2014年广东暨南大学外国语言文学综合考试考研真题.doc-资料库

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2014 年广东暨南大学外国语言文学综合考试考研真题学科、专业名称：外国语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各研究方向考试科目名称：外国语言文学综合考试考试科目代码：808 考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 Ⅰ. Multiple choices. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.（20%） 1. _______ has earned the name of “The Land of Song”. A. England B. Wales C. Scotland D. Ireland 2. The largest city in New Zealand is ___________. A. Christchurch B.Dunedin C. Auckland D. Wellington 3. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _________. A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Monarch C. the King D. the Prime Minister 4. Established churches in Britain are ________. A. Church of England and Church in Wales B. Church of England and Church of Scotland C. The Anglican Churches D. Church in Wales and Church of Scotland 5. The ______ of Britain are mainly highlands, and the ______ are mainly lowlands. A. north and west, east and south B. north and east, south and west C. south and west, north and west D. east and west, north and south 6. The Hundred Years’ War is the intermittent conflicts between_______ and ______ that lasted from 1337 to 1453. A. England, Ireland B. England, Rome C. France, England D. England, Scotland 7. Tasmania is an island, which lies ________ of the Australian mainland.

A. north of the northeastern corner B. south of the southeastern corner C. east of the northeastern corner D. west of the southeastern corner 8. The U.S. is called a “melting pot” because___________. A. its steel industry is highly developed B. it has great influence on the world C. people from different races live there together D. it is an important economic center of the world 9. Quebec’s legal system is based on _________. A. French civil law B. French criminal law C. Canadian law D. British common law 10. The largest of the ethnic minorities in America is __________. A. the Mexico-Americans B. the Asian-Americans C. the blacks D. the Cuban-Americans 11. Hollywood, the center of American movie industry, is closest to which city? A. Chicago B. New York C. Denver D. Los Angeles 12. The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states__________. A. according to their size B. equally C. according to their population D. according to their tax paid to federal government 13. American and British English are two of the English language _______. A. elements B. parts C. varieties D. forms 14. Which of the following is an American newspaper? A. The International Herald Tribune B. The Guardian C. The Daily Telegraph D. Newsweek 15. Canada consists of _______ provinces and __________ territories. A. 8; 3 B. 10; 3 C. 8; 2 D. 10; 2 16. The English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution, is generally regarded

as the beginning of ________ modern history. A. European B. Welsh C. World D. Scottish 17. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except_______. A. William Pen B. George Washington C. Benjamin Franklin D. Thomas Jefferson 18. The basic structure of Australia government is based on _________. A. the British model B. the American model C. both the British and the American models D. neither the British nor the American models 19. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain? A. Football B. Tennis C. Cricket D. Archery 20. The arrival of _______ in AD 432 was the most important event in Irish history. A. Eamon de Valera B. St. Patrick C. Palladius D. E. Childers Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with proper words. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.（20%） 1. ________ means that human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication. 2. Assimilation is a phonological term, often used synonymously with coarticulation, which is more of a _________ term. 3. Language is produced as a continuous stretch of speech or writing, but one can still find pauses and blanks every now and then. Thus, word may be seen as a set of sound ________ or writing letters between two pauses and blanks. 4. Free ________ is an element of meaning which takes the form of an independent word. They may occur alone, that is, they make up words by themselves. 5. Syntactic relations can be analyzed into three kinds, namely, positional relations, relations of substitutability, and relations of __________. 6. Terms like “peach”, “banana”, “apple” and “orange” are ________ of the

term “fruit”. 7. _________ is the process of classifying our experiences into different categories based on commonalities and differences. 8. Speaker’s meaning differs from the kinds of meaning we studied in semantics in that its interpretation depends more on who the speaker of the sentence is, who the hearer is, when and where it is used. In a word, it depends more on the _______. 9. The first meaning for a word that a dictionary definition gives is usually its _______ meaning. 10. ________ is the term used in linguistics to describe the relationship between a particular style of language and its context of use. 11. ________ is a dominant form of the Medieval English literature. 12. John Donne’s famous analogy of parting lovers to a drawing compass provides a prime example of ___________. 13. ____________, the first of great English tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage. 14. ___________________ tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden. 15. The novel Ulysses written by James Joyce is well-known for its modernist technique of ____________. 16. ___________ was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation in the American literary history. 17. Early in the 1920s, the most prominent of the new American playwrights, whose name is _____________, established an international reputation. 18. Robert Frost poetry focused on the landscape and people in ____________. 19. ______________ wrote about the disintegration of the old social system in the American southern states, and the lives of modern people, both black and white. 20. The American writers of the 1950s often used the psychological insights taken from the writings of Sigmund ________ and his followers.

Ⅲ. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET according to requirements. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part (10%). Section A: Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. If it is true, write T on the ANSWER SHEET. If it is false, write F on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. The difference between a pidgin and a creole is that the latter has native speakers. 2. Trainer and trainee are complementary antonyms. 3. Acoustic phonetics studies the physical properties of speech sounds. 4. If a waiter in a restaurant says, “The spaghetti left without paying”, he is using a metaphor. 5. There are more words in the language of the Eskimos than in English for describing snow, therefore the Eskimos are better able to perceive snow than English-speaking people. That is the idea of linguistic determinism. Section B: Identify the author and indicate the genre of each of the following works. 6. Song of My Self 7. Hard Times 8. Pygmalion 9. An American Tragedy 10.A Modest Proposal IV. Choose SIX of the following terms and explain them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. Neoclassicism 2. Gothic Novel 3. Flashback 4. Transcendentalism 5. Metaphysical Poets 6. Renaissance 7. Compositionality 8. Logical Connective

9. Phatic Communion 10. Linguistic Sexism 11. Entailment 12. Presupposition V. Answer the following questions. According to different majors, choose the ones you must do. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%) Section A：for linguistics candidates only 1. What are the differences between competence and performance? 2. Disambiguate the following sentences and explain how the ambiguity arises. (1) Flying planes can be dangerous. (2) The boy put the straw in his mouth. (3) I saw her duck under the table. (4) Old men are women were given priority to get on the lifeboats. 3. Explain the locutionary act, the illocutionary act and the perlocutionary act of the following statement: There is a snake in the grass. 4. What are the three types of antonymy? Give two examples for each. Section B：for literature candidates only 1. Percy Bysshe Shelly is famous for his OdetotheWestWind. Please summarize the main idea of the poem. 2. What are the major features of Romantic Movement in Britain between 1790 and 1830? 3. Based on Hawthorne’s works The Scarlet Letter, discuss the characters of his writings. 4. What is the theme of The Great Gatsby? VI. Choose one of the followings and write your response to it. According to different majors, choose the one you must do. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)

1. According to Paul Grice’s theory of conversational implicature, how many types of implicature are there and, how are they generated and understood? (for linguistics candidates only) 2. Analyze the following poem as to its theme, poetic form, and rhetorical devices, and develop it into an essay of 200 words. （for literature candidates only） Crossing the Bar Alfred Lord Tennyson Sunset and evening star And one clear call for me!And may there be no moaning of the bar,When I put out to sea,But such a tide as moving seems asleep,Too full for sound and foam,When that which drew from out the boundless deep Turns again home. Twilight and evening bell, And after that the dark! And may there be no sadness of farewell, When I embark; For though from out our borne of Time and Place The flood may bear me far, I hope to see my Pilot face to face When I have crossed the bar.

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