2005 年上海华东师范大学人体解剖生理学考研真题 一.名词解释∶（选做六题，每题 5 分，共 30 分） 1.贝努利效应 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2.硬起音 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3.最长声时 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 4.突触 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 5.响度 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 6.腹式呼吸 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 7.条件反射 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 8.反馈 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 二.简答题∶（选做六题，每题 10 分，共 60 分） 1.简述神经系统的基本组成。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2.简述言语的感知过程。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3.简述声带的结构分层及其意义。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 

4.简述喉关节（环杓关节，环甲关节）的生理运动。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 5.简述音调提高时喉内肌群和声带的变化情况。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 6.简述声道共鸣机理。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 7.简述肌肉收缩的分子机制。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 三.问答题∶（选做二题，每题 30 分，总共 60 分） 1.详述生理呼吸和言语呼吸的生理过程。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2.详述言语产生的三个系统（解剖结构，生理功能，声学功能）。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

__________________________________________________ 3.详述脑神经的分布、主要功能及相应核团的位置。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________