1999 年上海同济大学建筑物理专业考研真题 一、建筑声学部分 1、解释下列名词∶（必答）20 分 （1）声压级和声级 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （2）自由声场和混响声场 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （3）反射系数和透射系数 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （4）声桥和声闸 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （5）吸声量和房间常数 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 

2、何谓混响和混响时间?试述混响时间与厅堂音主观评价的关系。10 分 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 3、一个 20 平方米的砖砌墙面上，分别安装一个面积 2 平方米的门和窗。假设墙、门和窗的 隔声量分别为 50db、30db 和 20db，试求该墙面的组合隔声量。10 分 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 二、建筑光学∶ 1、解释下列名词，并指出两者间的区别（必答）20 分 （1）亮度与照度 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （2）明视觉与暗视觉 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （3）室内反光增量系数与室外挡光折减系数 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （4）配光曲线与等照度曲线 _______________________________________________________________________________ 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （5）CIE 标色体系与孟塞尔标色体系 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 2、采光系数是根据哪几项因素确定的?共分几个等级?对应的系数值各为多少?10 分 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 3、什么是建筑化照明?共有几类型式?请结合简图分别叙述。10 分 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 三、建筑热工∶ 1、解释下列名词（必答）20 分 （1）温度和温度场 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （2）露点温度和冷桥 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 

（3）饱和空气和未饱和空气 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （4）室外综合温度和遮阳系数 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ （5）白体、黑体和透明体 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 2、试叙述建筑物防热的途径。10 分 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 3、试估算一砖半墙（δ=370mm）的传热系数为多少? （提示;砖的导热系数为 0.7W/m3K）10 分