2015 年山东青岛大学英语基础综合考研真题 I. For each question, there are four choices of answers. Only one choice is correct. (20 points) 1. Which of the following consonants is NOT a stop or plosive? A. [p] B. [f] C. [k] D. [t] 2. Which of the following utterances expresses the emotive function of human language? A. Good morning. B. What’s your idea? C. Good heavens! D. I declare the meeting open. 3. Which of the following phenomena reflects human language’s arbitrariness? A. Different words are used to describe the same sound in Chinese and in English. B. In human language, vowels and consonants are normally meaningless in isolation and meaningful when combined in certain ways. C. Words can be used in new ways to mean new things or ideas. D. Modern Mandarin can be used to talk about Confucius who has been dead for over 2500 years. 4. Which of the following is NOT a morpheme? A. –s in boys B. dis- in disappointment C. nation D. boys 5. Which of the following words is NOT a grammatical word? A. grammar B. and C. through D. the 6. Which of the following words is NOT formed by derivation? A. functional B. nationalize C. McDonald’s D. daybreak 7. Which of the following sentences does NOT reflect syntactic recursiveness? A. The syntactic constructions are of two main types. B. Give me liberty or give me death. C. I saw man who had visited the school last year D. If you listened to me, you wouldn’t make mistakes. 8. Don’t end a sentence with a preposition is an example of ________ rules. A. prescriptive B. descriptive C. transformational D. functional 9. Speech act theory was first proposed by ______. A. Ferdinand de Saussure B. John Searle C. M. A. K. Halliday D. John Austin 10. The sense relation between rose and flower is ______. A. synonymy B. antonymy C. hyponymy D. homonymy 11. Sonnet 18 is written in the typical ________ form, having 14 lines of iambic pentameter ending in a rhymed couplet. A. lyric poetry B. sonnet 

C. poetry D. epic poetry 12. The theme of original sin is fully reflected in _________. A. The Scarlet Letter B. Sister Carrie C. The Great Gatsby D. The Old Man and Sea 13. Which of the following title does not belongs to Edgar Allan Poe? A. Father of modern short story B. Father of Romantic poetry C. Father of detective story D. Father of psychoanalytic criticism 14. Best known for his novels about the adventure is ____________. A. Charles Dickens B. Oliver Goldsmith C. Daniel Defoe D. Walter Scott 15. The first place visited by Gulliver in Gullivers Travels is________. A. the Kingdom of Horses B. Brobdingnag C. Flying Island D. Lilliput 16. The realistic period of the late 19th century is referred to as “the Gilded Age” by _______. A. Mark Twain B. Henry James C. Emily Dickinson D. Theodore Dreiser 17. Which of the following works is NOT by Ernest Hemingway? A. The Old Man and Sea B. A Farewell to Arms C. Sound and Fury D. For Whom the Bell Tolls 18. “The poet of the peasants” is a title given to ____________. A. William Blake B. Thomas Gray C. Roburt Burns D. Percy Bysshe Shelley 19. Which of the following is NOT the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature? A. Rudyard Kipling B. Joseph Conrad C. John Galsworthy D. William Golding 20. Which of the following is NOT the basic quality of American writers? A. independent B. individualistic C. innovative D. rebellious II. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). (20 points) 1. An English word can be read in different tones. 2. Saussure’s diachronic linguistics is the study of a language through the course of its history. 3. -ed in talked is not a morpheme but a suffix. 4. In John has a red pen, there is only one grammatical word. 5. Inflection can change the grammatical class of a word occasionally. 6. An endocentric construction has a constituent serving as a center or head, as in the short noun phrase. 7. Every member wear a uniform is a grammatically wrong sentence because it makes a mistake in agreement. 8. A task-based syllabus aims at the learner’s communicative competence. 

9. A violation of any maxim of the Cooperative Principle will cause a failure of communication. 10. A phoneme is the smallest phonetic unit in language that can signal a difference in meaning. 11. Shakespeare was the most distinguished practitioner of the English sonnet during the Elizabethan Age. 12. The sub-title of Tess of the D’Urbervilles is First Impression. 13. All his life, Nathaniel Hawthorne seems to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in his life. 14. William Blake and Robert Burns are the two notable representatives of Romantic poetry. 15. William Wordsworth can be regarded as the first critic of the romantic school. 16. Jane Austen’s novels are mostly concerned with young women’s social growth and self-discovery. 17. In David Copperfield, Charles Dickens employed a lot of autobiographical elements. 18. The title of the novel, Vanity Fair, is taken from The Bible. 19. Most of Thomas Hardy’s works have the gloomy, sullen landscape of London in the background. 20. Writing about the South, William Faulkner’s major concern was always with the South only. III．Define the following terms. (20 points) 1. Morpheme 2. Pragmatics 3. English Sonnet 4. American Dream IV. Answer the following questions. (40 points) 1. Based on your personal experience, use examples to explain the relationship between linguistics and English teaching or learning. 2. Please summarize the story of Jane Eyre and provide your own understanding of the novel. V. Translate the underlined part in the following passage into Chinese. (20 points) As most schools are set up today, learning is compulsory. It is an Ought, even worse, a Must, enforced by regular hours and rigid discipline. And the young sneer at the Oughts and resist the Musts with all their energy. The feeling often lasts through a lifetime. For too many of us, learning appears to be a surrender of our own will to external direction, a sort of enslavement. This is a mistake. Learning is a natural pleasure, inborn and instinctive, one of the essential pleasures of the human race. Watch a small child, at an age too young to have had any mental habits implanted by training. Some delightful films made by the late Dr. Arnold Gesell of Yale University show little creatures who can barely talk investigating problems with all the zeal and excitement of explorers, making discoveries with the passion and absorption of dedicated scientists. At the end of 

each successful investigation, there comes over each tiny face an expression of pure heart-felt pleasure. When Archimedes discovered the principle of specific gravity by observing his own displacement of water in a bathtub, he leaped out with delight, shouting, “Eureka, Eureka!” (“I have found it, I have found it!”) The instinct which prompted his outburst, and the joy of its gratification, are possessed by all children. VI. Composition (30 points) Please write a composition of at least 500 words with the title of “What Makes a Good Teacher?”