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River2D Two-Dimensional Depth Averaged Model of River Hydrodynamics and Fish Habitat River2D Tutorial – The Basics by J. Blackburn and P. M. Steffler University of Alberta September, 2002

1.0 Introduction This tutorial is provided for you to learn the basics of River2D, the two-dimensional depth averaged model of river hydrodynamics and fish habitat. This tutorial is one in a series. Once you’ve completed this tutorial, you may consider trying one or more of the other tutorials. These tutorial cover the following topics:    Fish Habitat Analyses River Ice Modelling Transient Flow Modelling Boundary Extraction and Mesh Merging  All of these tutorials can be obtained from the River2D website. The address for the website is www.river2d.ca In this particular tutorial, you will learn how to use River2D to obtain a steady state hydrodynamic solution. This will be accomplished using topographic data obtained along the Kananaskis River near Fortress Mountain in Alberta. Along the way, you will also learn how to perform the following:     Set or change the boundary conditions for the problem at hand Use River2D to obtain a steady state hydrodynamic solution Use various available display options for viewing and presenting model information Make changes to the computational mesh in order to improve the hydrodynamic solution Extract cross sectional data from the 2D topography  The files for this tutorial should be found in the same folder in which you found this file: “R2D_theBasics”. The complete path to this folder will vary, depending on where you put this folder after unzipping R2D_theBasics.zip. River2D Tutorial – The Basic – September 30, 2002 1

It is recommended that you make a hardcopy of this tutorial so that you may maximize the River2D window on your computer screen as you follow along. However, River2D displays many things in colour so you may want refer to the electronic version of this tutorial if your hardcopy is black and white. If you have comments or questions regarding this tutorial, please feel free to contact us. Julia Blackburn Email: jblackburn@civil.ualberta.ca Peter Steffler Email:pmsteffler@civil.ualberta.ca 2.0 The River2D environment 一个大致的建模步骤：生成一个包含研究数据的地形文件，文件是以.bed为扩展名。然后用R2D-BED对数据进行编辑。在R2D-MESH中编辑生成的.bed文件，进行计算离散，也叫做网格划分。一旦网格生成和研究边界条件设定好，用于river2D的文件就可以生成。 The River2D program is one of a suite of four programs which also includes R2D_Bed, R2D_Mesh and R2D_Ice. The general modeling procedure is to develop a bed topography file (a text file with a .bed file name extension) from surveyed field data, and then edit and refine the data using R2D_Bed. The resulting .bed file is then used in R2D_Mesh to develop a computational discretization, also called a mesh. Once the mesh is built and the boundary conditions for the problem are set (no flow vertical walls, inflow discharge, and outflow water surface elevation), an input file for River2D can be created. Input files for River2D have the file extension .cdg. Use of R2D_Ice is only required when modelling flow under an ice cover. In this case, an ice topography file (a text file with a .ice file name extension) would be developed using R2D_Ice and then loaded into River2D once the .cdg file for the domain has been opened. To get started, we will launch River2D and open the .cdg file for the Fortress site. River2D Tutorial – The Basic – September 30, 2002 2

1、启动River2D 2、选择File > Open and navigate。 3、选择需要的文件，载入文件 1 Launch River2D. 2 3 Choose File > Open and navigate to the R2D_theBasics folder. Select the .cdg file for this the Fortress site. It is named fort.cdg. Note: it may take a while for this file to load depending on the speed of your computer. At this point, you should see the following in your River2D window. Before getting into the details of what is being displayed in the River2D viewing window, we shall go over the different components of the River2D screen. The first item is the Menu Bar River2D Tutorial – The Basic – September 30, 2002 3

which has many of the standard windows operations and additional operations that are specific to River2D. Some of the commands in the menu bar are reproduced in the Toolbar. The River2D screen also has a Title Bar which displays the currently opened file, in this case, fort.cdg. The last screen item is the status bar, located at the bottom of the River2D screen. Once a .cdg file has been loaded, the status bar displays the x and y coordinates of the position of the mouse pointer. In addition to the x and y coordinates, one other parameter is given in the status bar. This parameter is the same as that selected using the River2D Tutorial – The Basic – September 30, 2002 4

contour/colour command (found under the Display menu). This parameter defaults to the bed elevation if it has not been specified using the contour/colour command. Now we shall focus on the contents of the River2D viewing window. By default, River2D displays two items once a file is loaded: the computational boundary and the water’s edge. To see the distinction between these two items, toggle the display of the water’s edge. This can be done by selecting the Water’s Edge command found under Display Menu. As you can see, the water’s edge consists of a blue line. This blue line represents the boundary between wet and dry areas in the model. It can also be thought of a line of zero water depth. If the Water’s Edge command is toggled on while the model is running, it is updated to reflect areas of drying or inundation in the solution. Now toggle the display so that the water’s edge is not visible, so that the River2D window appears as follows. River2D Tutorial – The Basic – September 30, 2002 5

Outflow Boundary No flow Boundaries Inflow Boundary The item left in the window is the computational boundary. As you can see, this boundary consists of red, blue and green lines. The colours represent different types of boundaries. The red line represents a “no cross-flow” or “vertical wall” condition while the green and blue lines indicate inflow and outflow boundaries respectively. Unlike the water’s edge, there is no command to toggle the display of the computational boundary and therefore it is always visible. River2D Tutorial – The Basic – September 30, 2002 6

3.0 The .cdg file The .cdg file used in this tutorial, fort.cdg was developed using a bed topography file, fort.bed, and a mesh file, fort.msh. These files can also be found in R2D_theBasics folder, as you may wish to go through the process of creating fort.cdg yourself. In this tutorial, we will go through the process of creating a .cdg file when we learn how to update the computational mesh using R2D_Mesh. The .cdg file contains all of the information necessary to obtain a flow solution in River2D. This includes the computational mesh, which is defined in terms of computational nodes and their connectivity in the Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN). Each computational node is represented by a line in the .cdg file and consists of a node number (integer), x-coordinate (floating point number), y-coordinate (floating point number), bed elevation (floating point number), and bed roughness height (floating point number). In addition, every node line contains information regarding the initial conditions that are required as the initial guess in the iterative solution procedure in River2D. This information consists of x discharge intensity (floating point number), y discharge intensity (floating point number), and water depth (floating point number). The .cdg file also contains boundary condition information and default values for all of the run parameters required for River2D. (These can be changed by manually editing the .cdg file or in the River2D environment as will be demonstrated later). The .cdg file does not contain any habitat or ice cover information. If you open fort.cdg in a text editor, you will notice that the initial x and y discharge intensities are 0 at every node (They are the last two entries on every node line). This is because fort.cdg was created using R2D_Mesh. When a .cdg file is created with R2D_Mesh, the initial discharge intensities (or velocity components) are assumed to be zero. R2D_Mesh provides initial water depths at every node based on the water surface elevation at the outflow boundary and a user supplied estimate of the water surface elevation at the inflow boundary. If the loaded .cdg file is River2D Tutorial – The Basic – September 30, 2002 7

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