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2008 年天津商业大学基础英语考研真题 Part One Vocabulary Directions: Among the four choices, choose the one that is the best to explain the given word. (25%) 1. conceivable A. reasonable B. imaginable C. considerable D. credible 2. sepulchral A. overwhelmed B. pleasant C. picturesque D. gloomy 3. burnished A. polish B. smooth and shiny C. having been burned D. something made of copper 4. girder A. an I-shaped iron beam B. closely organized association C. ancient trade union D. a tree trunk 5. distinct A. distinguish B. distance C. clear D. distract 6. humble A. hunch B. hump C. respect D. lowly 7. conviction A. convention B. strong belief C. the state of being convinced D. certainty 8. count on A. depend on B. expect C. take into account D. number 9. enlist A. enroll B. attract C. obtain D. compose 10. onslaught A. invasion B. aggression C. fierce attack D. annexation

11. cataract A. cataclysm B. horror C. disaster D. flood 12. fortify A. multiply by forty B. strengthen C. a stronghold D. fortress 13. intervene A. invade B. aggression C. intermezzo D. interfere 14. horde A. class B. squad C. company D. throng 15. primordial A. prim B. moral C. fundamental D. module 16. smart A. feel distressed B. wisdom C. foe D. folly 17. vestige A. trace B. vest C. invest D. privilege 18. hectic A. affluent B. acute C. exciting D. naughty 19. derelict A. grievous B. deprived C. abandoned D. hunted 20. hummock A. a desert B. a low rounded hill C. a high mountain D. a plain 21. stow A. load roughly B. unload carefully C. move quickly D. hide away 22. frenzied A. full of uncontrolled excitement B. full of happiness C. depressed D. encouraged 23. desolate A. isolated B. united C. eccentric D. barren 24. slump A. rise up B. sink down C. move on D. repeat 25. squash

A. invade B. infer C. squeeze D. separate 26. infuriate A. set apart from other B. fill with rage C. become fastened D. keep in a certain position 27. inquisitive A. unnecessarily curious B. seriously urgent C. completely controlled D. ready made 28. sidle A. climb secretly B. slide smoothly C. slip fast D. walk sideways 29. nibble A. eat large pieces B. swallow down C. take small bits D. sip bit by bit 30. ghetto A. musical instrument B. poor area C. dust D. grave 31. hack A. cut carefully B. dig roughly C. make slowly D. move smoothly 32. stork A. green grass B. black soil C. white bird D. small plant 33. garrison A. railway station B. training centre C. military camp D. battle field 34. hobble A. walk in difficulty with small steps B. walk quickly with strides C. walk slowly and lazily D. walk sideways with tips and toes 35. bumpy A. smooth B. rough C. heavy D. stout 36. witchcraft A. craftsmanship B. black magic C. airplane D. supervisor 37. nostalgic A. sensational B. romantic C. homesick D. fashionable 38. stature A. status B. statue C. station D. statute

39. mores A. customs B. drugs C. adventurousness D. sergeants 40. orgy A. bombast B. binary C. compatible D. digitized 41. contingent A. corps B. distinction C. notion D. morality 42. obsolescent A. unabated B. smug C. outmoded D. sodden 43. obliquely A. sexually B. reluctantly C. internationally D. indirectly 44. harass A. plead B. trouble C. scold D. flout 45. fad A. feature B. imitator C. craze D. pulpit 46. crook A. cook B. cheat C. cowboy D. writer 47. curb A. control B. shock C. escape D. drift 48. sterile A. cynical B. sensitive C. unproductive D. sophisticated 49. illicit A. legal B. illegal C. resistible D. irresistible 50. aftermath A. search B. investigation C. experiment D. consequence Part Two Reading comprehension Directions: I. Each of the passage below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on answer sheet. (30%)

Passage 1 If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. “On, that's God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor.” If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes

the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark. Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “if at first you don’t succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. 1. To make your humor work, you should_______ . ［A］ take advantage of different kinds of audience. ［B］ make fun of the disorganized people. ［C］ address different problems to different people. ［D］ show sympathy for your listeners. 2. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are________ . ［A］ impolite to new arrivals. ［B］ very conscious of their godlike role. ［C］ entitled to some privileges. ［D］ very busy even during lunch hours. 3. It can be inferred from the text that public services________ . ［A］ have benefited many people. ［B］ are the focus of public attention. ［C］ are an inappropriate subject for humor. ［D］ have often been the laughing stock. 4. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered_______. ［A］ in well-worded language. ［B］ as awkwardly as possible. ［C］ in exaggerated statements. ［D］ as casually as possible. 5. The best title for the text may be_______. ［A］ Use Humor Effectively. ［B］ Various Kinds of Humor.

［C］ Add Humor to Speech. ［D］ Different Humor Strategies. Passage Two Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to designate thing or process which have no names in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in nomenclature. Such special dialects, or jargons, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Beinguniversally understood by the divorce of particular science or art, they have the precision of mathematical formula. Besides, they save time, for it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it. Thousands of this terms are popularly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskirts of English language than actually within its borders. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, they have occupied great number of men from remote times, the technical vocabulary, is very old. It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fiber of our language. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound; and more generally understood, than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their old strata, become pretty familiar to cultivated persons, and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no

profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild. The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associates freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called “popular science” makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent discovers. Any important experiment, thought made in remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it—as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy. Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace. 6．This passage is primarily concerned with _______. [A] a new language [B] technical terminology [C] various occupations and professions [D] scientific undertakings 7. Special words used in technical discussion_________. [A] may become part of common speech [B] should be confined to scientific fields [C] should resemble mathematical formulae [D] are considered artificial speech 8. It is true that____________. [A] the average man of uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for him [B] various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargons [C] there is always a clear-cut non-technical word that may be substituted for the technical word [D] an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms 9. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in nomenclature of __________. [A] farming

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2008年天津商业大学基础英语考研真题.doc

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