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Alexander.Shvets.Design.Patterns.Explained.Simply.pdf

发布时间：2022-06-15 发布人：admin 分类：说明书 资料大小：1.18M 资料格式：pdf 举报 版权申诉
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    Index
    Overview
    Creational patterns
    Structural patterns
    Behavioral patterns
    Abstract Factory
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Adapter
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Bridge
    Intent
    Problem
    Motivation
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Builder
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Chain of Responsibility
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Command
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Composite
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Opinions
    Decorator
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Facade
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Factory Method
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Flyweight
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Interpreter
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Iterator
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Mediator
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Memento
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Null Object
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Rules of thumb
    Object Pool
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Observer
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Private Class Data
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Check list
    Prototype
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Proxy
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Singleton
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    State
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Strategy
    Intent
    Problem
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Template Method
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    Visitor
    Intent
    Problem
    Discussion
    Structure
    Example
    Check list
    Rules of thumb
    About The Author
    Blank Page
    Praise for Design Patterns This book isn't an introduction to object-oriented technology or design. Many books already do a good job of that. This isn't an advanced treatise either. It's a book of design patterns that describe simple and elegant solutions to specific problems in object-oriented software design. Once you understand the design patterns and have had an "Aha!" (and not just a "Huh?" experience with them, you won't ever think about object-oriented design in the same way. You'll have insights that can make your own designs more flexible, modular, reusable, and understandable - which is why you're interested in object-oriented technology in the first place, right?
    Index INDEX ........................................................................................................ 5 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................. 6 ABSTRACT FACTORY ................................................................................ 10 ADAPTER ................................................................................................. 14 BRIDGE .................................................................................................... 18 BUILDER .................................................................................................. 24 CHAIN OF RESPONSIBILITY ....................................................................... 28 COMMAND .............................................................................................. 32 COMPOSITE ............................................................................................. 36 DECORATOR ............................................................................................ 41 FACADE ................................................................................................... 47 FACTORY METHOD .................................................................................. 51 FLYWEIGHT .............................................................................................. 56 INTERPRETER ........................................................................................... 60 ITERATOR ................................................................................................ 63 MEDIATOR .............................................................................................. 67 MEMENTO ............................................................................................... 72 NULL OBJECT ........................................................................................... 75 OBJECT POOL ........................................................................................... 80 OBSERVER ............................................................................................... 84 PRIVATE CLASS DATA ............................................................................... 88 PROTOTYPE ............................................................................................. 90 PROXY ..................................................................................................... 94 SINGLETON .............................................................................................. 97 STATE .................................................................................................... 101 STRATEGY .............................................................................................. 105 TEMPLATE METHOD .............................................................................. 109 VISITOR ................................................................................................. 113 ABOUT THE AUTHOR ............................................................................. 119 Index | 5
    Overview In software engineering, a design pattern is a general repeatable solution to a commonly occurring problem in software design. A design pattern isn't a finished design that can be transformed directly into code. It is a description or template for how to solve a problem that can be used in many different situations. Design patterns can speed up the development process by providing tested, proven development paradigms. Effective software design requires considering issues that may not become visible until later in the implementation. Reusing design patterns helps to prevent subtle issues that can cause major problems and improves code readability for coders and architects familiar with the patterns. Often, people only understand how to apply certain software design techniques to certain problems. These techniques are difficult to apply to a broader range of problems. Design patterns provide general solutions, documented in a format that doesn't require specifics tied to a particular problem. In addition, patterns allow developers to communicate using well- known, well understood names for software interactions. Common design patterns can be improved over time, making them more robust than ad- hoc designs. 6 | Overview
    Creational patterns This design patterns is all about class instantiation. This pattern can be further divided into class-creation patterns and object-creational patterns. While class-creation patterns use inheritance effectively in the instantiation process, object-creation patterns use delegation effectively to get the job done. Abstract Factory 10 Creates an instance of several families of classes Builder 24 Separates object construction from its representation Factory Method 51 Creates an instance of several derived classes Object Pool 80 Avoid expensive acquisition and release of resources by recycling objects that are no longer in use Prototype 90 A fully initialized instance to be copied or cloned Singleton 97 A class of which only a single instance can exist Overview | 7
    Structural patterns This design patterns is all about Class and Object composition. Structural class-creation patterns use inheritance to compose interfaces. Structural object-patterns define ways to compose objects to obtain new functionality. Adapter 14 Match interfaces of different classes Bridge 18 Separates an object’s interface from its implementation Composite 36 A tree structure of simple and composite objects Decorator 41 Add responsibilities to objects dynamically Façade 47 A single class that represents an entire subsystem Flyweight 56 A fine-grained instance used for efficient sharing Private Class Data 88 Restricts accessor/mutator access Proxy 94 An object representing another object 8 | Overview
    Behavioral patterns This design patterns is all about Class's objects communication. Behavioral patterns are those patterns that are most specifically concerned with communication between objects. Chain of responsibility 28 A way of passing a request between a chain of objects Command 32 Encapsulate a command request as an object Interpreter 60 A way to include language elements in a program Iterator 63 Sequentially access the elements of a collection Mediator 67 Defines simplified communication between classes Memento 72 Capture and restore an object's internal state Null Object 75 Designed to act as a default value of an object Observer 84 A way of notifying change to a number of classes State 101 Alter an object's behavior when its state changes Strategy 105 Encapsulates an algorithm inside a class Template method 109 Defer the exact steps of an algorithm to a subclass Visitor 113 Defines a new operation to a class without change Overview | 9
    Abstract Factory Intent • Provide an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes. • A hierarchy that encapsulates: many possible "platforms", and the construction of a suite of "products". • The new operator considered harmful. Problem If an application is to be portable, it needs to encapsulate platform dependencies. These "platforms" might include: windowing system, operating system, database, etc. Too often, this encapsulatation is not engineered in advance, and lots of #ifdef case statements with options for all currently supported platforms begin to procreate like rabbits throughout the code. Discussion Provide a level of indirection that abstracts the creation of families of related or dependent objects without directly specifying their concrete classes. The "factory" object has the responsibility for providing creation services for the entire platform family. Clients never create platform objects directly, they ask the factory to do that for them. This mechanism makes exchanging product families easy because the specific class of the factory object appears only once in the application - where it is instantiated. The application can wholesale replace the entire family of products simply by instantiating a different concrete instance of the abstract factory. Because the service provided by the factory object is so pervasive, it is routinely implemented as a Singleton. 10 | Abstract Factory
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