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2017年12月英语四级真题及答案第一套.doc
2017 年 12 月英语四级真题及答案第一套
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how
to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at
least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each
news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1.
A) Her grandfather.
B)
Her grandmother.
C)
Her friend Erika.
D)
Her little brother.
2.
A) By taking pictures for passers-by.
B)
By selling lemonade and pictures.
C)
By working part time at a hospital.
D)
By asking for help on social media.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3.
A) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.
B)
Providing clean energy to five million people.
C)
Generating electric power for passing vehicles.
D)
Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.
4.
A) They are made from cheap materials.
B)
They are only about half an inch thick.
C)
They can be laid right on top of existing highways.
D)
They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) The lack of clues about the species.
C) Endless fighting in the region.
B) Inadequate funding for research. D) The hazards from the desert.
6.
A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.
B)
To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.
C)
To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.
D)
To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.
7. A) Lions’ tracks.
C) Some camping facilities.
B) Lions walking.
D) Traps set by local hunters.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of
each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) A special gift from the man.
C) A call from her dad.
B) Her wedding anniversary. D) Her “lucky birthday”.
9. A) Threw her a surprise party.
C) Bought her a gold necklace.
B) Took her on a trip overseas. D) Gave her a big model plane.
10. A) What her husband and the man are up to. B) What has been troubling her husband.
C)
The trip her husband has planned.
D)
The gift her husband has bought.
11. A) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.
B)
He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.
C)
He will tell the woman the secret if her husband agrees.
D)
He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) They take the rival’s attitude into account.
B)
They know when to adopt a tough attitude.
C)
They see the importance of making compromises.
D)
They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.
13. A) They know when to stop.
C) They know when to make compromises.
B) They know how to adapt.
D) They know how to control their emotion.
14. A) They are patient.
C) They are good at expression.
B) They learn quickly.
D) They uphold their principles.
15. A) Clarify items of negotiation.
C) Get to know the other side.
B) Make clear one’s intentions.
D) Formulate one’s strategy.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage,
you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be
spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) How space research benefits people on Earth. B) When the International Space
Station was built.
C)
How many space shuttle missions there will be.
D)
When America’s earliest space program started.
17. A) They tried to make best use of the latest technology.
B)
They tried to meet astronauts’ specific requirements.
C)
They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.
D)
They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.
18. A) They are expensive to make.
C) They were first made in space.
B) They are extremely accurate. D) They were invented in the 1970s.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) Everything was natural and genuine then.
B)
People had plenty of land to cultivate then.
C)
It marked the beginning of something new.
D)
It was when her ancestors came to America.
20. A) They were known to be creative.
C) They had all kinds of entertainment.
B) They enjoyed living a life of ease.
D) They believed in working for goals.
21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Furnishing her country house.
B) Doing needlework by the fire.
D) Polishing all the silver work.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) Sit down and try to calm yourself.
location.
C)
Use
a
map
to
identify
your
B) Call your family or friends for help.
D) Try to follow your footprints back.
23. A) You may end up entering a wonderland.
B)
You may get drowned in a sudden flood.
C)
You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.
D)
You may find a way out without your knowing it.
24. A) Walk uphill. C) Start a fire.
B) Look for food.
D) Wait patiently.
25. A) Check the local weather. B) Find a map and a compass.
C)
Prepare enough food and drink.
D)
Inform somebody of your plan.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
(40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required
to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following
the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each
choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter
for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not
use any of the words in the bank more than once.
A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but
skills that could help the treatment of human
these creatures have some
diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27
, but they are
just the latest in a long
26
line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having
a brain no bigger than the
of your index finger, pigeons have a very
impressive
memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as
accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often
30
28
29
32
31
with spreading disease rather than
it, but this long-tailed animal is
highly
. Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory
receptors (嗅觉感受器), whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats
the ability to detect 33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to
detect TB (肺结核). When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs
to 34 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab
technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes.
This rat detection method doesn’t rely on specialist equipment. It is also more
accurate – the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more
lives.
A) associated
B) examine
C) indicate
D) nuisance
E) peak
I) slight
J) specify
K) superior
L) suspicious
M) tip
F) preventing
N) treated
G) prohibiting
O) visual
H) sensitive
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements
attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.
Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a
paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the
questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?
Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search
for answers.
A)
I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have
returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am
making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply
the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.
Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what
B)
kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through
numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues
take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to
do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting
my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.
C)
As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and
guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors.
David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers
the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them
to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which
wouldn't happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained.
“Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure,
an essential work skill.”
He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012,
D)
125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had
cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.” Some
colleges have what they call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to
get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or
hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two
solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert on the subject
matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me
going.
Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale,
E)
made an impassioned appeal to her school's professors to refrain from take-home exams.
“Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term
work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear, time-limited boundaries,”
she told me. “Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other
assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”
F)
Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on
the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home,
where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes,
such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more
research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches
“History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville,
Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the
memorization of minute details. “In my field, it’s not what you know – it’s what
you know how to find out,” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more
coming all the time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the
answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.”
G)
Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and
course difficulty. “I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the
writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser,
a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at
Middlebury, says, “I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term,
but there is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get
to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer
term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin,
a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true exams. “If
you understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts,
they should be a breeze.”
How students ultimately handle tests may depend on their personal test-taking
H)
abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much
harder than it needs to be. And then there are those who, not knowing what questions
are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there
are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.
Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of
I)
my inability to
access the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate
Marber, told me, “We are learning not only all this information, but essentially
how to learn again. Our fellow students have just come out of high school. A lot
has changed since we were last in school.”
J)
If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share.
When I asked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “I like in-class exams because
the time is already reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on
a test,” he responded. It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam
questions a day or two in advance, and then doing the actual test in class with the
ticking clock overhead.
K)
Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently
for her final exam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising
that, “It is going to be a piece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened
pencils in hand, there was not a blue book in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate
cake and they each were given a slice.
36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.
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