[Gerhard_Weiss_(Ed)]_Multiagent_Systems(z-lib.org).pdf

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Contents in Brief

Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

Preface

The Subject of This Book

Main Features of This Book

Readership and Prerequisites

Changes from the First Edition

Structure and Chapters

The Exercises

How to Use This Book

Slides and More – TheWebsite of the Book

Acknowledgments

Contributing Authors

Part I. Agent Architectures and Organizations

Chapter 1. Intelligent Agents

1. Introduction

2. What Are Agents?

3. Architectures for Intelligent Agents

4. Conclusions

5. Exercises

References

Chapter 2. Multiagent Organizations

1. Introduction

2. Background

3. Multiagent Organizations

4. Institutions

5. Agents in Organizations

6. Evolution of Organizations

7. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

8. Exercises

References

Part II. Communication

Chapter 3. Agent Communication

1. Introduction

2. Conceptual Foundations of Communication in MAS

3. Traditional Software Engineering Approaches

4. Traditional AI Approaches

5. Commitment-Based Multiagent Approaches

6. Engineering with Agent Communication

7. Advanced Topics and Challenges

8. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

9. Exercises

References

Chapter 4. Negotiation and Bargaining

1. Introduction

2. Aspects of Negotiation

3. Game-Theoretic Approaches for Single-Issue Negotiation

4. Game-Theoretic Approaches for Multi-Issue Negotiation

5. Heuristic Approaches for Multi-Issue Negotiation

6. Negotiating with Humans

7. Argumentation-Based Negotiation

8. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

9. Exercises

References

Chapter 5. Argumentation among Agents

1. Introduction

2. What Is an Argument?

3. Evaluating an Argument

4. Argumentation Protocols

5. Strategic Argumentation and Game Theory

6. The Argument Interchange Format

7. Conclusion

Acknowledgment

8. Exercises

References

Part III. Basic Coordination

Chapter 6. Computational Social Choice

1. Introduction

2. Preference Aggregation

3. Voting

4. Combinatorial Domains

5. Fair Division

6. Conclusion

Acknowledgments

7. Exercises

References

Chapter 7. Mechanism Design and Auctions

1. Introduction

2. Mechanism Design with Unrestricted Preferences

3. Quasilinear Preferences

4. Efficient Mechanisms

5. Single-Good Auctions

6. Position Auctions

7. Combinatorial Auctions

8. Conclusions

9. Exercises

References

Chapter 8. Computational Coalition Formation

1. Introduction

2. Definitions

3. Solution Concepts

4. Representation Formalisms

5. Coalition Structure Generation

6. Conclusions

7. Exercises

References

Chapter 9. Trust and Reputation in Multiagent Systems

1. Introduction

2. Computational Representation of Trust and Reputation Values

3. Trust Processes in Multiagent Systems

4. Reputation in Multiagent Societies

5. Trust, Reputation, and Other Agreement Technologies

6. Conclusions

7. Exercises

References

Part IV. Distributed Cognitive Abilities

Chapter 10. Multiagent Learning

1. Introduction

2. Challenges in Multiagent Learning

3. Reinforcement Learning for Multiagent Systems

4. Evolutionary Game Theory as a Multiagent Learning Paradigm

5. Swarm Intelligence as a Multiagent Learning Paradigm

6. Neuro-Evolution as a Multiagent Learning Paradigm

7. Case Study: Air Traffic Control

8. Conclusions

9. Exercises

References

Chapter 11. Multiagent Planning, Control, and Execution

1. Introduction

2. Characterizing Multiagent Planning and Control

3. Coordination Prior to Local Planning

4. Local Planning Prior to Coordination

5. Decision-Theoretic Multiagent Planning

6. Multiagent Execution

7. Conclusions

8. Exercises

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 12. Distributed Constraint Handling and Optimization

1. Introduction

2. Distributed Constraint Handling

3. Applications and Benchmarking Problems

4. Solution Techniques: Complete Algorithms

5. Solution Techniques: Approximate Algorithms

6. Solution Techniques with Quality Guarantees

7. Conclusions

8. Exercises

References

Part V. Development and Engineering

Chapter 13. Programming Multiagent Systems

1. Introduction

2. From AGENT0 to Modern Agent Languages

3. Abstractions in the MAOP Paradigm

4. Examples of Agent Programming Languages

5. Organization and Environment Programming

6. Example of Full MAOP in JaCaMo

7. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

8. Exercises

References

Chapter 14. Specification and Verification of Multiagent Systems

1. Introduction

2. Agent Specification

3. From Specifications to Implementations

4. Formal Verification

5. Deductive Verification of Agents

6. Algorithmic Verification of Agent Models

7. Algorithmic Verification of Agent Programs

8. Conclusions

9. Exercises

References

Chapter 15. Agent-Oriented Software Engineering

1. Introduction

2. Agent Concepts

3. Running Example

4. Requirements

5. Design

6. Detailed Design

7. Implementation

8. Assurance

9. Software Maintenance

10. Comparing Methodologies

11. Conclusions

12. Exercises

Appendix: Agent UML Sequence Diagram Notation

References

Part VI. Technical Background

Chapter 16. Logics for Multiagent Systems

1. Introduction

2. Representing Cognitive States

3. Representing the Strategic Structure of a System

4. Conclusion and Further Reading

5. Exercises

References

Chapter 17. Game-Theoretic Foundations of Multiagent Systems

1. Introduction

2. Normal-Form Games

3. Extensive-Form Games

4. Bayesian Games

5. Conclusions

6. Exercises

References

Subject Index

Multiagent Systems

Intelligent Robotics and Autonomous Agents Edited by Ronald C. Arkin Dorigo, Marco, and Marco Colombetti, Robot Shaping: An Experiment in Behavior En- gineering Arkin, Ronald C.,Behavior-Based Robotics Stone, Peter, Layered Learning in Multiagent Systems: A Winning Approach to Robotic Soccer Wooldridge, Michael, Reasoning About Rational Agents Murphy, Robin R., An Introduction to AI Robotics Mason, Matthew T., Mechanics of Robotic Manipulation Kraus, Sarit, Strategic Negotiation in Multiagent Environments Nolﬁ, Stefano, and Dario Floreano, Evolutionary Robotics: The Biology, Intelligence, and Technology of Self-Organizing Machines Siegwart, Roland, and Illah R. Nourbakhsh, Introduction to Autonomous Mobile Robots Breazeal, Cynthia L., Designing Sociable Robots Bekey, George A., Autonomous Robots: From Biological Inspiration to Implementation and Control Choset, Howie, Kevin M. Lynch, Seth Hutchinson, George Kantor, Wolfram Burgard, Lydia E. Kavraki, and Sebastian Thrun, Principles of Robot Motion: Theory, Algorithms, and Implementations Thrun, Sebastian, Wolfram Burgard, and Dieter Fox, Probabilistic Robotics Mataric, Maja J., The Robotics Primer Wellman, Michael P., Amy Greenwald, and Peter Stone, Autonomous Bidding Agents: Strategies and Lessons from the Trading Agent Competition Floreano, Dario and Claudio Mattiussi, Bio-Inspired Artiﬁcial Intelligence: Theories, Methods, and Technologies Sterling, Leon S. and Kuldar Taveter, The Art of Agent-Oriented Modeling Stoy, Kasper, David Brandt, and David J. Christensen, An Introduction to Self- Reconﬁgurable Robots Lin, Patrick, Keith Abney, and George A. Bekey, editors, Robot Ethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Robotics Weiss, Gerhard, editor, Multiagent Systems, second edition

Multiagent Systems second edition edited by Gerhard Weiss The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England

c2013 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and re- trieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email special_sales@mitpress.mit.edu or write to Special Sales Department, The MIT Press, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142. This book was set in Times Roman by the editor. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Multiagent systems / edited by Gerhard Weiss. — Second edition. p. cm.—(Intelligent robotics and autonomous agents series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-01889-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Intelligent agents (Computer software) 2. Distributed artiﬁcial intelligence. I. Weiss, Gerhard, 1962– editor of compilation. QA76.76.I58M85 2013 006.3—dc23 2012024600 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

For Soﬁe, Alina, and Tina —G. W.

Contents in Brief Preface The Subject of This Book • Main Features of This Book • Readership and Prerequisites • Changes from the First Edition • Structure and Chapters • The Exercises • How to Use This Book • Slides and More – The Website of the Book • Acknowledgments xxxv xxxv Contributing Authors Part I Agent Architectures and Organizations 1 Intelligent Agents Michael Wooldridge 2 Multiagent Organizations Virginia Dignum and Julian Padget Part II Communication 3 Agent Communication Amit K. Chopra and Munindar P. Singh 4 Negotiation and Bargaining Shaheen Fatima and Iyad Rahwan 5 Argumentation among Agents Iyad Rahwan xliii 1 3 51 99 101 143 177

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