2005 年上海华东师范大学中国通史考研真题 一、名词解释∶（每题 6 分，共 54 分） 改土归流 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 柴荣改革 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 《四民月令》 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 赫德 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 京师同文馆 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 国会请愿运动 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 改定新约 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ "四清"运动 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 华北事变 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 二、简述题∶（每题 12 分，共 36 分） 1、释"汉初布衣将相之局"。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2、简评二十世纪初清政府的"新政"。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 

3、简评二十世纪六十年代的中苏论战及其对中国国内外政策的影响。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 三、论述题∶（每题 20 分，共 60 分） 1、试述两汉与隋唐在选官制度上的异同。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2、为什么要到 1860 年之后中国才会发生以洋务运动为代表的向西方学习的早期现代化运 动，请进行分析和阐述。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3、1927 年四、一二政变和七、一五"分共"之后第一次国共合作彻底破裂，轰轰烈烈的大革 命也随之转入低潮。有人评论这一结果说∶"早知今日，何必当初?"你是否同意这一看法? 请结合史实，谈谈你对国共关系之"当初"与"今日"的理解，并解释何以会从"当初"走向"今 日"? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________