1996 年上海华东师范大学普通生态学考研真题
一.名词解释
生态价
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生活型谱
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重要值
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种群适应对策
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极端排序法
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生态位宽度
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群落系数
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生态效率
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遗传生态分化
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次级生产
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二.填空
1.生物多样性是指()()()
2.光的生态作用表现在()()()
3.种群空间动态包括()()()
4.生态系统功能为()()()
5.生态系统中的物理信息一般有()()()
三.是非题
1.每个世代的实际增长率,即为种群的内禀增长能力。
2.群落的净生产力等于总初级生产力减去自养呼吸。
3.生态系统中的碳循环是属于沉积型循环。
4.群落季相变化的主要标志是群落主要层的物候变化。
5.群落的优势度是以相对密度、相对频度、相对显著度和相对重量计算的。
四.问答题
1.简述我国植被分布的地带性规律。
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2.试述营养物质再循环的途径
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五.计算题
用 Simpson 指数计算 A,B 两个群落的物种多样性,并说明其差异的原因。
资料如下∶
A 群落中的四个物种的个体数均为 25
B 群落中的四个物种数分别为 1,9,20,70。