美国机械工程师手册简易指南(Machinery's Handbook Made Easy).pdf-资料库

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Machinery's Handbook Made Easy Edward T. Janecek Industrial Press New York, New York

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Janecek, Edward Machinery’s Handbook Made Easy / Ed Janecek. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8311-3448-8 (soft cover) 1. Machine design–Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Mechanical engineering–Handbooks, manuals, etc. A complete catalog record of this book is available from the Library of Congress INDUSTRIAL PRESS INC. 989 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY10018 Sponsoring Editor: John Carleo Interior Text and Cover Design: Janet Romano Developmental Editor: Robert Weinstein Copyright © 2012 by Industrial Press Inc., New York. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. This book, or any parts thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form without the permission of the publisher. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Preface As an instructor for 15 years, a tool and die maker for 14, and a student for over 35, I have been relying on the priceless knowledge captured within the pages of Machinery’s Handbook for a long time. What I like most about the Handbook is its complete attention to every detail; it truly is a one-stop-shop for everything related to the processes and procedures related to manufacturing. But this strength can also be its greatest weakness. As an apprentice, I can remember searching through the pages of the “Bible” as it was known in the shop, for the correct drill to use for tapping a hole. I was overwhelmed with enough information to actually produce a drill. I am confident that, as an individual concerned specifically with machining processes and procedures, I am not alone in my occasional challenges in navigating Machinery’s Handbook. It is for this reason that I have created Machinery’s Handbook Made Easy. I want to emphasize that this is not a book for dummies. In fact, this companion to Machinery’s Handbook is intended for intelligent, highly skilled professionals, or professionals in training, who recognize that the real genius in their work is in the details. Furthermore, they have an appreciation for the role that best practices and procedures play in their pursuit of excellence. However, the aim of this book is quite simple: to make your life easier. Whether you are a high school student enrolled in technical courses, a college or technical school student studying machine tool operation or machine tool theory, a mechanical engineer, or a professional working in a machine shop, I am confident that this book will save you time, money, and an occasional headache. The contents are organized in an intuitive, easy-to-follow manner that is consistent with the existing layout of Machinery’s Handbook. In fact, I envision Machinery’s Handbook Made Easy being open right alongside your Handbook at all times as a guide to maximum efficiency. I don’t believe in testing math skills that could be accomplished with a simple calculator or quizzing you on unnecessary vocabulary that could be looked up in the Handbook at any time. Instead, I am confident that you will find the Apply It feature at the end of each section to be a challenging test of your ability to apply what you have just learned to the real world. Recognizing another strength of Machinery’s Handbook, I have carefully selected a set of Shop Recommended diagrams that apply to the given unit and could otherwise be easily overlooked due to the sheer volume of important content. If you have ever puzzled over Machinery’s Handbook, as I have, as a treasure chest of wis- dom without a key, then I present you with the key in the form of this book. What you decide to do with it is up to you, but I for one have very high expectations. Edward Janecek xvii

Table of Contents Cross-Reference Table for MHB 28th and MHB 29th Editions Preface How to Use This Book Acknowledgements Section 1: Mathematics Units Covered in this Section Unit A Numbers, Fractions, and Decimals Unit C Geometry Unit D Solution of Triangles Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit B Algebra and Equations Unit E Matrices Unit F Manufacturing Data Analysis Unit G Engineering Economics Section 2: Mechanics and Strength of Materials Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit A Mechanics Unit B Velocity, Acceleration, Work, and Energy Unit C Strength of Materials Unit D Properties of Bodies Unit E Beams Unit F Columns Unit G Plates, Shells, and Cylinders Unit H Shafts Unit I Unit J Disc Springs Unit K Fluid Mechanics Springs ix xvii xix xxxv 1 3 6 10 13 13 13 13 19 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 iii

Table of Contents Section 3: Properties, Treatment, and Testing of Materials Units Covered in this Section Unit C Standard Steels Unit D Tool Steels Unit E Hardening, Tempering, and Annealing Unit F Nonferrous Alloys Unit G Plastics Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit A Elements, Heat, Mass, and Weight Unit B Properties of Wood, Ceramics, Plastics, Metals 23 26 28 31 33 35 46 46 Section 4: Dimensioning, Gaging, and Measuring 47 Units Covered in this Section Unit A Drafting Practices Unit B Allowances and Tolerances for Fits Unit C Measuring Instruments and Inspection Methods Unit D Surface Texture Section 5: Tooling and Toolmaking Units Covered in this Section Unit A Cutting Tools Unit B Cemented Carbides Unit E Reamers Unit F Twist Drills and Counterbores Unit G Taps Unit K Files and Burs Unit L Tool Wear and Sharpening Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit C Forming Tools Unit D Milling Cutters Unit H Standard Tapers Unit I Unit J Broaches and Broaching Arbors, Chucks, and Spindles Section 6: Machining Operations Units Covered in this Section Unit A Cutting Speeds and Feeds Unit B Speed and Feed Tables iv 49 66 69 76 87 90 92 95 95 105 110 111 117 117 118 118 118 121 123 123

Table of Contents Unit F Cutting Fluids Unit I Grinding and Other Abrasive Processes Unit J CNC Numerical Control Programming Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit C Estimating Speeds and Machining Power Unit D Micromachining Unit E Machine Econometrics Unit F Screw Machines, Band Saws Unit G Machining Nonferrous Metals and Non-Metallic Materials Unit H Grinding Feeds and Speeds Section 7: Manufacturing Processes Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Iron and Steel Castings Unit A Sheet Metal Working and Presses Unit B Electrical Discharge Machining Unit C Unit D Soldering and Brazing Unit E Welding Unit F Lasers Unit G Finishing Operations Section 8: Fasteners Units Covered in this Section Unit G Cap Screws and Set Screws Unit K Pins and Studs Unit L Retaining Rings Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Inch Threaded Fasteners Unit A Torque and Tension in Fasteners Unit B Unit C Metric Threaded Fasteners Unit D Helical Coil Screw Threaded Inserts Unit E British Fasteners Unit F Machine Screws and Nuts Unit H Self-Threading Screws Unit I Unit J Rivets and Riveted Joints Unit M Wing Nuts, Wing Screws, and Thumb Screws Unit N Nails, Spikes, and Wood Screws T-Slots, Bolts, and Nuts 141 142 149 155 155 156 156 157 157 161 163 163 163 163 164 164 164 165 168 176 181 182 182 182 183 183 183 183 183 183 183 183 v

Table of Contents Section 9: Threads and Threading Units Covered in this Section Unit A Screw Thread Systems Unit B Unified Screw Threads Unit D Metric Screw Threads Unit H Pipe and Hose Threads Unit J Measuring Screw Threads Unit K Tapping and Thread Cutting Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit C Calculating Thread Dimensions Unit E Acme Screw Threads Unit F Buttress Threads Unit G Whitworth Threads Unit I Other Threads Unit M Thread Grinding Unit N Thread Milling Unit O Simple, Compound, Differential, and Block Indexing Section 10: Gears, Splines, and Cams Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit A Gears and Gearing Unit B Hypoid and Bevel Gearing Unit C Worm Gearing Unit D Helical Gearing Unit E Other Gear Types Unit F Checking Gear Sizes Unit G Gear Materials Unit H Spines and Serrations Unit I Cams and Cam Design Section 11: Machine Elements Units Covered in this Section Unit E Keys and Keyseats Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit A Plain Bearings Unit B Ball, Roller, and Needle Bearings Unit C Lubrication Unit D Couplings, Clutches, and Brakes Unit F Flexible Belts and Sheaves Unit G Transmission Chains vi 185 187 188 191 191 193 195 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 201 205 206 206 206 206 206 206 206 206 206 209 211 222 222 222 223 223 223

Table of Contents Electric Motors Unit H Ball and Acme Leadscrews Unit I Unit J Adhesives and Sealants Unit K O-Rings Unit L Rolled Steel, Wire, and Sheet Metal Unit M Shaft Alignment Section 12: Measuring Units Units Covered in this Section Unit B Measuring Units Unit C U.S. System and Metric System Conversions Units Covered in this Section with: Navigation Assistant Unit A Symbols and Abbreviations Answer Keys In Conclusion Glossary Index 224 224 224 225 226 226 229 231 232 241 243 255 257 263 vii

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