2011年上海海事大学英语翻译基础考研真题.doc

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2011 年上海海事大学英语翻译基础考研真题 I.Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectivel. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test,15 in English and 15 in Chinese,with one point for each. (30 points) 1. GM food 2.CPI 3. GDP 4.NBA 5.NASDAQ 6.HSBC 7.Federal Reserve 8.Euro 9. Patriot missile 10. currency appreciation 11.exchange rate 12.multilateral trade talks 13. domestically-oriented economy 14.exclusive agency 15. paternity test 16.民工 17. 脱口秀 18.九五折 19.泥石流 20.低碳经济 21.劳动密集型产业 22.金砖四国 23.人头税 24.（联合国）安理会

25.微软公司 26.上市公司 27.董事会 28.一次性筷子 29.和谐社会 30.第六次全国人口普查 II.Directions:Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese.If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English.(120') Source Text 1: Before the invention and diffusion of writing, translation was instantaneous and oral; persons professionally specializing in such work were called interpreters. In predominantly or wholly literate communities, translation is thought of as the conversion of a written text in one language into a written text in another, though the modern emergence of the simultaneous translator or professional interpreter at international conferences keeps the oral side of translation very much alive. The translation of poetry, especially into poetry, presents very special difficulties, and the better the original poem, the harder the translator's task. This is because poetry is, in the first instance,carefully contrived to express exactly what the poet wants to say. Second, to achieve this end,the poet calls forth all the resources of the language in which he is writing, matching the choice of words, the order of words, and grammatical constructions,as well as

phonological features peculiar to the language in metre,perhaps supplemented by rhyme, assonance,and alliteration. The available resources differ from language to language. At the other end of the translator's spectrum, technical prose dealing with internationally agreed scientific subjects is probably the easiest type of material to translate, because cultural unification (in this respect), lexical correspondences, and stylistic similarity already exist in this type of usage in the languages most commonly involved, to a higher degree than in other fields of discourse. Translation on the whole is an art, not a science. Guidance can be given and general principles can be taught, but after that it must be left to the individual's own feeling for the two languages concerned. Almost inevitably, in a translation of a work of literature something of the author's original intent must be lost; in those cases in which the translation is said to be a better work than the original, an opinion sometimes expressed about the English writer Edward Fitzgerald's"translation"of The Rubdiydt of Omar Khayam, one is dealing with a new, though derived, work,not just a translation. The Italian epigram remains justified:Traduttore traditore "The translator is a traitor." [Key words] diffusion∶传播 The Rubiiyat of Omar Khayyam∶ 《鲁拜集》

Edward Fitzgerald∶ 爱德华·菲兹杰拉德 epigram∶隽语 Source Text 2: 在人类发展史上，曾经出现过巴比伦文明，古埃及文明，古希腊—罗马文明，古印度文明，中华文明，等等。这些古文明，有的衰落了，有的消亡了，有的融入了其它文明。而中华文明，以其顽强的凝聚力和隽永的魅力，历经沧桑而完整地延续了下来。中华民族的传统文化博大精深、源远流长。早在 2000 多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多在中国思想史上颇有影响的学说流派，这就是著名的"诸子百家"。中华民族传统文化有许多珍贵的品质，比如，强调仁爱，强调群体，强调和而不同，强调天下为公。所有这些，对家庭、国家和社会起到了巨大的维系与调节作用。【关键词】巴比伦文明∶ the Mesopotamian civilization

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