2004 年上海华东师范大学中国通史考研真题 一、名词解释∶（共 54 分，每题 6 分） 徐光启 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 棉花革命 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 《贞观政要》 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 东南互保 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 郭蒿焘 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 朝贡贸易 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 过渡时期总路线 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 国民参政会 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 宁汉合流 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 二、简述题∶（共 36 分，每题 12 分） 1、11-—13 世纪中国传统农业经济出现了一些新发展，请概要叙述之。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2、在镇压太平天国过程中，以曾国藩、李鸿章为代表的汉族军阀官僚势 力崛起于中国政坛， 试简述这一现象对清末政局的影响。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

____________________________________________________ 3、简述中华人民共和国成立初期在政权巩固方面所采取的主要措施及其意义。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 三、论述题∶（共 60 分，每题 20 分） 1、试析中古社会门阀政治的形成和衰落的主要原因。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2、戊戌变法运动是中国近代史上第一次爱国救亡运动，试论述该运动发生 的原因以及在中 国近代思想史、文化史上的意义和作用。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 3、结合史实，分析华北事变前后国民党对日本政策的变化及其主要原因。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________