, this movement grew from a trickle of a few hundred English colonists to a flood of millions of newcomers. Impelled by powerful and diverse motivations, they built a new civilization on the northern part of the continent. The English immigrants to what is now the United States crossed the Atlantic long after thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies and South America. Like all early travelers to the New World, they came in small, overcrowded ships. During their 6-12weeks voyages, they lived on meager rations. Many died of disease; ships were often battered by storms and some were lost at sea. Most European emigrants left their homelands to escape political oppression, to seek the freedom to practice their religion, or for adventure and opportunities denied them at home. Between 1620 and 1635, economic difficulties swept England. Many people could not find work. Even skilled artistans could earn little more than a bare living. Poor crop yields added to the distress. In addition, the Industrial Revolution had created a burgeoning textile, which demanded an ever-increasing supply of wool to keep the looms running. Landlords enclosed farmlands and evicted the peasant in favor 

of sheep cultivation. Colonial expansion became an outlet for this displaced peasant population. The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a vista of dense woods. The settlers might not have survived had it not been for the help of friendly Indians, who taught them how to grow native plants – pumkin, squash, beans and corn. In addition, the vast, virgin forests, extending nearly 2,100 kilometers along the Eastern seaboard, proved a rich source of game and firewood. They also provided abundant raw materials used to build houses, furniture, ships and profitable cargoes for export. Although the new continent was remarkably endowed by nature, trade with Europe was vital for articles the settlers could not produce. The coast served the immigrants well. The whole length of shore provided innumerable inlets and harbors. Only two areas—North Carolina and southern New Jersey – lacked harbors for ocean-going vessels. Majestic rivers – the Kennebec, Hudson, and numerous others – linked lands between the coast and the Appalachian Mountains with the sea. Only one river, however, the St. Lawrence – dominated by the French in Canada – offered a water passage to the Great Lakes and into the heart of the continent. Dense forests, the resistance of some Indian tribes and the formidable barrier of the Appalachian Mountains discouraged settlement beyond the coastal plain. Only trappers and traders ventured into the wilderness. In the 1630s, arbitray rule by England’s Charles I gave impetus to the migrantion to the New World. The subsequent revolt and triumph of Charles’ opponents under Oliver Cromwell in the 1640s led many cavaliers—“king’s men ” – to cast their lot in Virginia. In the German-speaking regions of Europe, the oppressive policies of various petty princes—particularly with regard to religion—and the devastation caused by a long series of wars helped swell the movement to America in the late 17th and 18th centuries. 

The coming of coloniest in the 17th century entailed careful planning and management, as well as considerable expense and risk. Settlers had to be transported nearly 5,000 kilometers across the sea. They needed utensils, clothing, seed, tools, building materials, livestock, arms and ammunition. In contrast to the colonization policies of other countries and other periods, the emigration from England was not directly sponsored by the government but by private groups of individuals whose chief motive was profit. (598 words) （2） Essay Writing (1 题，60 分) Directions : Some companies like to employ yonger and enthusiatic people, other companies like to employ older and experienced people. If you were a boss, which kind of people would you like to employ? Give reasons and specific examlpes to illustrate your answer. Write an essay according to the directions in about five hundred words. Part II Translation(50 分) （1） English-Chinese Translation : Translate the following passage into Chinese (25points) A great many worries can be diminished by realizing the unimportance of the matter which is causing the anxiety. I have done in my time a considerable amount of public speaking; at first every audience terrified me, and nervousness made me speak very badly; I dreaded the ordeal so much that I always hoped I might break my leg before I had to make a speech, and when it was over I was exhausted from the nervous strain. Gradually I taught myself to feel that it did not matter whether I spoke well or ill, the universe would remain much the same in either case. I found that the less I cared whether I spoke well or badly, the less badly I spoke, and gradually the nervous strain diminished almost to a vanishing point. A great deal of worry can be dealt with in this way. Our doings are not so important as we naturally suppose; our successes and failures do not after all matter very much. Even great sorrows 

can be survived; troubles which seem as if they must put an end to happiness for life fade with the lapse of time until it becomes almost impossible to remember their poignancy. But over and above these considerations is the fact that one’s ego is no very large part of the world. The man who can centre his thoughts and hopes upon something transcending self can find a certain peace in the ordinary troubles of life which is impossible to the pure egoist. （2）Chinese-English Translation：Translate the following passage into English (25points) 上个世纪，原子的发现和核能的开发利用给人类发展带来了新的动力，极大增强了我们 认识世界和改造世界的能力。同时，核能发展也伴生着核安全风险和挑战。人类要更好利用 核能、实现更大发展，就必须应对好各种核安全挑战，维护好核材料和核设施安全。加强核 安全是一个持续进程。核能事业发展不停步，加强核安全的努力就不能停止。第一，发展和 安全并重，以确保安全为前提发展核能事业。作为保障能源安全和应对气候变化的重要途径， 和平利用核能事业，如同普罗米修斯带到人间的火种，为人类发展点燃了希望之火，拓展了 美好前景。同时，如果不能有效保障核能安全，不能妥善应对核材料和核设施的潜在安全风 险，就会给这一美好前景蒙上阴影，甚至带来灾难。要使核能事业发展的希望之火永不熄灭， 就必须牢牢坚持安全第一原则。（引自：习近平在荷兰海牙核安全峰会上的讲话，节选）