IEEE 802.15.4A-2007.pdf

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Introduction

Notice to users

Errata

Interpretations

Patents

Contents

1. Overview

1.2 Scope

1.3 Purpose

3. Definitions

4. Acronyms and abbreviations

5. General description

5.1 Introduction

5.4 Architecture

5.4.1 Physical layer (PHY)

5.5 Functional overview

5.5.1 Superframe structure

5.5.2 Data transfer model

5.5.4 Improving probability of successful delivery

5.5.5 Power consumption considerations

5.5.6 Security

5.5.7 General overview of ranging

5.5.8 Management of UWB options

6. PHY specification

6.1 General requirements and definitions

6.1.1 Operating frequency range

6.1.2 Channel assignments

6.1.3 Minimum long interframe spacing (LIFS) and short interframe spacing (SIFS) periods

6.1.5 Transmit power

6.2 PHY service specifications

6.2.1 PHY data service

6.2.2 PHY management service

6.2.3 PHY enumerations description

6.3 PPDU format

6.3.1 Preamble field

6.3.2 SFD field

6.4 PHY constants and PIB attributes

6.4.2 PIB Attributes

6.5 2450 MHz PHY specifications

6.5a 2450 MHz PHY chirp spread spectrum (CSS) PHY

6.5a.1 Data rates

6.5a.2 Modulation and spreading

6.5a.3 CSS frame format

6.5a.4 Waveform and subchirp sequences

6.5a.5 2450 MHz band CSS radio specification

6.8 868/915 MHz band (optional) O-QPSK PHY specification

6.8a UWB PHY specification

6.8a.1 UWB frame format

6.8a.2 PPDU encoding process

6.8a.3 UWB PHY symbol structure

6.8a.4 PSDU timing parameters

6.8a.5 Preamble timing parameters

6.8a.6 SHR preamble

6.8a.7 PHY header (PHR)

6.8a.8 Data field

6.8a.9 UWB PHY modulation

6.8a.10 UWB PHY forward error correction (FEC)

6.8a.11 PMD operating specifications

6.8a.12 Transmitter specification

6.8a.13 UWB PHY optional pulse shapes

6.8a.14 Extended preamble for optional UWB CCA mode

6.8a.15 Ranging

6.9 General radio specifications

6.9.1 TX-to-RX turnaround time

6.9.3 Error-vector magnitude (EVM) definition

6.9.4 Transmit center frequency tolerance

6.9.5 Transmit power

6.9.6 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal

6.9.7 Receiver ED

6.9.9 CCA

7. MAC sublayer specification

7.1 MAC sublayer service specification

7.1.1 MAC data service

7.1.2 MAC management service

7.1.5 Beacon notification primitive

7.1.10 Primitives for specifying the receiver enable time

7.1.11 Primitives for channel scanning

7.1.16 Primitives for requesting data from a coordinator

7.1.16a Primitives for specifying dynamic preamble (for UWB PHYs)

7.1.16b Primitives for channel sounding (for UWB PHYs)

7.1.16c Primitives for ranging calibration (for UWB PHYs)

7.1.17 MAC enumeration description

7.4 MAC constants and PIB attributes

7.4.2 MAC PIB attributes

7.5 MAC functional description

7.5.2 Starting and maintaining PANs

7.5.7 GTS allocation and management

7.5.7a Ranging

Annex D (normative) Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma

D.1 Introduction

D.5 Identification of the protocol

D.7 PICS proforma tables

Annex D1 (informative) Location topics

D1.1 Overview

D1.2 Time-of-arrival estimation from channel sounding

D1.3 Asynchronous ranging

D1.4 Location estimation from range data

D1.5 Network location algorithms

Annex E (informative) Coexistence with other IEEE standards and proposed standards

E.1 Introduction

E.2 Standards and proposed standards characterized for coexistence

E.3 General coexistence issues

E.4 2400 MHz band coexistence performance (except for CSS PHYs)

E.5 800/900 MHz bands coexistence performance

E.6 2400 MHz band coexistence performance for CSS PHYs

E.7 UWB coexistence performance

E.8 E.6Notes on the calculations

Annex F (informative) IEEE 802.15.4 rRegulatory requirements

F.1 IEEE Std 802.15.4

F.2 IEEE 802.15.4a UWB

Annex H (informative) UWB PHY optional chaotic pulses

Annex I (informative) Example UWB PHY transmit data frame encoding

I.1 Channel used in the example

I.2 Encoding progression

IEEE Standard for Information technology— Telecommunications and information exchange between systems— Local and metropolitan area networks— Specific requirements Part 15.4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Amendment 1: Add Alternate PHYs M T . a 4 5 1 2 0 8 . IEEE Computer Society Sponsored by the LAN/MAN Standards Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 31 August 2007 IEEE Std 802.15.4a™-2007 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2006)

IEEE Std 802.15.4a™-2007 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2006) IEEE Standard for Information technology— Telecommunications and information exchange between systems— Local and metropolitan area networks— Specific requirements Part 15.4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Amendment 1: Add Alternate PHYs Sponsor LAN/MAN Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society Approved 22 March 2007 IEEE-SA Standards Board

Abstract: This standard defines for data communication devices using low-data-rate, low-power and low-complexity, short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area network (WPAN). Keywords: ad hoc network, low data rate, low power, LR-WPAN, mobility, PAN, personal area network, radio frequency, RF, short range, wireless, wireless personal area network, WPAN the protocol and compatible interconnection The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright © 2007 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 31 August 2007. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE and 802 are registered trademarks in the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. Print: PDF: ISBN 0-7381-5583-7 ISBN 0-7381-5584-5 SH95677 SS95677 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National Standards Institute, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and serve without compensation. While the IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus development process, the IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of the information contained in its standards. Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The IEEE disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damage, of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this, or any other IEEE Standard document. The IEEE does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained herein, and expressly disclaims any express or implied warranty, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a specific purpose, or that the use of the material contained herein is free from patent infringement. IEEE Standards documents are supplied “AS IS.” The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every five years for revision or reaffirmation. When a document is more than five years old and has not been reaffirmed, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard. In publishing and making this document available, the IEEE is not suggesting or rendering professional or other services for, or on behalf of, any person or entity. Nor is the IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any other person or entity to another. Any person utilizing this, and any other IEEE Standards document, should rely upon the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they relate to specific applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the Institute will initiate action to prepare appropriate responses. Since IEEE Standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any interpretation has also received the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formal consideration. At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered the personal views of that individual rather than the formal position, explanation, or interpretation of the IEEE. Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affiliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to: Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.

Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 802.15.4a-2007, IEEE Standard for Information Technology—Telecom- munications and Information Exchange Between Systems—Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Specific Requirements—Part 15.4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANS)—Amendment 1: Addition of Alternate PHYs. This amendment of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2006 specifies alternate physical layers (PHYs) in addition to the PHYs specified in the base standard. These alternative PHYs are as follows: — Ultra-wide band (UWB) PHY at frequencies of 3 GHz to 5 GHz, 6 GHz to 10 GHz, and less than 1 GHz — Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) PHY at 2450 MHz The UWB PHY supports an over-the-air mandatory data rate of 851 kb/s with optional data rates of 110kb/s, 6.81 Mb/s, and 27.24 Mb/s. The CSS PHY supports an over-the-air data rate of 1000 kb/s and optionally 250kb/s. The PHY chosen depends on local regulations, application, and user preference. Notice to users Errata if any, for the following URL: Errata, http://standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. this and all other standards can be accessed at Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http://standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/ interp/index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. A patent holder has filed a statement of assurance that it will grant licenses under these rights without compensation or under reasonable rates and nondiscriminatory, reasonable terms and conditions to all applications desiring to obtain such licenses. The IEEE makes no representation as to the reasonableness of rates and/or terms and conditions of the license agreements offered by patent holders. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standard Department. iv Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Participants At the time this amendment was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the IEEE P802.15 Working Group had the following voting members: Robert F. Heile, Chair Richard Alfvin, Vice Chair James D. Allen, Vice Chair Patrick W. Kinney, Vice Chair Patrick W. Kinney, Secretary Michael D. McInnis, Assistant Secretary and Editor John R. Barr, Task Group 3b Chair Reed Fisher, Task Group 3c Chair Robert Poor, Task Group 4b Chair Myung Lee, Task Group 5 Chair Erik Schylander, WNG Chair Patrick W. Kinney, Task Group 4aChair Vern Brethour, Task Group 4a Co-Editor-in-Chief Jay Bain, Task Group 4a Co-Editor-in-Chief Patrick Houghton, Task Group 4a Secretary John Lampe, Task Group 4a Editor at Large Vern Brethour, Ranging Technical Editor Zafer Sahinoglu, Ranging Technical vice-Editor Phil Orlik, UWB co-Technical and clause 6 editor Ismail Lakkis, UWB co-Technical editor Rainer Hach, CSS Technical editor Kyung-Kuk Lee, CSS Technical editor Matt Welborn, General Description/Document Structure Technical editor Jay Bain, MAC Technical editor Benjamin A. Rolfe, MAC Assistant Technical editor Matt Welborn, Coexistence & Regulatory Technical editor Camillo Gentile, Ranging Annex Technical editor Michael McLaughlin, Interoperability Technical editor Jon Adams Roberto Aiello Richard Alfvin James Allen Kyu Hwan An Mikio Aoki Yasuyuki Arai Takashi Arita Larry Arnett Naiel Askar Arthur Astrin Yasaman Bahreini Jay Bain feng Bao John Barr Phil Beecher Alan Berkema Bruce Bosco Monique Bourgeois Brown Mark Bowles Charles Brabenac David Brenner Vern Brethour Ronald Brown Ed Callaway Bill Carney Pat Carson Kuor-Hsin Chang Soo-Young Chang Jonathon Cheah Francois Chin Kwan-Wu Chin Sarm-Goo Cho Sangsung Choi Yun Choi Chia-Chin Chong Chun-Ting Chou Manoj Choudhary Celestino Corral Robert Charles Cragie Joe Decuir Javier Del Prado Pavon Kai Dombrowski Stefan Drude Eryk Dutkiewicz Michael Dydyk Amal Ekbal Jason Ellis Shahriar Emami Yew Soo Eng Paul Everest Mark W. Fidler Reed Fisher Kristoffer Fleming Amir Freund Ricardo Gandia Sanchez Ian Gifford James Gilb Eric Gnoske Sung-Wook Goh Sorin Goldenberg Paul Gorday Bernd Grohmann Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. v

Rainer Hach Julian Hall Robert C. Hall, Jr. Shinsuke Hara Jeff Harris Vann Hasty Allen Heberling Robert Heile Eric Heinze Barry Herold Jin-Meng Ho Patrick Houghton Robert Huang Xiaojing Huang Akira Ikeda Hideto Ikeda Tetsushi Ikegami Oyvind Janbu Yeong Min Jang Adrian Jennings Ho-In Jeon Tzyy Hong Jiang (Chiang) Jeyhan Karaoguz Michael Kelly Stuart Kerry Haksun Kim Jae-Hyon Kim Jaeyoung Kim JinKyeong Kim Yongsuk Kim Young Hwan Kim Kursat Kimyacioglu Matthias Kindler Patrick Kinney Guenter Kleindl Ryuji Kohno Mike Krell Yasushi Kudo Haim Kupershmidt Yuzo Kuramochi Kyung Sup Kwak Jiun-You Lai Ismail Lakkis John Lampe Jim Lansford Colin Lanzl Kyung Kuk Lee Myung Lee Wooyong Lee David Leeper Henry Li Huan-Bang Li Liang Li Haixiang Liang Darryn Lowe Ian Macnamara Tadahiko Maeda Akira Maeki Patricia Martigne Frederick Martin Abbie Mathew Taisuke Matsumoto Masafumi Matsumura Michael Mc Laughlin John McCorkle Michael McInnis Charlie Mellone Jim Meyer Klaus Meyer Akira Miura Samuel Mo Andreas Molisch Mark Moore Marco Naeve Ken Naganuma Yves Paul Nakache Hiroyuki Nakase Saishankar Nandagopalan Chiu Ngo Erwin Noble Mizukoshi Nobuyuki Masaki Noda John (Jay) O’Conor Knut Odman Hiroyo Ogawa Yasuyuki Okuma Philip Orlik Laurent Ouvry John Pardee Young Jin Park Nirmalendu Patra Dave Patton Xiaoming Peng Tony Pollock Robert Poor Clinton Powell Vidyasagar Premkumar Yihong Qi Raad Raad Ajay Rajkumar Pekka Ranta Dani Raphaeli Gregg Rasor Charles Razzell Joseph Reddy Ivan Reede Yuko Rikuta Terry Robar Glyn Roberts Richard Roberts Martin Rofheart Benjamin Rolfe Philippe Rouzet Chandos Rypinski Saeid Safavi Zafer Sahinoglu Tomoki Saito Syed Saleem John Sarallo Sidney Schrum Erik Schylander Alireza Seyedi Sanjeev Sharma Stephen Shellhammer Siddharth Shetty John (Chih-Chung) Shi Shusaku Shimada Yuichi Shiraki Gadi Shor William Shvodian Thomas Siep Michael Sim Kazimierz Siwiak Zachary Smith V. Somayazulu Carl Stevenson Marinus Struik Kazuaki Takahashi Kenichi Takizawa Teik-Kheong Tan Mike Tanahashi James Taylor John Terry Arnaud Tonnerre Jarvis Tou Jerry Upton Robin Vaitonis Bart Van Poucke Nanci Vogtli Jerry Wang Jing Wang Chris Weber Matthew Welborn Richard Wilson Gerald Wineinger Andreas Wolf Marcus Wong Stephen Wood Patrick Worfolk Tracy Wright Xiaodong Wu Yu-Ming Wu Hirohisa Yamaguchi Kamya Yekeh Yazdandoost Su-Khiong Yong Zhan Yu Serdar Yurdakul Honggang Zhang Bin Zhen Frank Xiaojun Zheng Zheng Zhou Chunhui Zhu vi Copyright © 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved.

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