1993年专业英语八级考试真题.doc

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1993 年专业英语八级考试真题 D.Saturdayisabaddayforher B.abusinessman B.theaupairgirlwillstayathome TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(1993) -GRADEEIGHT- PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION (30min) PAPERONE InthispartofthetestyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerth equestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectresponseforeachquestioninyourANSWERBOOKLETSE CTIONACONVERSATION Questions1to5refertotheconversationinthissection. 1.JanetisnothappyaboutPaul'sarrangementbecause A.Paulhasn'ttoldherabouttheinvitation C.theirchildrencannotstayattheirfriend'shome 2.Accordingtotheconversation,weknowthatSamUrwinis A.amaninchargeofcharityintown C.aschoolmateofJanet'sD.aneighbouroftheirsinCanada3.Thefollowingstatementsabout Samaretrueexcept A.SamisveryfondofduckandgoesoutshootingducksalotB.Samlikesgolfbetterthanshootin g C.SamisJanet'sfavouritebackinCanadaD.Sampaysmuchattentiontohisfigure4.Paulwillb uythewineat A.apubB.ashopwheredrinksaresoldtotakeawayC.Downes'D.asupermarketnearhisoffice5. Theconversationtakesplace A.inthecourseoftheirdinner C.inthesittingroomaftersupperD.lateintheafternoon SECTIONBTALK Questions6toIDrefertothetalkinthissection. 6.OnespecificdifferencebetweenanimalbrainandhumanbrainisA.thedivisionofsidesB.t hecontrollingfunctionsC.thecross-overeffectD.theverbalabilities 7.PeoplegottoknowthingslikethespecializedabilitiesofthehumanbrainA.duringthelas tdecadeB.earlythiscentury C.throughDrRogersBarry 8.The'SplitBrainExperiments'wereconsideredA.asurgicalexperimentwiththenerve B.ahelptothepatients'recovery C.afurtherproofofwhathadbeenknownbeforeD.agreatstepinbrainresearch 9.Therighthandwasstillabletowriteafterthesplittingofthebrain,becauseA.verbalabi lityislocatedinthelefthemisphere B.thelefthemispherehasalogicfunction C.therighthemispherecanrecognizeandrememberD.informationisgoingthroughthelefthe misphere 10. Thistalkismainlyabout r-Akthedifferentfunctionsofthetwohemispheres B.theSplitBrainExperimentsinCalifornia B.inthekitchenbeforesupper D.aftermanyexperiments

" ?C.thesynthesizingabilityofthehemispheresD.thedifferentwaysofinformationhan dling SECTIONCINTERVIEW Questions11to15refertotheinterviewinthissection. 11.ThewomansaidthatTVisamediumthatA.giveskidsalotofgoodinformation B.teacheskidstobepassive C.teacheskidssomethingthattheycannotlearnfrombooks D.getskidssoexcitedthattheyliterallycomeoutoftheirchairs 12.ThewomanpointedoutthatteachersareforcedintotheroleofhavingtocompetewithA.the excitingfilmsthatkidsareshowninschool B.thekindsofthingskidslearnfromtheirparentsathomeC.thekindsofprogrammeskidswatc honTV D.thegoodactingoftheactorsandactressesinfilms 13.ThewomansaidthatsheusesanumberofeducationalfilmsinaclasssheteachesonA.minori tiesB.history C.ancient,civilizationsD.BlackAmericans 14. Accordingtothewoman,whensheshowsfilmsinclass,thekidsalwaysseemto A.missthereallyimportantpoints B.appreciatethereallyimportantpoints C.catchthereallyimportantpoints D.understandthereallyimportantpoints 15.Thewomansaidthatthefactthatkidsaudiblyandvisiblyreactthewaytheydotocertainvi olentscenesinthesefilmsis A.pessimisticB.understandable C.verysurprising SECTIONDNEWSBROADCAST Questions16to20refertothenewsbroadcastinthissection. 16. ThenewsfromLuxemburgtellsusthattheECministersA.aretryingtohelpmakepeace B.cametovisitLuxemburg C.areinvolvedinYugoslavia'sethnicconflictD.havemadeasuccessfulcease-fire 17. TheinformationconcerningPresidentBushisabout A.hisattitudetowardsdevelopingcountries B.hisopinionsofsomeformerUSSRrepublics C.theUSactionfollowingothercountries D.theUSrecognitionofLithuania TEM8-93-2 18. ThetropicalstorminSouthernIndiaA.wascausedbycyclones B.wouldhavehadmoreseriouscasualtiesbutforcyclonesheltersC.wasbroughtaboutbythel andslides D.loosenedtopsoilinSriLanka 19. Thenumberofthefemalesenatorsinthe102ndCongresswasA.3B.2C.6D.4 20.BeforeshebecamethefirstBlackwomansenator,MissCarolMoseleyBraunA.workedinacou ntryclubofmen D.sad

B.servedasanaideintheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommissionC.wastheRecorderofDeed sinIllinois D.wasontheJudiciaryCommitteeinCalifornia PARTIILISTENING&NOTE-TAKING FilleachofgapswithONEword.Youmayrefertoyournotes.Makesurethewordyoufillinis bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.? TheCinema Thefirstmovingpictures,developedbyan(1)______inthe1890'swere differentfromwhatweknowaboutcinematoday.Becausethesoundandpictures(2)______ werenot(2)______inadditiontothesmallnessofthescreens,the(3)______ whichhissystemwascalled,wasonlypopularizedinits(4)______form. TheFrenchmendevelopedthesameprincipleandsucceededinexportingtheir (5)______.Cinematographe,toEurope,India,AustraliaandJapan.Butthefilms (1)______ (3)______ (4) (5)______ (7)______ werestill(6)______and(4)______.Afterthat,greatadvancesweremadeincinema.(6)_____ _ In1903,withtheuseof(7)______cameras,animprovementonthe(13)______ cameras,TheGreatTrainRobbery,whichlasted(8)______minutes,wasmade.(8)______ Inthefollowingyears,filmswerelongerandthe(9)______becamelargerandother(9)______ refinementswereintroduced.Intheearly(10)______,withthedevelopment ofeffective(11)______system,themajorproblemof soundandpicture(12)______wassolved.Butoddlyenough,forafew years,thecamerashadtobe(13)______againtoreducethe(13)______ (14)______oftheirmechanism.Thedevelopmentof (14)______ (15)______ (15)______wasthelastimportantchangeincinema.Thoughearlyfilms weregenerallyblackandwhite,peoplethoughttheyweremore(16)______ (16)______ In1922,atwo-coloursystem,wasusedinthefirstreal(15)______films.Byusingthree maincolours,(17)______wasimprovedin1932.Becauseoftheunstablequality, (10)______ (11)______ (12)______ (17)______ (18)______ thescenes,sometimes(18)______,andhighcost,ittooklongerfor(15) tobeaccepted.Foralltheimprovementsinthe(19)______ofcinemaandthechangesinthe(19) ______ styleof(20)______,thebasics--movingpictures,colourandsound-remainthesame.(20)__ ____ PARTIIPROOFREADINGANDERRORCORRECTION(20MINS) Thefollowingpassagecontains17errors.Eachlinecontainsa,naxinurrnofone errorandthreearefreefromerror.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved. For awrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblank providedattheendoftheline. Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha"/"signandwritethewordyoube lievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline. Foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslash"/"andput refinements were introduced. In the early (10)______, with the development (10)______

(12)______ (11)______ of effective (11)______system, the major problem of sound and picture (12)______was solved. But oddly enough, for a few years, the cameras had to be (13)______again to reduce the (13)______ (14)______of their mechanism. The development of (15)______was the last important change in cinema. Though early films were generally black and white, people thought they were more (16) ______ In 1922, a two-colour system, was used in the first real (15)______films. By using three main colours, (17)______was improved in 1932. Because of the unstable quality, the scenes, sometimes (18)______, and high cost, it took longer for (15) (17) ______ (14)______ (15)______ (16)______ (18)______ PARTIIIPROOFREADING(15min) Thefollowingpassagecontains17errors.Eachlinecontainsamaximumofoneerror,andthree arefreefromerror.Ineachcaseonlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldpassageandcorrectit. 3. 1. What is a drug? Most of people probable think there' s a perfectly simple answer to this question. In fact, if one 2. carries a quick survey on any street corner, one finds that, according to vast majority of people, there are two groups of drugs: those prescribed by doctors and those people take for non-medical use. As medicine and the medical profession are generally self-respectful, there aren' t any objections to the use of prescribing drugs. What most people don' t realize is 8. that when prescribed drugs are usually beneficial, they can also represent a serious problem. There were many people addicted by tranquillizers before doctors began to prescribe 11. them: now there being literally millions who depend on them. An acceptance of the use of drugs for non-medical reasons is largely a matter of a culture. Some Eastern people think the 14. 10. 7. 9. 4. 5. 6. 12 . 13 .

use of alcohol with horror, mainly as a result of 15. religious upbringing. However, these similar people freely use marijuana without a second thought, and this, in turn isn' t accepted in Western culture which accepts alcohol. In most 18. Western societies, the tea-or coffee-break' s now a part of the life, and huge quantifies of these drinks are eaten daily. 20. 17. 16 . 19 . READINGCOMPREHENSION(40min) ReadTEXTA,anextractfromabookoneconomicpsychology,andanswerquestions41to44. TEXTA Ascientistwhodoesresearchineconomicpsychologyandwhowantstopredictthewayinwhichc onsumerswillspendtheirmoneymuststudyconsumerbehaviour.Hemustobtaindatabothonthe resourcesofconsumersandonthemotivesthattendtoencourageordiscouragemoneyspending . Ifaneconomistwereaskedwhichofthreegroupsborrowmost eoplewithrisingincomes,stableincomes,ordecliningincomesewouldprobablyanswer:tho sewithdecliningincomes.Actually,intheyears1947-1950,theanswerwas:peoplewithrisi ngincomes.Peoplewithdecliningincomeswerenextandpeoplewithstableincomesborrowedt heleast.Thisshowsusthattraditionalassumptionsaboutearningandspendingarenotalway sreliable.Mothertraditionalassumptionisthatifpeoplewhohavemoneyexpectpricestogo up,theywillhastentobuy.Iftheyexpectpricestogodown,theywillpostponebuying.Butres earchsurveyshaveshownthatthisisnotalwaystrue.Theexpectationsofpriceincreasesmay notstimulatebuying.Onetypicalattitudewasexpressedbythewifeofamechanicinaninterv iewatatimeofrisingprices."Inafewmonths,shesaid,"we'llhavetopaymoreformeatandmil k;we'llhavelesstospendonotherthings."Herfamilyhadbeenplanningtobuyanewcarbutthe ypostponedthispurchase.Furthermore,theriseinpricesthathasalreadytakenplacemaybe resentedaddbuyer'sresistancemaybeevoked.Thisisshownbythefollowingtypicalcomment: "Ijustdon'tpaytheseprices;theyaretoohigh." Traditionalassumptionsshouldbeinvestigatedcarefully,andfactorsoftimeandplacesho uldbeconsidered.TheinvestigationsmentionedabovewerecarriedoutinAmerica.Investig ationsconductedatthesametimeinGreatBritain,however,yieldedresultsthatweremorein agreementwithtraditionalassumptionsaboutsavingandspendingpatterns.Theconditionm ostconductivetospendingappearstobepricestability.Ifpriceshavebeenstableandpeopl ehavebecomeaccustomedtoconsiderthem"right"andexpectthemtoremainstable,theyareli kelytobuy.Thus,itappearsthatthecommonbusinesspolicyofmaintainingstablepriceswit hoccasionalsalesordiscountsisbasedonacorrectunderstandingofconsumerpsychology. 21. ThebesttitleofthepassageisA.Consumer'sPurchasingPower B.RelationshipbetweenIncomeandPurchasingPowerC.TraditionalAssumptions D.StudiesinConsumerBehaviour 22.Theexampleofthemechanic'swifeisintendedtoshowthatintimesofrisingpricesA.peop lewithdecliningincometendtobuyless B.peoplewithstableincometendtoborrowlessC.peoplewithincreasingincometendtobuymo

reD.peoplewithmoneyalsotendtobuyless 23. FindingsininvestigationsinBritainarementionedtoshow A.factorsoftimeandplaceshouldbetakenintoconsiderationB.peopleinBritainbehaveint hesamewayasthoseinAmerica C.maintainingstablepricesisbasedonacorrectunderstandingofconsumerpsychologyD.oc casionaldiscountsandsalesarenecessary 24. AccordingtothepassagepeopletendtobuymorewhenA.pricesareexpectedtogoup B.pricesareexpectedtogodown C.pricesdon'tfluctuate D.thebusinesspolicyremainsunchanged ReadTEXTB,anextractfromapopularsciencebook,andanswerquestions25to28. TEXTB WeedCommunities Inanintactplantcommunity,undisturbedbyhumanintervention,thecompositionofacommun ityismainlyafunctionoftheclimateandthetypeofsoil.Today',suchoriginalcommunities areveryrare heyarepracticallylimitedtonationalparksandreservations. Civilizationhasprogressivelytransformedtheconditionsdeterminingthecompositionof plantcommunities.Forseveralthousandyearsvastareasofarablelandhavebeenhoed,ploug hed,harrowedandgrasslandhasbeencutorgrazed.Duringthelastdecadestheuseofchemical substances,suchasfertilizersandmostrecentlyofweedkillers(herbicides)hasgreatlyi nfluencedthecompositionofweedcommunitiesinfarmland. Allselectiveherbicideshavespecificrangesofactivity.Theycontrolthemostimportantw eedsbutnotalltheplantsofacommunity.Thelatterprofitfronithenewfreespaceandfromth efertilizerasmuchasthecropdoes;hencetheyoftenspreadrapidlyandbecomeproblemweeds unlessanotherherbicidefortheireradicationisfound. Thesoilcontainsenormousquantitiesofseedsofnumerousspecies ptohalfamillionperm'accordingtoscientificliterature hatretaintheirabilitytogerminatefordecades.Thusitmayoccurthatweedsthatwerehardl ynoticedbeforeemergeinmassesaftertheeliminationoftheircompetitors.Hence,theknow ledgeofthecompositionofweedcommunitiesbeforeselectiveweedkillersareappliedisnot onlyofscientificinterestsincetheplantspeciespresentinthesoilintheformofseedsmus tbeconsideredaspotentialweeds.Forefficientcontroltheidentificationofweedsatthes eedlingstage,i.e.atatimewhentheycanstillbecontrolled,isparticularlynecessary;fo rthechoiceoftheappropriateherbicidesdependsonthecompositionoftheweedcommunity. 25.Thecompositionofaplantcommunity A.dependsonclimateandsoiltypeinavirginenvironmentundamagedbyhumanbeings B.wasgreatlyaffectedbyhumanbeingsbeforetheystartedusingchemicalsubstancesonthes oilC.wasradicallytransformedbyuncivilizedhumanbeings D.referstoplants,trees,climate,typeofsoilandtheecologicalenvironment26.Whyareth ereproblemweeds? A.Becausetheyaretheweedsthatcannotbeeradicatedbyherbicides. B.Becauseallselectiveherbicidescanencouragethegrowthofpreviouslyunimportantweed sbyeliminatingtheircompetitors. C.Becausetheywerehardlyconsideredbeforesothattheirseedswerenotpreventedfromgerm -

inating. D.Becausetheybenefitgreatlyfromthefertilizerappliedtothefarmland. 27. AknowledgeofthecompositionofaweedcommunityA.isessentialtotheefficientcontro lofweeds B.mayleadustobeawareofthefactthatthesoilcontainsenormousquantitiesofseedsofnume rousspecies C.helpsustohaveagoodideaofwhyseedscanliedormantforyears D.providesuswiththemeanstoidentifyweedsattheseedlingstage 28. ThebestalternativetitleforthepassagewillbeA.AstudyofWeedCommunities B.TheImportanceofStudyingHowPlantsLiveinCommunitiesC.HowHerbicidesMayAffectFarm Land D.WeedControlbyMeansofHerbicides ReadTEXTC,anextractfromanovel,andanswerquestions29to31. TEXTC RajuandHisFather’sShop MymothertoldmeastoryeveryeveningwhilewewaitedforFathertoclosetheshopandcomehome. Theshopremainedopentillmidnight.Bullock-cartsinlongcaravansarrivedlateintheeven ingfromdistantvillages,loadedwithcoconut,rice,andothercommoditiesforthemarket.T heanimalswereunyokedunderthebigtamarindtreeforthenight,andthecartmendriftedintw osandthreestotheshop,forachatortoaskforthingstoeatorsmoke.Howmyfatherlovedtodis cusswiththemthepriceofgrain,rainfall,harvest,andthestateofirrigationchannels.Or theytalkedaboutoldlitigations.Oneheardrepeatedreferencestomagistrates,affidavit s,witnessesinthecase,andappeals,punctuatedwithroarsoflaughterossiblythememoryof someabsurdlegalityorloopholetickledthem. Myfatherignoredfoodandsleepwhenhehadcompany.Mymothersentmeoutseveraltimestoseei fhecouldbemadetoturnin.Hewasamanofuncertaintemperandonecouldnotreallyguesshowhe wouldreacttointerruptions,andsomymothercoachedmetogoup,watchhismood,andgentlyre mindhimoffoodandflorae.Istoodundertheshop-awning,coughingandclearingmythroat,ho pingtocatchhiseye.Butthetalkwasall-absorbingandhewouldnotglanceinmydirection,an dIgotabsorbedintheirtalk,althoughIdidnotunderstandawordofit.Afterawhilemymother 'svoicecamegentlyonthenightair,calling,Raju,Raju,'andmyfatherinterruptedhisacti vitiestolookatmeandsay,Tellyourmothernottowaitforme.Tellhertoplaceahandfulofric eandbuttermilkinabowl,withjustonepieceoflimepickle,andkeepitintheovenforme.I'11 comeinlater.Itwasalmostaformulawithhimfivedaysinaweek.Healwaysadded,NotthatI'mr eallyhungrytonight.'AndthenIbelievehewentontodiscusshealthproblemswithhiscronie s. ButIdidn'tstoptohearfurther.Imadeaquickdashbackhome.Therewasadarkpatchbetweenth elightfromtheshopandthedimlanternsheddingitslightonourthreshold,,amatterofabout tenyards,-Isuppose,butthepassagethroughitgavemeacoldsweat.Iexpectedwildanimalsa ndsupernaturalcreaturestoemergeandgrabme.Mymotherwaitedonthedoorsteptoreceiveme andsaid.Nothungry,Isuppose!That'llgivehimanexcusetotalktothevillagefolkallnight, andthencomeinforanhour'ssleepandgetupwiththecrowingofthatfoolishcocksomewhere.H ewillspoilhishealth.

Ifollowedherintothekitchen.Sheplacedmyplateandherssidebysideonthefloor,drewther ice-potwithinreach,andservedmeandherselfsimultaneously,andwefinishedourdinnerby thesootytinlamp,stuckonanailinthewall.Sheunrolledamatformeinthefrontroom,andIla ydowntosleep.Shesatatmyside,awaitingFather'sreturn.Herpresencegavemeafeelingofi nexplicablecosiness.IfeltIoughttoputherproximitytogooduse,andcomplained,Somethi ngisbotheringmyhair,?andsheranherfingersthroughmyhair,andscratchedthenapeofmyne ck.AndthenIcommanded,Astory.' Immediatelyshebegan,OnceuponatimetherewasamancalledDevaka'Iheardhisnamementione dalmosteverynight.Hewasahero,saint,orsomethingofthekind.Ineverlearnedfullywhath edidorwhy,sleepovercomingmebeforemymotherwasthrougheventhepreamble. 29.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTwhatwecaninferfromtheconversationbetweenFatherandth ecartmen? A.Sometimesduringlawsuits,onesideortheothertrickedthelaw,probablybyfindingfault sinthelegalcodewhichwerefavourabletothemselves. B.Thereweretimeswhenthecourtscametofoolishdecisions.C.Mattersrelatedtofarmingwe reofgreatinteresttothem. D.Themagistrateswereludicrous.30.WhichofthefollowingoccurredbeforeRajuwenttosle ep?A.Hefeltuncomfortabletolieonthematpreparedbyhismotherandcomplainedthattherew assomethingitching. B.Afterhelaydowntosleephewantedhismothertomoveasclosetohimaspossible. C.HelearnedalotaboutthelegendaryheroDevakafromthestorywhichhismothertoldhimbefo rehewenttosleep. D.Hisfatherreturnedsoonafterheandhismotherfellasleep. 31:yibichofthefollowingdidNOThappenwhenhisfatherstayedonattheshopafterclosingti me?– A:Hisfatherreturnedhomeverylatefromtheshopandatewhathadbeensetasideforhim. B.Hismothersenthimseveraltimestotheshoptoseeifhecouldcallhisfatherhome. C.Aroundmidnight,hisfathercamehomeandatethenighttimemealwithhimandhismother. D.Hisfathersleptforashortwhilebeforehegotupwhenthecockcrowed. ReadTEXTD,anextractfromabookonshort-termmemory,andanswerquestions32to35.TEXTD Psychologistsstudymemoryandlearningwithbothanimalandhumansubjects.Thetwoexperim entsreviewedhereshowhowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied. Hunterstudiedshort-termmemoryinrats.Heusedaspecialapparatuswhichhadacageforther atandthreedoors.Therewasalightineachdoor.Firsttheratwasplacedintheclosedcage.Ne xtoneofthelightswasturnedonandthenoff.%.Therewasfoodfortheratonlyatthisdoor.Aft erthelightwasturnedoff,therathadtowaitashorttimebeforeitwasreleasedfromitscage. Then,ifkwenttothecorrectdoor,itwasrewardedwiththefoodthatwasthere.Hunterdidthis experimentmanytimes.Healwaysturnedonthelightsinarandomorder.Therathadtowaitdiff erentintervalsbeforeitwasreleasedfromthecage.Hunterfoundthatiftherathadto.waitm orethantenseconds,itcouldnotrememberthecorrectdoor.Hunter'sresultsshowthatratsh aveashort-termmemoryofabouttenseconds. HenningstudieshowstudentswholearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary. Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75studentsattheUniversityofCaliforniainLosAngeles. TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish.beginning,intermediate,advanced;andn

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