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2015江苏南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语考研真题.doc
2015 江苏南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语考研真题
I. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points)
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there
are fourchoices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes
the sentence. Then write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.
1. So nervous _____ that he didn’t know how to explain.
A. since he became B. would he become C. that he became D. did he become
2. Had I received one more vote in the last election, I ______ the chairman now.
A. might have been B. would have been C. were D. would be
3. Snow aids farmers by keeping heat in the lower ground levels, thereby ______ from
freezing.
A. to save the seeds B. which saves the seeds C. saving the seeds D. the seeds saved
4. Kate was watching a movie, completely _____ to the outside world.
A. being lost B. having lost C. losing D. lost
5. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _____ the behavior of an animal
depends mainly on instinct.
A. while B. when C. as D. for
6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _____ a sudden
loud noise.
A. being there B. there was C. there having been D. should there be
7. ______ the English examination, I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
A. In spite of B. Bur for C. As for D. Because of
8. _____ a rainy day, I decided to stay at home.
A. It being B. What C. Being D. Such
9. She never laughed, _____ lose her temper.
A. or she ever did B. nor did she ever C. or did she ever D. nor she ever did
10. Language belongs to each one of us, to the flower-seller ____ to professor.
A. as much as B. as fat as C. the same as D. as long as
11.The policeman accidentally discovered the _____ of the stolen money.
A. location B. site C. spot D. position
12. The funeral will be ____, and only members of the dead man’s family will attend.
A. alone B. personal C. peculiar D. private
13. _____ any remarriage this money would pass to your late husband’s younger
brother.
A. On account of B. In accordance with C. With reference of D. In the event of
14. Several members of the committee, unwilling to take sides, _____ from voting.
A. abstained B. declined C. dodged D. eluded
15. No one is ____ to serve on the committee until he has been a member of the club
for two years.
A. applicable B. congenial C. eligible D. convenient
16. There have been so many ____ statements about the invention that it is difficult
to know where the truth lies.
A. conflicting B. distinguished C. reactionary D. reverse
17. The judge recommended more humane forms of punishment for juvenile _____.
A. convicts B. delinquents C. outlaws D. villains
18. It is delightful island, above all because it is still ____, in spite of the
growth of tourism.
A. humble B. primitive C. rural D. unspoiled
19. His plan sounds_____, so you’d better carry it out.
A. feasible B. feeble C. favorable D. edible
20. Her life was devoted to _____ the sick and needy.
A. caring of B. caring with C. caring about D. caring for
II. Cloze (20 points)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are
four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into
the passage. Then write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Movie makers feared for a while that they might be put out of business by television.
Recently, ___21___, more and more people have been going to the movies. This ___22___
be partly because the economic situation in America has become ___23___. In the
movies, you forget your troubles as you get ___24___ in the story on the screen.
Also, directors have been producing pictures that ___25___ numbers of people want
to see. Americans___26___ the millions are returning to a love ___27___ with the
movies. Motion picture ___28___ experts see two main ___29___ for this: an increased
need by Americans to ___30___ from economic worries and a large number of new movies
with broad audience ___31___. Movies makers admit that their ___32___ popularity
is___33___ the result of poor ___34___ conditions, which traditionally bring an
increase in theater ___35___.
“When people are fearful ___36___ the future, they look for escape,” ___37___Jack
Valenti, president of the Motion Picture Association of America. “In a ___38___
theater, with a 65-foot screen, you lose ___39___ for two and a half hours. People
find this ___40___.
21. A especially B. further C. however D. moreover
22. A. might B. could C. should D. may
23. A. better B. worse C. best D. improved
24. A. connected B. encouraged C. involved D. shocked
25. A. large B. small C. few D. little
26. A. of B. in C. for D. with
27. A. event B. occurrence C. accident D. affair
28. A. industry B. deal C. manufacture D. contract
29. A. excuses B. factors C. reasons D. proofs
30. A. hide B. separate C. break D. escape
31. A. appeal B. interest C. consideration D. concern
32. A. raising B. falling C. rising D. losing
33. A. by no means B. partly C. insufficiently D. completely
34. A. cultural B. industrial C. commercial D. economic
35. A. attendance B. buildings C. performances D. programs
36. A. to B. about C. with D. at
37. A. claims B. comments C. commends D. complains
38. A. shaded B. darkening C. colorful D. lighted
39. A. reason B. worry C. taste D. yourself
40. A. beneficial B. harmful C. unhealthy D. humorous
III. Reading Comprehension (30 points)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked
A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer
on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
A growing world’s population and the discoveries of science may alter this pattern
of distribution in the future.
As men slowly learn to master disease, control floods, prevent famines and stop wars,
fewer people die every year; and in consequence the population of the world is
steadily increasing. In 1925 there were about 2000 million people in the world; by
the end of the century there may well be over 4000 million.
When numbers rise, the extra mouths must be fed. New lands must be brought under
cultivation, or land already farmed made to yield larger crops. In some areas the
accessible land is largely so intensively cultivated that it will be difficult to
make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land
is parceled out in units too tiny to allow for much improvement in farming methods.
Were a large part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupation,
the land might be farmed much more productively by modernmethods.
There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the output of food
rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being
developed which will thrive in unfavorable climates;there are now farms beyond the
Arctic Circle in Siberia and North America; irrigation and dry-farming methods
bring arid lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to ensure
water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries;
industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils; airplanes spray
crops to destroy locusts and many plant diseases. Every year some new means is devised
to increase or to protect the food of the world.
41. The author says that the world’s population is growing because ___________
A. there are many rich valleys and fertile plains
B. the pattern of distribution is being altered
C. people are living longer
D. new land is being brought under cultivation
42. We are told that there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle. This has been
made possible by ______.
A. producing new strains of crops
B. irrigation and dry-farming methods
C. providing fertilizers
D. destroying pests and diseases
43. If a large part of faming population are employed in industry, the land may be
cultivated_____.
A. by modern methods B. worse C. by old methods D. better
44. Which of these words is nearest in meaning to the word “strain”?
A. types B. sizes C. seeds D. harvests
45. This passage focuses on ______.
A. population
B. food production
C. control of disease
D. development of science and technology
Passage 2
A British sociologist has advanced the theory that many working-class children are
unsuccessful at school because of the nature of their language. They use what he
terms a “restricted” code of speech, whereas most teachers use an “elaborated”
code, which is familiar to middle-class children.
Working-class language is a language of personal experience and direct command
rather than of rationalization and distinction between subtleties. In school,
however, the latter abilities are demanded of children.
Middle-class children, who have been brought up in such a way as to enable them to
respond to argument and reasoning, are able to cope with the classroom situation
much better than their working-class contemporaries,who are frequently at a loss
to understand the implication of what their teacher is saying.
So it seems that working-class children fail to take full advantage of the
educational system, not because they are less bright than middle-class children,
but because the language of the classroom is alien to them.
46. What do you know from the first paragraph?
A. Working-class children do less well at school in comparison with the middle-class
children.
B. Middle-class children do as well as working-class children at school
C. School teachers and middle-class children bear less similarity in language.
D. School teachers and working-class children bear more similarities in language.
47. Middle-school children do better at school because _______.
A. they have learned much more than working-class children before they go to school
B. they are brighter than working-class children
C. school teachers give them more help
D. they can understand their teachers better than the working-class children in class
48. The word “alien” in the last paragraph means ________.
A. difficult to understand B. strange C. new D. stupid
49. The gap between working-class children and their teachers can be narrowed only
by _____.
A. giving them more help
B. giving them more time to review their lessons
C. improving their language
D. giving them more homework to do
50.The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to ______.
A. argue a belief B. describe a phenomenon C. be entertaining D. propose a solution
Passage 3
Every year thousands of people are arrested and taken to court for shop-lifting.
In Britain alone, about HK $ 3000 000’s worth of goods are stolen from shops every
week. This amounts to something like HK $ 150 million a year, and represents about
4 per cent of the shops’ total stock. As a result of this “shrinkage” as the shops
call it, the honest public has to pay higher prices.
Shoplifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the
deliberate amateur, and the people who just can’t help themselves. The professionals
do not pose much of a problem for the store detectives, who, assisted by closed
circuit television, two-way mirrors and various other technological devices, can
usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts
of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account
for only a small percentage of the total losses due to shoplifting.
The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in
training. Most of them getcaught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely
by the courts.
The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temptation and is in all
other respects an honest and law-abiding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect,
this kind of shoplifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods
and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself.
And there are countless others who, because of age, sickness or plain
absent-mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops. When
caught, all are liable to prosecution, and the decision whether to send for the police
or not is in the hands of the store manager.
In order to prevent the quite incredible growth in shop-lifting offences, some stores,
in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting
customers from taking bags into the store. However,what is most worrying about the
whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent
majority being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small
minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the
possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, the
other 999 999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays. Unless the
situation in the shops improves, in ten years’ time we may all have to subject
ourselves to a body-search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans!
51.Why does the honest public have to pay higher prices when they go to the shops?
A. There is “shrinkage” in market values.
B. Many goods are not available.
C. Goods in many shops lack variety.
D. There are many cases of shoplifting.
52. The third group of people steal things because they _____
A. are mentally ill B. are quite absent-minded
C. can not resist the temptation D. can not afford to pay for goods
53. According to the passage, law-abiding citizens _______.
A. can possibly steal things because of their poverty
B. can possibly take away good without paying
C. have never stolen goods from the supermarkets
D. are difficult to be caught when they steal things
54. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the main types of
shop-lifting?
A. A big percentage of the total losses are caused by the professionals.
B. The deliberate amateurs will be punished severely if they get caught.
C. People would expect that those who can’t help themselves are poor.
D. The professionals don’t cause a lot of trouble to the store detectives.
55.The aircraft hijack situation is used in order to show that _____.
A. “ the professionals do not pose much of a problem for the stores”
B. some people “simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops”
C. “the honest public has to pay higher prices”
D. the third type of shoplifters are dangerous people
Passage 4
Recent findings in the southeast corner of Washington indicate that prehistoric
hunters roamed the area 10 000years ago, and perhaps even earlier. Remains of Marmes
Man uncovered at the site, among the oldest ever found on the North American continent,
consist of three separate, broken skullcaps and other skeletal material from more
than one individual. The site itself, a cave located above the convergence of the
Snake and Palouse Rivers, records the longest span of human existence found in the
New World, and hints that man has lived in North America for close to 13 000 years.
Although radiocarbon dating places samples unearthed near Lewisville, Texas, as
early as 38 000 years ago, some archeologists contend that accidental fires rather
than human hearths produced the charcoal. Pieces of stone that may have been
fashioned for choppers and scrapers have also been found at Lewisville and other
extremely ancient sites, but these, too, are disputed.
First discovered in 1965 by an expedition from Washington State University, the
Marmes site has a unique and continuous sequence of man-made artifacts, fossil animal
bones and geological strata, as well as human skeletal remains. Among the artifacts
is an extremely line bone needle, probably used to sew waterproof average
diameter of 1/3232 of an inch, which is “probably the oldest artifact of its kind
ever found in the United States.” As a feat of engineering, it has been compared
to the wheel. Unfortunately, further exploration of the site has been stopped by
dam construction which flooded the area near Snake River recently.
56. Probable remains of Marmes Man were uncovered ________.
A. near Lewisville, Texas B. in Washington State University
C. in a cave D. underneath a river
57. According to the passage, how many years has man lived in North America?
A. 10 000—13 000 B. 12 000--- 13 000
C. 19 000---25 000 D. 30 000
58. All of the following were found at the site in Washington EXCEPT______
A. broken skullcaps B. fossil animal bones C. a bone needle D. a primitive wheel
59. The passage implies that ancient man probably knew ________
A. how to build a wheel B. how to sew C. how to read D. none of the above
60.The article indicates that ______
A. the Snake River area has a great deal of rain
B. the expedition took place at Washington State University
C. the archeologists used needles as tools
D. radiocarbon is used to determine the age of plant or animal origin
IV. Translation (30 points)
Directions: Translate the following passages. Please write your version in the
corresponding
space on your Answer Sheet.
1. Universities are holding special seminars at which professors and students
discuss the problem. At least one school, the University of Illinois, issues a
pamphlet for its faculty that describes some of the more ingenious methods students
may use to cheat and ways to stop them. Several others are tightening their computer
security,after having discovered that computer hackers were breaking into
electronic college files in order to alter their grades.
2. Of course, today scientists, engineers and a few million computer hobbyists know
the power of computer networking, and they take the convenience of networking for
granted. But imagine that the network could transmit not just text video and voice.
It is easy to imagine uses for such a system because prototypes are already available.
But the prototypes are limited because they link only a few computers.
3.博物馆变了。 许多博物馆在外表上发生了变化。 一些古老的， 灰暗的博物馆已经重建，
较新的博物馆建筑都很敞亮和现代化。 内部有现代化的照明、色彩和音响。 越来越多的博
物馆负责人认识到：
当人们能设法成为他所观察的事物的一部分时， 学习效果最好。
V. Writing (10 points)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the
topic Pollution: An Increasing Concern In China. You should write at least 150 words
and you should base your composition on the following instructions.
Outline:
1. Present the present situation
2. Causes of the situation
3. Your suggestions.
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