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Puppet Mastering Infrastructure Automation 无水印原版pdf.pdf
Cover
Copyright
Preface
Table of Contents
Module 1: Puppet 4 Essentials, Second Edition
1: Writing Your First Manifests
Getting started
Introducing resources and properties
Interpreting the output of the puppet apply command
Adding control structures in manifests
Using variables
Controlling the order of evaluation
Implementing resource interaction
Examining the most notable resource types
Summary
2: The Master and Its Agents
The Puppet Master
Setting up the Puppet Agent
Performance considerations
Using Phusion Passenger with Nginx
Completing the stack with PuppetDB
Troubleshooting SSL issues
Summary
3: A Peek under the Hood – Facts, Types, and Providers
Summarizing systems with Facter
Understanding the type system
Substantiating the model with providers
Putting it all together
Summary
4: Modularizing Manifests with Classes and Defined Types
Introducing classes and defined types
Structured design patterns
Including classes from defined types
Establishing relationships among containers
Making classes more flexible through parameters
Summary
5: Extending Your Puppet Infrastructure with Modules
An overview of Puppet's modules
Maintaining environments
Building a specific module
Finding helpful Forge modules
Summary
6: Leveraging the Full Toolset of the Language
Templating dynamic configuration files
Creating virtual resources
Exporting resources to other agents
Overriding resource parameters
Avoiding antipatterns
Summary
7: New Features from Puppet 4
Upgrading to Puppet 4
Using the type system
Learning lambdas and functions
Creating Puppet 4 functions
Leveraging the new template engine
Handling multiline with HEREDOC
Breaking old practices
Summary
8: Separating Data from Code Using Hiera
Understanding the need for separate data storage
Structuring configuration data in a hierarchy
Retrieving and using Hiera values in manifests
Converting resources to data
Debugging Hiera lookups
Implementing the Roles and Profiles pattern
Summary
Module 2: Extending Puppet, Second Edition
1: Puppet Essentials
The Puppet ecosystem
Puppet components
Installing and configuring Puppet
Puppet in action
Variables, facts, and scopes
Meta parameters
Managing order and dependencies
Reserved names and allowed characters
Conditionals
Comparison operators
Iteration and lambdas
Exported resources
Modules
Restoring files from a filebucket
Summary
2: Managing Puppet Data with Hiera
Installing and configuring Hiera
Working with the command line on a YAML backend
Using Hiera in Puppet
Additional Hiera backends
Using Hiera as an ENC
Summary
3: Introducing PuppetDB
Installation and configuration
Dashboards
PuppetDB API
Querying PuppetDB for fun and profit
The puppetdbquery module
How Puppet code may change in the future
Summary
4: Designing Puppet Architectures
Components of a Puppet architecture
The Foreman
Roles and profiles
The data and the code
Sample architectures
Summary
5: Using and Writing Reusable Modules
Modules layout evolution
The parameters dilemma
Reusability patterns
Summary
6: Higher Abstraction Modules
The OpenStack example
An approach to reusable stack modules
Tiny Puppet
Summary
7: Puppet Migration Patterns
Examining potential scenarios and approaches
Patterns for extending Puppet coverage
Things change
Summary
8: Code Workflow Management
Write Puppet code
Git workflows
Code review
Testing Puppet code
Deploying Puppet code
Propagating Puppet changes
Puppet continuous integration
Summary
9: Scaling Puppet Infrastructures
Scaling Puppet
Measuring performance
Summary
10: Extending Puppet
Anatomy of a Puppet run, under the hood
Puppet extension alternatives
Custom functions
Custom facts
Custom types and providers
Custom report handlers
Custom faces
Summary
11: Beyond the System
Puppet on network equipment
Puppet for cloud and virtualization
Puppet on storage devices
Puppet and Docker
Summary
12: Future Puppet
Changing the serialization format
Direct Puppet
Other changes
Beyond Puppet 4.x
Summary
Module 3: Mastering Puppet, Second Edition
1: Dealing with Load/Scale
Divide and conquer
Conquer by dividing
Summary
2: Organizing Your Nodes and Data
Getting started
Organizing the nodes with an ENC
Hiera
Summary
3: Git and Environments
Environments
Git
Git for everyone
Summary
4: Public Modules
Getting modules
Using GitHub for public modules
Modules from the Forge
Using Librarian
Using r10k
Using Puppet-supported modules
Summary
5: Custom Facts and Modules
Module manifest files
Custom facts
CFacter
Summary
6: Custom Types
Parameterized classes
Defined types
Types and providers
Summary
7: Reporting and Orchestration
Turning on reporting
Store
Logback
Internet relay chat
Foreman
Puppet GUIs
mcollective
Ansible
Summary
8: Exported Resources
Configuring PuppetDB – using the Forge module
Manually installing PuppetDB
Exported resource concepts
Resource tags
Exported SSH keys
Putting it all together
Summary
9: Roles and Profiles
Design pattern
Creating an example CDN role
Dealing with exceptions
Summary
10: Troubleshooting
Connectivity issues
Catalog failures
Debugging
Summary
Bibliography
Index
Puppet: Mastering
Infrastructure Automation
Gain key skills to manage your IT infrastructure and
succeed with everyday IT automation
A course in three modules
BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
Puppet: Mastering Infrastructure Automation
Copyright © 2017 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this course may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written
permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in
critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this course to ensure the accuracy
of the information presented. However, the information contained in this course
is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the authors, nor Packt
Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages
caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this course.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the
companies and products mentioned in this course by the appropriate use of capitals.
However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
Published on: June 2017
Production reference: 1100617
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
Livery Place
35 Livery Street
Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.
ISBN: 978-1-78839-970-8
www.packtpub.com
Credits
Content Development Editor
Devika Battike
Graphics
Kirk D’penha
Production Coordinator
Aparna Bhagat
Authors
Felix Frank
Martin Alfke
Alessandro Franceschi
Jaime Soriano Pastor
Thomas Uphill
Reviewers
Ger Apeldoorn
Jeroen Hooyberghs
Bas Grolleman
Preface
Puppet is a configuration management tool that allows you to automate all your IT
configurations, giving you control. It was written for and by system administrators
to manage large numbers of systems efficiently and prevent configuration drifts..
What this learning path covers
Module 1, Puppet 4 Essentials, Second Edition, gets you started rapidly and
intuitively as you'll put Puppet's tools to work right away. It will also highlight the
changes associated with performance improvements as well as the new language
features in Puppet 4. We'll start with a quick introduction to Puppet to get you
managing your IT systems quickly. You will then learn about the Puppet Agent that
comes with an all-in-one (AIO) package and can run on multiple systems. Next, we'll
show you the Puppet Server for high-performance communication and passenger
packages. As you progress through the book, the innovative structure and approach
of Puppet will be explained with powerful use cases. The difficulties that are
inherent to a complex and powerful tool will no longer be a problem for you
as you discover Puppet's fascinating intricacies.
By the end of this module, you will not only know how to use Puppet, but also its
companion tools Facter and Hiera, and will be able to leverage the flexibility and
expressive power implemented by their tool chain.
Module 2, Extending Puppet - Second Edition , will be your guide to designing and
deploying your Puppet architecture. It will help you utilize Puppet to manage your
IT infrastructure. Get to grips with Hiera and learn how to install and configure it,
before learning best practices for writing reusable and maintainable code. You will
also be able to explore the latest features of Puppet 4, before executing, testing, and
deploying Puppet across your systems. As you progress, Extending Puppet takes
you through higher abstraction modules, along with tips for effective code workflow
management.
[ i ]
Finally, you will learn how to develop plugins for Puppet - as well as some useful
techniques that can help you to avoid common errors and overcome everyday
challenges.
Module 3, Mastering Puppet Second Edition, deals with the issues faced when scaling
out Puppet to handle large numbers of nodes. It will show you how to fit Puppet
into your enterprise and allow many developers to work on your Puppet code
simultaneously. In addition, you will learn to write custom facts and roll your own
modules to solve problems. Next, popular options for performing reporting and
orchestration tasks will be introduced in this book. Moving over to troubleshooting
techniques, which will be very useful. The concepts presented are useful to any
size organization.
By the end of this module, you will know how to deal with problems of scale and
exceptions in your code, automate workflows, and support multiple developers
working simultaneously.
What you need for this learning path
The primary requirements are as follows:
• A Debian GNU/Linux operating system in version 7, code name "Wheezy"
• A Linux system connected to the internet.
• Additional repositories used were EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise
Linux), the Software Collections (SCL) repository, the Foreman repository,
and the Puppet Labs
• An Enterprise Linux 7 derived installation, such as CentOS 7, Scientific
Linux 7, or Springdale Linux 7.
• The Latest version of Puppet
Who this learning path is for
If you're an experienced IT professional and a new Puppet user, this course
will provide you with all you need to know to go from installation to advanced
automation. Get a rapid introduction to the essential topics and then tackle Puppet
for advanced automation. Through a practical approach and innovative selection
of topics, you'll explore how to design, implement, adapt, and deploy a Puppet
architecture.
[ ii ]
Preface
Reader feedback
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help you to get the most from your purchase.
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[ iii ]
Preface
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