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发布时间：2022-06-08 发布人：admin 分类：说明书 资料大小：1.10M 资料格式：pdf 举报 版权申诉
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    PROFIBUS 规范—标准部分 第八部分：用户规范 PROFIBUS Specification-Normative Parts Part 8: User Specification 1
    第八部分 用户规范 目录 页码 应用领域与目的···································································································· 7 1 引用标准和附加引用材料 ···················································································· 7 2 3 缩略语 ··················································································································· 8 术语 ······················································································································· 9 4 5 对 PROFOBUS-DP 系统的要求 ·········································································· 12 系统行为 ·············································································································· 12 6 概述 ······················································································································ 12 6.1 6.2 同步 ······················································································································ 14 组合设备 ·············································································································· 14 6.3 通信模型 ·············································································································· 15 7 7.1 概述 ······················································································································ 15 协议结构 ·············································································································· 15 7.2 7.3 通信关系 ·············································································································· 17 功能概况 ·············································································································· 19 7.4 服务执行 ·············································································································· 20 7.5 7.5.1 主-从通信 ············································································································· 20 主-主通信 ············································································································· 22 7.5.2 8 介质存取与传输协议 ··························································································· 24 概述 ······················································································································ 24 8.1 令牌轮转时间······································································································· 26 8.2 8.3 优先权 ·················································································································· 27 控制间隔 ·············································································································· 27 8.4 系统反应时间······································································································· 28 8.5 8.6 帧格式 ·················································································································· 29 地址扩展 ·············································································································· 29 8.7 8.8 总线参数 ·············································································································· 29 统计计数器··········································································································· 30 8.9 直接数据链路映象程序（DDLM）与用户接口间的接口································· 30 9 9.1 设备专用功能引用······························································································· 30 DDLM 功能调用的描述格式··············································································· 31 9.2 9.3 DP 主站—DP 从站功能······················································································· 33 读 DP 从站诊断信息···························································································· 33 9.3.1 9.3.2 传送输入与输出数据 ··························································································· 40 2
    9.3.3 读 DP 从站的输入与输出数据 ············································································ 41 9.3.4 发送参数数据······································································································· 42 9.3.5 检查组态数据······································································································· 45 9.3.6 读组态数据··········································································································· 50 9.3.7 对 DP 从站的控制命令 ························································································ 50 9.3.8 变更 DP 从站的地址···························································································· 52 9.4 DP 主站—DP 主站功能······················································································· 53 9.4.1 读主站诊断信息··································································································· 53 9.4.2 上载/下载 ············································································································· 56 9.4.3 激活参数集（无需确认的） ··············································································· 59 9.4.4 激活/解除激活参数集·························································································· 60 9.5 DP 从站的本地功能····························································································· 62 9.5.1 概述 ······················································································································ 62 9.5.2 DDLM_Slave_Init································································································· 62 9.5.3 DDLM_Set_minTsdr····························································································· 63 9.5.4 DDLM-Enter········································································································· 64 9.5.5 DDLM_Leave ······································································································· 64 9.5.6 DDLM_Fault········································································································· 64 9.6 DP 主站的本地功能····························································································· 65 9.6.1 概述 ······················································································································ 65 9.6.2 DDLM_Master_Init ······························································································ 65 9.6.3 DDLM_Responder_Init························································································· 65 9.6.4 DDLM_Requester_Init·························································································· 66 9.6.5 DDLM_Reset ········································································································ 66 9.6.6 DDLM_Set_Bus_Par····························································································· 66 9.6.7 DDLM_Set_Value································································································· 67 9.6.8 DDLM_Read_Value······························································································ 67 9.6.9 DDLM_Delete_SC································································································ 68 9.6.10 DDLM_Fault········································································································· 69 9.6.11 DDLM_Event········································································································ 69 10 用户接口与用户之间的接口 ··············································································· 70 10.1 DP 主站（1 类）·································································································· 70 10.1.1 数据接口 ·············································································································· 71 10.1.2 服务接口 ·············································································································· 72 10.1.2.1 设定操作模式······································································································· 73 10.1.2.2 操作模式改变时的信息 ······················································································· 74 3
    10.1.2.3 装载总线参数集··································································································· 74 10.1.2.4 同步数据传送······································································································· 75 10.1.2.5 对 DP 从站的控制命令 ························································································ 76 10.1.2.6 读统计计数器······································································································· 77 10.1.2.7 清统计计数器······································································································· 77 10.1.3 DP 主站（1 类）服务器的行为 ·········································································· 78 DP 主站（2 类）·································································································· 79 10.2 10.3 DP 从站 ················································································································ 79 编码 ······················································································································ 79 11 11.1 附加信息的编码规则 ··························································································· 79 11.1.1 概述 ······················································································································ 79 11.1.2 编码规则 ·············································································································· 80 11.1.3 附加信息的结构··································································································· 80 11.2 布尔数 ·················································································································· 83 无符号数 ·············································································································· 83 11.3 11.4 八位位组串··········································································································· 84 可视字符串··········································································································· 84 11.5 Set_Slave_Add 与 Global_Control 的编码··························································· 85 11.6 11.7 在 Data_Exchange 中 Data_Unit 的结构······························································ 85 11.8 主站参数集··········································································································· 86 11.8.1 总线参数集的编码······························································································· 86 DP 从站的参数集的编码 ····················································································· 89 11.8.2 统计计数器的编码······························································································· 91 11.9 12 直接数据链路映象程序（DDLM） ·································································· 92 概述 ······················································································································ 92 12.1 DDLM 与第 2 层的接口 ······················································································ 92 12.2 12.3 DP 主站与 DP 从站之间的通信 ·········································································· 94 DP 主站与 DP 主站之间的通信 ·········································································· 96 12.4 13 状态机的形式描述······························································································· 98 概述 ······················································································································ 98 13.1 13.2 DP 主站（1 类）的通信模型 ·············································································· 98 13.2.1 概述 ······················································································································ 98 13.2.2 现场总线数据链路（FDL）与现场总线管理层 1/2（FMA1/2）······················ 98 13.2.3 直接数据链路映象程序（DDLM）···································································· 98 13.2.4 用户接口 ·············································································································· 99 13.2.5 用户 ····················································································································· 100 4
    在 DP 主站中的状态机（主站-从站） ······························································ 102 13.3 Slave-Handler 的状态机······················································································ 102 13.3.1 Slave-Handler 的状态图······················································································ 102 13.3.1.1 13.3.1.2 状态机描述·········································································································· 103 13.3.1.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 105 13.3.2 Scheduler 的状态机····························································································· 116 13.3.2.1 cheduler 的状态图 ····························································································· 116 13.3.2.2 状态机描述·········································································································· 117 13.3.2.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 118 Service-Handler 的状态机··················································································· 132 13.3.3 13.3.3.1 Service-Handler 的状态图··················································································· 132 13.3.3.2 状态机描述·········································································································· 132 13.3.3.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 133 13.3.4 DDLM 的状态机 ································································································· 135 13.3.4.1 DDLM 的状态图 ································································································· 135 13.3.4.2 状态机描述 ········································································································ 135 13.3.4.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 136 13.4 DP 主站（2 类）的通信模型 ············································································· 146 13.4.1 概述 ····················································································································· 146 13.4.2 Profibus 的 FDL 与 FMA1/2 ··············································································· 147 13.4.3 直接数据链路映象程序(DDLM) ········································································ 147 13.4.4 用户 ····················································································································· 148 DP 主站中的状态机（主站-主站） ··································································· 149 13.5 13.5.1 DDLM DP 主站（1 类）的状态机·································································· 149 13.5.1.1 DDLM DP 主站（1 类）的状态图·································································· 149 13.5.1.2 状态机描述·········································································································· 150 13.5.1.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 151 13.5.2 DDLM DP 主站（2 类）的状态机·································································· 164 13.5.2.1 DDLM DP 主站（2 类）的状态图·································································· 164 13.5.2.2 状态机描述·········································································································· 164 13.5.2.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 165 13.6 DP 从站的通信模型···························································································· 176 13.6.1 概述 ····················································································································· 176 13.6.2 现场总线数据链路（FDL）与现场总线管理层 1/2（FMA1/2）····················· 176 13.6.3 直接数据链路映象程序（DDLM）··································································· 176 13.6.4 用户接口 ············································································································· 177 5
    13.6.5 用户 ····················································································································· 177 13.7 DP 从站中的状态机···························································································· 179 13.7.1 用户接口的状态机······························································································ 179 13.7.1.1 用户接口的状态图······························································································ 179 13.7.1.2 状态机描述·········································································································· 179 13.7.1.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 183 13.7.2 DDLM 的状态机 ································································································· 202 13.7.2.1 DDLM 的状态图 ······························································································· 202 13.7.2.2 状态机描述·········································································································· 202 13.7.2.3 状态转换 ············································································································· 203 14 设备的特性·········································································································· 211 14.1 概述 ····················································································································· 211 14.2 设备数据库文件的格式 ······················································································· 211 14.3 关键字的意义与编码 ··························································································· 212 14.3.1 概述 ····················································································································· 212 14.3.2 DP 关键字概述 ···································································································· 212 14.3.3 与 DP 主站（1 类）有关的关键字····································································· 215 14.3.4 与 DP 从站有关的关键字 ··················································································· 220 14.3.5 设备数据库（DDB）文件格式的形式描述······················································· 223 14.3.6 设备数据库（DDB）文件登入项的例子 ·························································· 231 15 应用特性 ············································································································· 233 15.1 限制····················································································································· 233 时间行为 ············································································································· 233 15.2 15.3 制造商标识符······································································································ 234 附录 2-B （标准的） ··········································································································· 235 混合操作 ····························································································································· 235 2-B.1 在同一总线上 FMS 设备与 DP 设备的混合操作 ·············································· 235 2-B.2 在同一设备中 FMS 与 DP 的混合操作······························································ 236 2-B.2.1 概述 ····················································································································· 236 2-B.2.2 组合设备的组态指南 ·························································································· 237 6
    1 应用领域与目的 PROFIBUS 规范包含很多种功能，以适用于宽广的应用范围。 它包括功能强的控制 器之间的单元通信以及与现场设备的接口。 第 2 部分到第 4 部分定义介质存取与传输控制（数据链路层，OSI 分层模型的第 2 层，也见 DIN 7498）以及物理层（第一层）。规范的这些部分与应用层功能无关。 第 5 部分与第 6 部分定义本现场总线规范的应用层（第 7 层）功能。这一部分规范 类似于制造报文规范 MMS (DIN ISO 9506) ，这样使得与 MAP（制造自动化协议）网络 的连接是可行的。 在应用中要求第二部分到第七部分具有 FMS 服务的高功能和对 MMS 的接口。 在分散外围设备区域的应用中并不需要 FMS 的强有力的服务，但要求特别短的系统 反应时间，这些应用将使用以后章节中介绍的解决方案。本规范第二部分到第四部分的众 所周知的特性是用一个非常有效的用户接口来组合的。于是，对这特殊的应用领域， PROFIBUS-DP 扩展了 PROFIBUS 标准序列。 为了管理通过一个串行接口与在制造应用中的控制器相连接的外围设备，下述定义描 述了必要的功能与电气特性。本规范描述一个简要模型, 但是实际的实现形式在本规范中 未作固定的规定。第 2 部分到第 4 部分用作物理层与数据链路层，同时扩展其定义来满足 远程外围设备的特殊要求。 分散外围设备（DP）主要在于连接自动化系统（诸如可编程控制器），它通过一个快 速串行链路连接到输入/输出设备、传感器、执行机构和智能设备。 PROFIBUS-DP 的主要目的是在功能强的主站（自动化系统）与若干个简单的从站（外 围设备）之间进行快速循环的数据交换。这样，这种系统主要使用主-从类型通信服务。 PROFIBUS 的混合介质存取允许主-从通信以及主-主通信。主-主通信是用于 DP 主站 （1 类）与 DP 主站（2 类）（编程器/诊断面板）之间的数据传送。 在不需要最大速率的应用中，可以将 PROFIBUS-DP 与 PROFIBUS-FMS 组合在同一 网络中。 标准引用与附加引用材料 2 DIN 41 652 第一部分 通信技术的接插连接；抽屉式技术结构的插件，梯形，园触点 （ 草案） 1mm。 DIN 66003 信息处理；7-位代码 DIN 66 259 第三部分 接口导线的电气特性；双流，对称，最大为 10M bit/s DIN EN 61131-2 可编控制器—第二部分：设备要求和测试 DIN EN 66306 工业自动化和集成化；制造业通信格式的确定；服务定义； 第一部分 与 ISO/IEC 9506-1：1990 一致 7
    DIN ISO 2375 数据处理；“换码顺序”登录方法 DIN ISO 7498 信息处理，开放系统通信；基本参考模型 EIA RS-485 用于平衡数字多点系统中的发生器和接收器的电气特性标准 1） 1) DIN 标准的来源 Beuth Verlag GmbH Berggrafenstr.. 6 D-10787 Berlin Germany 3 缩略语 AD 拒绝的存取 ASIC 专用集成电路 CNTR 控制信号 DDB 设备数据库 DGND 数据地（PHY, RS-485） DI 数据不完全 DP 分散的外围设备 DS 未连接的站 该站的本地 FDL/PHY 控制器不在逻辑令牌环中或从总线上断开了 EA 区域太大（上载/下载） FDL 现场总线数据链路层 FE 请求帧中的格式出错 FMA 现场总线管理 FMS 现场总线报文规范 GAP 在逻辑令牌环中，从本站（TS）到下一站(NS)之间的站地址范围 IP 无效参数 IV 请求中的无效参数 LE 数据区域长度太大（上载/下载） LLI 低层接口 LSAP 链路服务存取点，在特定的站中标识一个 FDL 用户 L_sdu Link_service_data_unit (链路服务数据单元) NA 无应答，远程站无反应 NC 主站参数集不兼容 NE 响应方的区域不可使用 NI 响应方的功能未被执行 8
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