MICROWAVE
MOBILE
COMMUNICATIONS
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Frontispiece. Two views of a delay- Doppler spectrum typical of
mobile radio transmission in New York City. (See Section 1.5)
MICROWAVE
MOBILE
COMMUNICATIONS
Edited by William C. Jakes
FORMERLY DIRECTOR, RADIO
TRANSMISSION LABORATORY
BELL TELEPHONE LABORATORIES
NORTH ANDOVER, MASSACHUSETTS
+IEEE
The Instituteof Electrical and Electronics Engineers, lnc., NewYork
\1:!jINTERSCIENCE
AJOHNWILEY & SONS, INC., PUBUCATION
NewYork - Chichester -Weinheim - Brisbane - Singapore -Toronto
A NOm TOras READER
Thisbookhas been electronically reproduced from
digital information storedat JohnWiley & Sons, Inc.
We arepleased thattheuseofthisnew technology
will enableus to keepworks of enduringscholarly
valuein printas longas there is a reasonable demand
forthem. Thecontentof this bookis identical to
previousprintings.
DEE PRESS Editorial Board
William Perkins, Editor in Chief
R. S. Blicq
M.Eden
D. M. Etter
J. J. FmeUm
G. F. Hofthagle
R. F. Hoyt
I. D.Irwin
s. v. Kartalopoulos
P. Laplante
E. K. Miller
1.M. F. Moura
LPeden
L. Shaw
M.Simaan
Dudley R. Kay,Director01BookPubli8hing
Denise G8IU10D. Productionand ManuflzclJlrlng Manager
Carrie Briggs,lfdmin;8trative A.r.r;8tant
Lisa S. Mizrahi,ReviN andPublicityCoordinator
Reiuued in cooperation with the
IEEECommunicatiOlU Society
IEEE Communications SocietyLiaisonto IEEE PRESS
Jack M. Holtzman
Copyright C 1974, Lucent Technologies, used by permission.
ISBN 0-7803-1069-1
contents
preface to the IEEE edition
preface to the first edition
foreword
introduction
Wm. C. Jakes
PART I MOBILE RADIO PROPAGATION
chapter 1 multipath interference
Wm. C. Jakes
Synopsis of Chapter
1.1 Spatial Distribution of the Field
1.1 Power Spectra of the Fading Signal
1.3 Power Spectrum and Other Properties of the Signal Envelope
1.4 Random Frequency Modulation
1.5 Coherence Bandwidth
1.6 Spatial Correlations at the Base Station
1.7 Laboratory Simulation of Multipath Interference
chapter 2 large-scale variations of the
average signal
D. O. Reudink
Synopsis of Chapter
2.1 Factors Affecting Transmission
2.1 Observed Attenuation on Mobile Radio Paths over Smooth
Terrain
2.3 Effects of Irregular Terrain
2.4 Statistical Distribution of the Local Mean Signal
2.5 Prediction of Field Strength
ix
xi
xiii
1
11
11
13
19
24
39
4S
60
6S
79
79
80
90
112
119
123
v
vi
Contents
chapter 3 antennas and polarization eHects
133
Y. S. Yeh
Synopsis of Chapter
3.1 Mobile Antennas
3.2 Base Station Antennas
3.3 Polarization Effects
PART II MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS
chapter 4 modulation, noise, and
interference
M. J. Gans and Y. S. Yeh
Synopsis of Chapter
4.1 Frequency Modulation
4.2 Digital Modulation
4.3 Channel Multiplexing
4.4 Man-Made Noise
chapter 5 fundamentals of diversity systems
Wm. C. Jakes, Y. S. Yeh, M. J. Gans,
and D. o. Reudink
Synopsis of Chapter
5.1 Basic Diversity Classifications
5.1 Combining Methods
5.3 Antenna Arrays for Space Diversity
5.4 Effectof Diversity on FM Noise and Interference
5.5 Diversity Against Shadowing
chapter 6 diversity techniques
D. O. Reudink, Y. S. Yeh, and
Wm. C. Jakes
Synopsis of Chapter
6.1 Postdetection Diversity
133
134
ISO
152
161
161
162
218
240
295
309
309
310
313
329
341
377
389
389
390
Contents
vii
6.2 Switched Diversity
6.3 Coherent Combining Using Carrier Recovery
6.4 Coherent Combining Using a Separate Pilot
6.5 Retransmission Diversity
6.6 Multicarrier AM Diversity
6.7 Digital Modulation-Diversity Systems
6.8 Comparison of Diversity Systems
chapter 7 layout and control of
high-capacity systems
D. C. Cox and D. O. Reudink
Synopsisof Chapter
7.1 Large Radio Coverage Area Systems
7.1 Coverage Layout of Small Cell Systems
7.3 Base Station Assignment in Small Cell Systems
7.4 Channel Assignment in Small Cell Systems
appendix a computation of the spectra of
phase-modulated waves by means of
Poisson's sum formula
M. J. Gans
appendix b click rate for a
nonsymmetrical noise spectrum
M. J. Gans
appendix c median values of transmission
coefficient variations
M. J. Gans
index
399
423
464
489
512
517
531
S45
S45
546
562
S68
572
623
627
631
635
preface to the lEE E edition
Since the original publication of this book in 1974 mobile radio (now
called cellular) has experienced dramatic growth. In addition, the new field
of "wireless communications"
is beginning to appear, which experiences
some of the same types of problems as mobile radio.
High interest in both of these disciplines has markedly increased the de-
mand for the present work; thus, we are extremely pleased that the IEEE
Press has decided to republish our book and make it more readily available.
This also provides an opportunity to include a number of corrections made
known to us over the years.
We hope that this book will continue to help those involved in these
fast-growing fields.
January 1994
Wm. C. Jakes
Editor
Ix