1999 年上海华东师范大学旅游学及人文地理考研真题 旅游学 一、名词解释（每题 5 分，共 30 分） 1.游客 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 2.旅游服务 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 3.孔子 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 4.徐宏祖 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 5.中国古代山水文学 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 

6.道家 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 二、判断辨识题（每题 8 分，共 24 分） 注∶先判断是/否，然后简要说明理由。 1.佛教传入我国后所经历的"本土化"过程是否有利于中国文化的发展? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 2.吸引力因素是否属于旅游资源理论的核心? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 3.旅游供给量同旅游价格和闲暇时间存在着正比例变化关系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 三、简述题（每题 8 分，共 16 分） 1.旅游产品特性在旅游经济关系中的体现。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 2.旅游市场细分原则。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 四、分析题（每题 15 分，共 30 分） 1.结合实际谈谈旅游可持续发展理论。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 2.绘图说明两个不同成本结构的旅游企业的经济效益（可设模拟数字） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 人文地理 一、阐述人文地理的研究对象、学科体系和科学性质。（20） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 二、试阐述及评论人文地理学界中有关人地关系理论的诸种论点，并以实际事例说明自己对 人地关系理论的看法。（25） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 三、试阐述我国坚持"独立自主的和平外交政策"的人文地理背景，并说明自改革开放以来该 政策的实践效果。（25） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 四、试以自己熟悉地区的资料为例阐述"资源——人口——产业——环境"体系中各环节之间 的内在关系，以及该体系在地区经济持续发展中的重要意义。（30） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________