Building Enterprise Applications with WPF and the MVVM Pattern.p....pdf

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Table of Contents

Introduction

Conventions and Features in This Book

Acknowledgments

Errata and Book Support

Chapter 1. Introduction to Model View ViewModel and Line of Business Applications

The Model View ViewModel Pattern

Line of Business Applications

Choosing the Right Technology

Silverlight or WPF?

Microsoft’s UI-Building Tools

Composition of a LOB User Interface

The Menubar

The Toolbar

The Tooltip (and Its Abuse)

Notifications and Alerts

The Ribbon Bar

General Style and Control Considerations

Separation of Concerns

Layers, Tiers, and Services

Summary

Chapter 2. Design Patterns

An Overview of Design Patterns

Classifying Design Patterns

UI Design Patterns

The MVC Pattern

The MVP Pattern

The PM Pattern and MVVM

Advanced Design Patterns and Techniques

The Inversion of Control Pattern

DSLs: Writing Fluent Code

Introduction to TDD

Summary

Chapter 3. The Domain Model

Introduction to Domain-Driven Design

DDD Terminology

Analyzing the CRM Domain

Domain Entity and Data Transfer Object

The POCO Object and the O/RM

Development Approaches of a Domain

Transaction Script

Database-Driven Approach

Domain-Driven Approach

How To Create an Object In DDD

Factory Patterns

Domain Entities Validation

Classic Validation

Validation Using Attributes and Data Annotations

Available Validation Frameworks

Unit Test the Domain Model

Sample Code: The CRM Domain Model

The Person Context

The Order Domain

Summary

Chapter 4. The Data Access Layer

Introduction

The Database and Stored Procedures

Choosing an O/RM

Microsoft Entity Framework

NHibernate

Other O/RMs for .NET

The Unit of Work

Lifecycle of a UoW

Identify a Business Transaction

The Repository Pattern

Test-Driven Development: The Data Layer

Building a Distributed Data Layer with RIA and WCF

Sample Code: The CRM Data Access Layer

A Flexible IUnitOfWork Interface

Mapping the Domain Model Using Entity Framework

Mapping the Domain Using NHibernate

Getting the Tools

The UnitOfWork and the ISession

Summary

Chapter 5. The Business Layer

Introduction

A Business Rule Is Not a Validation Rule

Business Rules by Service

The Facade Pattern

Business Rules by Workflow with WF 4.0

Different Ways of Running a Workflow

Third-Party Toolkits

Technologies for the Data Validation

Rule Engine and Business Rule Engine

Business Layer Considerations

When Do I Need to Create a Business Layer?

Bad BLL Habits

Sample Code: The Business Service Layer

Data Validation with the Enterprise Library 5.0

A Generic Workflow Engine

Service for Business Transactions

Summary

Chapter 6. The UI Layer with MVVM

Introduction to the MVVM Pattern

The View

Blendability: A Dummy ViewModel

The Model

The Command in WPF and Silverlight

A Workaround: An MVVM Command

Re-evaluate ICommand Execution

The ViewModel

The INotifyPropertyChanged Interface

The IDataErrorInfo Interface

DataTemplate in WPF and Silverlight

DataTemplate and MVVM

WeakEvents and Messages

The WeakEvent Pattern

The EventAggregator Pattern

Dialogs and Modal Pop-Ups

Modal View in MVVM

Inversion of Control with MVVM

Sample Code

The Microsoft Office Ribbon and MVVM

Summary

Chapter 7. MVVM Frameworks and Toolkits

MVVM Toolkits

MVVM Light Toolkit, by Laurent Bugnion

MEFedMVVM

Cinch, by Sacha Barber

MVVM and XAML Facilities

Karl Shifflett’s Tools

Radical, by Mauro Servienti

Composite UI Frameworks

Microsoft Prism

Caliburn

Index

About the Author

骂歹 Enterprise with Applications Building Windows·Presentation Fou ndat1on and the Model View ViewModel Pattern Raffaele Garofalo

Building Enterprise Applications with Windows® Presentation Foundation and the Model View ViewModel Pattern Raffaele Garofalo

Published with the authorization of Microsoft Corporation by: O’Reilly Media, Inc. 1005 Gravenstein Highway North Sebastopol, California 95472 Copyright © 2011 Raffaele Garofalo. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright, no part of this document may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), or for any purpose, without express written permission of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Printed and bound in the United States of America. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LSI 6 5 4 3 2 1 Microsoft Press titles may be purchased for educational, business or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (http://my.safaribooksonline.com). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional sales department: (800) 998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com. Visit our website at microsoftpress.oreilly.com. Send comments to mspinput@microsoft.com. Microsoft, Microsoft Press, ActiveX, Excel, FrontPage, Internet Explorer, PowerPoint, SharePoint, Webdings, Windows, and Windows 7 are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. Unless otherwise noted, the example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places, and events depicted herein are fictitious, and no association with any real company, organization, prod- uct, domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred. This book expresses the author’s views and opinions. The information contained in this book is provided without any express, statutory, or implied warranties. Neither the author, O’Reilly Media, Inc., Microsoft Corporation, nor their respective resellers or distributors, will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused either directly or indirectly by such information. Acquisitions and Development Editor: Russell Jones Production Editor: Kristen Borg Production Services: Octal Publishing, Inc. Technical Reviewer: David Hill Indexing: Fred Brown Cover: Karen Montgomery Illustrator: Robert Romano 978-0-735-65092-3

To my wife Deborah. Thank you for everything!

Contents at a Glance 1 Introduction to Model View ViewModel and Line of Business Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Design Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 The Domain Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 3 The Data Access Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 4 The Business Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 5 6 The UI Layer with MVVM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 7 MVVM Frameworks and Toolkits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 v

Table of Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi Conventions and Features in This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii Errata and Book Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xix Introduction to Model View ViewModel and Line of Business Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 The Model View ViewModel Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Line of Business Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Choosing the Right Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Silverlight or WPF? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Microsoft’s UI-Building Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Composition of a LOB User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 The Menubar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 The Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 The Tooltip (and Its Abuse) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Notifications and Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 The Ribbon Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 General Style and Control Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Separation of Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Layers, Tiers, and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2 Design Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 An Overview of Design Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Classifying Design Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 UI Design Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 The MVC Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 The MVP Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 The PM Pattern and MVVM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Advanced Design Patterns and Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 The Inversion of Control Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 DSLs: Writing Fluent Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Introduction to TDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 vii

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