2004 年上海华东师范大学西方经济学考研真题 一、概论题（每题 4 分，共 20 分） 1.替代效应 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 2.纳什均衡 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 3.洛伦茨曲线 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 4.拉弗曲线 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 5.自然失业率 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 二、计算题（15 分） 

已知某垄断厂商的总成本函数为 TC=6Q+0.05Q2，产品的需求函数为 Q=360-20P。 （1）求利润极大时的产品价格、产量和利润。 （2）若政府限定一最高售价以诱使该厂商在这一价格下提供的产量为最大，求这一最高限 价，及厂商提供的产量和利润。 三、简答题（每题 10 分，共 70 分） 1.边际替代率为什么会是递减的? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 2.为什么说 P=AVC 曲线的最低点是厂商的停止营业点? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 3.简要分析寻租及其对社会经济生活的影响。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 4.为什么说一国的 GDP 并不能完全反映该国的国民福利水平? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 5.简要分析财政政策的效果与 IS 曲线及 LM 曲线的斜率之间的关系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 

6.简要分析工资刚性产生的原因。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 7.简要分析成本推进的通胀的形成机制。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 四、论述题（共 45 分） 1.运用委托一代理关系分析我国的国有企业问题。（20 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 2.论述浮动汇率制度下财政扩张政策与货币扩张政策的效果。（25 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________