2003 年上海海事大学英汉互译考研真题 Put the following passage into Chinese∶（本题满分 75 分） Violence in the School Yard I still remember——-my hands and my finger-tips still remember!——-what used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. The guava（番石榴） trees in the school yard would be in full leaf again, and the old leaves would be lying around in scattered heaps. In places there were even more than just heaps of them: it would be like a muddy sea of leaves. "Get that all swept up!"the headmaster would tell us."I want the whole place cleaned up, at once!" "At once!"There was enough work there, very hard work, too, to last for a week. Especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, our nails. "Now see that it's done properly, and be quick about it,"the headmaster would say to the older pupils, "or you'll have to answer for it!" So at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peasants about to cut and gather in crops, and we would set to work like members of a chain-gang If the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to find it simpler to whip us with branches pulled from the trees. In order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe our tyrants with the juicy cakes of Indian corn and the steamed fish, which we used to bring for our midday meal. And if we happened to have any money on us the coins changed hands at once. If we did nof do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or empty purse, the blows were re-doubled. They hit us so violently and often, and with such devilish enjoyment, that even a deaf and dumb person would have realised that we were being flogged（抽打）not so much to make us work harder， but rather to beat us into a state of obedience in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money. 

Occasionally, one of us ,worn out by such calculated cruelty, would have the courage to complain to the headmaster. He would of course be very angry, but the punishment he inflicted on the older boys was always very small——nothin compared to what they had done to us. And the fact is that however much we complained,our situation did not improve in the slightest. Perhaps we should have let our parents know what was going on, but somehow we never dreamed of doing so;I don't know whether it was loyalty or pride that kept us silent, but I can see now that we were foolish to keep quiet about it, for such beatings were completely foreign to Oour nature _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Put the following passage into English∶（本题满分 75 分） 关于《红楼梦》的两个英译本 中国著名古典小说《红楼梦》，是我们引以为骄傲的优秀民族文化遗产。作为人类的一份宝 贵精神财富，它不仅属于中国人民，也属于世界人民。因此，把《红楼梦》介绍给外国读者 乃是一项意义重大的工作。很早以前，就有人尝试把这部中国古典名著译成英文，但由于种 种困难，有的望而生畏，半途而废;有的避难就易，摘取章节;有的则任意删改，仅留下一个 故事梗概而已。过去的六、七种英译本，几乎全都是很不理想的缩写本或节译本。自从杨宪 益、戴乃迭（Gladys Yang）夫妇合译的《红楼梦》（A Dream of Red Mansions）于 1978 年问 

世以来，才有了第一个令人满意的英文全译本。 杨译《红楼梦》把原著毫无遗漏地译了出来，而且行文流畅，语言优美，确是一部不可多得 的精湛译本。原书结构庞大，包罗万象;成语典故，比比皆是，再加上穿插其间的大量诗词， 往往给译者造成许多棘手的难点。然而，老翻译家杨宪益、戴乃迭能以高超的翻译技巧，成 功地处理了这些难点，确定令人赞叹不已。 《红楼梦》的第二个英文全译本于 1986 年出版，由牛津大学退休教授戴维·霍克斯（David Hawks）与女婿约翰·民福德（John Minford）合译，定名为《石头记》（The Story of the Stone）。 该译本也受到西方广大读者的欢迎。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________