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StaMPS/MTI Manual Version 4.1b Andy Hooper, David Bekaert, Ekbal Hussain, and Karsten Spaans 15th August, 2018 School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds LS2 9JT Leeds United Kingdom

Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Development History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Processing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 Pre-processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2 StaMPS PS/MTI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Installation 2.1 Conﬁguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Required packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 Snaphu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Optional packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Triangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2 TRAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 InSAR processor packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1 ISCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.2 SNAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.3 Gamma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.4 ROI PAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.4.1 Data display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.5 Doris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pre-processing 3.1 Pre-processing with ISCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Pre-processing with SNAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Pre-processing with Gamma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.1 PS processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2 Small Baseline Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Pre-processing with ROI PAC and DORIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.1 Create SLCs from Raw (using ROI PAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.2 Reading/cropping SLCs from Level 1 products 3.4.2.1 Option 1: Specify by latitude and longitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.2.2 Option 2: Specify by line/pixel number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.4.1 Bulk Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.4.2 Manual DEM offset correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.4.3 Re-running Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.3 Oversampling SLC data (Optional) 3.4.4 Create IFGs (using DORIS) i 1 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 11 12 12 13 13 14 16 17

ii CONTENTS 3.4.4.4 Possible reasons for Doris SIGERV error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.4.5 Disk Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 PS Processing 4.1 Step 1: Load data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Step 2: Estimate phase noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Step 3: PS selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Step 4: PS weeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Step 5: Phase correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 Step 6: Phase unwrapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 Step 7: Estimate spatially-correlated look angle error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 Step 8: Atmospheric ﬁltering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Small Baseline Processing 5.1 Step 1-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 Step 6: Phase unwrapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 Step 7: Estimate spatially-correlated look angle error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Combined MTI Processing 7 Plotting 8 Change History 8.1 Version 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.1 Version 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 Version 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2.1 Version 2.0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2.2 Version 2.0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2.3 Version 2.0.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 Version 2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 Version 2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 Version 3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 Version 3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 Version 3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 Version 3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 Version 4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.10 Version 4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 17 19 20 20 21 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 34 34 34 34 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 37 38 38 39

Chapter 1 Introduction StaMPS/MTI can be downloaded from http://homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/˜earahoo/ stamps/ and github at https://github.com/dbekaert/stamps. The github webpage also allows to download the developers version which will be the most recent and un-released version. When using this software please reference Hooper et al. [2012]: Hooper A; Bekaert D; Spaans K; Arikan M (2012), Recent advances in SAR interferometry time series analysis for measuring crustal deformation, Tectonophysics, 514-517, pp.1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2011.10.013 In addition, cite dependencies used such as ISCE [Rosen et al., 2012], SNAP [Foumelis et al., 2018], GAMMA [Werner et al., 2000], TRAIN [e.g. Bekaert et al., 2015a, b]. ROI PAC [Rosen et al., 2004], or DORIS [Kampes et al., 2003] StaMPS (Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers) is a software package that implements an InSAR persistent scatterer (PS) method developed to work even in terrains devoid of man-made structures and/or undergoing non-steady deformation. StaMPS/MTI (Multi-Temporal InSAR) is an extended version of StaMPS that also includes a small baseline method and a combined multi-temporal InSAR method. This manual provides a guide to running StaMPS/MTI, but does not explain all the processing. For some details on the inner workings, see Hooper [2010, 2008]; Hooper et al. [2007, 2004]; Hooper [2006]. A user group is also maintained at http://groups.google.com/group/mainsar. If you have a query, check the discussion threads there and, if not resolved, submit your question to the group. 1

2 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Development History The original development of StaMPS was undertaken at Stanford University, but subsequent devel- opment of StaMPS and StaMPS/MTI has taken place at the University of Iceland, Delft University of Technology, and the University of Leeds. There are also contributions from users of the package based at other institutions. 1.1.1 Contributors Contributions are tracked in Github for registered Github users. • Andy Hooper (Lead developer) • David Bekaert • Karsten Spaans • Ekbal Hussain • Mahmut Arikan • Anneleen Oyen • Miguel Caro Cuenca • Jose Manuel Delgadoblasco • other commmunity members 1.2 Processing Overview Throughout this manual, commands to be entered on the command line are in blue and entries that are speciﬁc to the data set being processed and require modiﬁcation are in red. The presence of >> before a command indicates that the command is a matlab script. 1.2.1 Pre-processing There are two potential pre-processing steps before getting to the PS/MTI processing proper. The ﬁrst is to focus the raw data (if required), and the second is to form interferograms from single-look complex (SLC) images. Various processors can be used to achieve the pre-processing including ISCE, SNAP, GAMMA, and ROI PAC and DORIS. Further details are provided in Chapter 3 for each software.

1.2. PROCESSING OVERVIEW 1.2.2 StaMPS PS/MTI 3 The PS/MTI processing itself includes C++ programs and matlab scripts to identify coherent pixels, and to extract the deformation signal for these pixels. Typing help followed by the name of the matlab script provides a brief description of the processing.

Chapter 2 Installation Install StaMPS/MTI: tar -xvf StaMPS v4.1b.tar cd StaMPS v4.1b/src make make install 2.1 Conﬁguration Edit StaMPS CONFIG.tcsh or StaMPS CONFIG.bash (depending on which shell you prefer to use) to point to the correct directories for your set-up (you will need additional programs installed, see below). source StaMPS CONFIG.xxxx This must be done whenever a new terminal is opened. You might want to add this line to your .cshrc or .bashrc ﬁle so that this is done automatically. 2.2 Required packages 2.2.1 Snaphu The optimisation routines of snaphu are used by the 3-D unwrapping code and can be downloaded from: http://www.stanford.edu/group/radar/softwareandlinks/sw/snaphu/. 4

2.3. OPTIONAL PACKAGES 2.3 Optional packages 2.3.1 Triangle 5 The Triangle program is used for Delaunay triangulation. It is no longer required for StaMPS Steps 1 to 7 (Chapter 4) but is required if users want to run Step 8. It can be found at: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/˜quake/triangle.html. 2.3.2 TRAIN The Toolbox for Reducing Atmospheric InSAR Noise (TRAIN) can be used to estimate tropospheric delays (see [Bekaert et al., 2015a, b]). Train corrections are applied on the ﬂy while plotting the results. Released versions can be downloaded from: http://www.davidbekaert.com/#links the developpers version from github at: http://github.com/dbekaert/TRAIN The help forum can be accessed at: http://groups.google.com/group/TRAIN_support 2.4 InSAR processor packages Depending on the InSAR procesor being used, you will need different dependencies. 2.4.1 ISCE Details on lisence and installation of ISCE can be found at WinSAR: https://winsar.unavco.org/software/isce . 2.4.2 SNAP Details on installation and usage of the ESA SentiNel Application Platform (SNAP) can be found at http://step.esa.int/main/download/ while the additional software package for the in- terferometric stack computation can be found at: https://github.com/mdelgadoblasco/ snap2stamps/. When using this package please reference to J. M. Delgado Blasco [2018] 2.4.3 Gamma Gamma is a commercial software. See Gamma website for details on lisence and installation at: http://www.gamma-rs.ch/ .

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