2001 年上海华东师范大学实验心理学考研真题 名词解释（每题 5 分，共 60 分） 1.习惯误差 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 2.无关变量 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 3.月亮错觉 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 4.双手调节器 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 5.双耳时间差 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 6.单盲实验 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 7.动景盘 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 8.全部报告法 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 9 .两点阈 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 10 .知觉辨认 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 11 .虚惊率 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 12 .警戒水平 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 二 问答题（每题 20 分，共 40 分） 1 指出并分析下面实验中的自变量、因变量和控制变量，并指出此实验得出了什么结果。 莱 博维茨（Ielbowitz.1967）研究了年龄与形状恒常性的关系。在他们 所用的实验仪器中， 首先呈现给被试一个物体·这是一个可以倾斜成各种角 度的图形。实验让被试在四种倾斜 角度的比较刺激中选择一个与观察刺激看 起来同样的形状。这些比较刺激是一系列从圆形 到逐渐拉长的椭圆形。被试 年龄范围从 4~21 岁·实验中许多条件可以利用。图 8-30 是 观察刺激在 两种倾斜角度下不同年龄被试的形状恒常性保持程度曲线。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 2 简述记忆研究的过去、现在和展望（侧重理论和方法上阐述）。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________