1997年专业英语八级考试真题.doc

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1997 年专业英语八级考试真题 ListeningComprehension(40min) IntheBlackForest,theacidrainissaidtoattackallEXCEPT________. firs metals leaves soil ThepercentageoffirsdyingintheBlackForestis________. TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(1997) -GRADEEIGHT- 试卷一(95min) PARTI InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswertheq uestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourColouredAnswerSheet. SECTIONATALK Questions1to5refertothetalkinthissection.Attheendofthetalkyouwillbegiven15secon dstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentothetalk. 1. A. B. C. D. 2. A.41%B.43%C.26%D.76% 3.Germanyistacklingpartoftheproblembyintroducing________.A.newcardesigningschem es B.newcarproductionlines C.anewtypeofsmokestacks D.newcarsafetystandards 4. A. B. C. D. 5. ________. A. B. C. D. SECTIONBINTERVIEW Questions6to10arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven15secon dstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview. 6. A. B. C. 7. A. B. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT? Germanyislikelytosucceedinpersuadingherneighbourstoreduceacidrain. Thedisastrouseffectsofacidrainarenotconfinedtoonearea. Germantouristsareallowedtodriveacrosstheirneighbours'borders. Germany'sneighboursareinfavouroftheuseoflead-freepetrol. Ontheissueoffuturesolutionofacidrain,thespeaker'stoneisthatof warning pessimism indifference optimism WhatsubjectisMr.Pittgoodat________? Art. French. German.D.Chemistry. WhatdoesMr.PittNOTdoinhissparetime? Doingabitofactingandphotography. Goingtoconcertsfrequently.

Traineesarerequiredtosigncontractsinitially. Trainees'performanceisevaluatedwhennecessary. Trainees'startingsalaryis870pounds. Traineescannotquitthemanagementscheme. Playingtraditionaljazzandfolkmusic. TravellinginEuropebyhitch-hiking. Whenaskedwhatamanager'sroleisMr.Pittsounds________. confident hesitant resolute doubtful WhatdoesMr.Pittsayhewouldliketobe? C. D. 8. A. B. C. D. 9. A.Anexportsalesmanworkingoverseas. B.Anaccountantworkinginthecompany. C.Aproductionmanagerinabranch. D.Apolicymakerinthecompany. 10. WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthemanagementtraineeschemeisTRUE? A. B. C. D. SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST Question11isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven15secon dstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews. 11. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE? A. B. C. D.Theauthoritieshavepassedsentenceonthegunmen. Question12isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven15secon dstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews. 12. Accordingtothenews,AmericantroopsinPanama________. A. B. C. D. Question13isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven15secon dstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews. 13. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?U.S.lawmakers________. A. B. C.wereworriedthatNorthKoreamaytakeadvantageoftheconcessions D.blamedtheU.S.negotiatorformakingnocompromiseswithNorthKorea Questions14&15arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem, youwillbegiven30secondstoanswerthetwoquestions.Nowlistentothenews. 14. Accordingtothenews,theItalianParliamentwasaskedtoactby________. A. B. FivegunmenwereflowntoIraninahelicopter. Mostoftheransomwasretrievedintheend. Thechildrenwereheldforfivedays. wereattackedatrefugeecamps wereangryatdelaysindeparture attackedCubanrefugeecampslastweek willbeincreasedto2,000 challengedtheaccordforfreezingPyongyang'snuclearprogramme requiredtheinspectionofPyongyang'snuclearsiteforatleastfiveyears theU.N theRedCross

4 every4.________ 1 use,whilethe1.________ theDefenceMinister theSwedishGovernment noncommittal resolute unsupportive wavering C. D. 15. Ontheissueoflimiteduseoflandmines,theItalianParliamentis________. A. B. C. D. SECTIONDNOTE-TAKINGANDGAP-FILLING FillineachofthegapswithONEword.Youmayrefertoyournotes.Makesurethewordyoufillini sbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable. Inbusiness,many,placesadoptacreditsystem,whichdatesbacktoancienttimes.Atpresent, purchasescanbemadebyusingcreditcards.Theyfallintotwo categories:onehas otherisacceptedalmosteverywhere.Theapplicationfortheuseofthelatteronemustbemade ata2.2.________ Oncethecustomerstartsusingthecard,hewillbeprovidedwithamonthlystatementof3bythe creditcompany.Heis3.________ requiredtopayonequartertohalfofhiscredit month. Advantages.1.Withacard,itisnot beforeanactualpurchase.2.Ifthecardislost,itsownerisprotected. 3. companyhelpstheownertorememberthetimeand purchase.4.thecardsaxeacceptedina(n) 8 peoplelikedentists,etc. Majordisadvantage.Thecardowneristemptedto money.Ifthisisthecase,itwillbecomeincreasinglydiflie-ltfortheusertokeepupwithth erequired10,whichwillresultinthe10.________ creditcardbeingcancelledbythecreditcompany. PARTII ThefollowingpassagecontainsTENerrors.Eachlinecontainsamaximumofoneerrorandthree arefreefromerror.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassagea ndcorrectitinthefollowingway. Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedatthe endoftheline. Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧” signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline. Foranunnecessaryword,crossouttheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/” andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline. Example When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit, andcompletelistofpurchasereceivedfromthecredit6.________. ofhis7.________ 7 byprofessional8.________ ProofreadinganErrorCorrection(15min) 5 tosaveupmoney5.________ 9 his9.________ A 6 thingsinfinishedformandhangs 2 never themonthewall.Whenanatural 1 anitnever〖KG-1*3〗/buys

3 exhibit wantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit. historymuseum ClassicIntentionMovement Insocialsituations,theclassicIntentionMovementis ‘thechair-grasp'.Hostandguesthavebeentalkingforsometime, butnowthehosthasanappointmenttokeepandcangetaway.1.________ Hisurgetogoisheldincheekbyhisdesirenotberudetohis2.________ guest,ifhedidnotcareofhisguest'sfeelingshewouldsimply3.________ getupoutofhischairandtoannouncehisdeparture.Thisis4.________ whathisbodywantstodo,thereforehispolitenessglueshisbody5.________ tothechairandrefusestolethimraise.Itisatthispointthathe6.________ performsthechair-graspIntentionMovement.Hecontinuestotalktotheguestandlistentoh im,butleansforwardandgraspsthearmsofthechairasabouttopushhimselfupwards.Thisis7. ________ thefirstacthewouldmakeifhewererising.Ifhewerenot8.________ hesitating,itwouldonlylastafractionofthesecond.Hewould9.________ lean,push,rise,andbeup.Butnow,instead,itlastsmuchlonger. Heholdshis'readiness-to-rise'postandkeepsonholdingit.Itis10.________ asifhisbodyhadfrozenattheget-readymoment. PARTIIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(40MIN) SECTIONAREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN) Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotaloffifteenmultiple-choic equestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourColouredAnswerSheet. TEXTA Amagazine'sdesignismorethandecoration,morethansimplepackaging.Itexpressesthemag azine'sverycharacter.TheAtlanticMonthlyhaslongattemptedtoprovideadesignenvironm entinwhichtwodisparatetraditions–literaryandjournalistic– canco-existinpleasurabledignity.Theredesignthatweintroducewiththisissue– theworkofourartdirector,JudyGarlan– represents,wethink,anotableenhancementofthatenvironment. Garlanexplainssomeofwhatwasinhermindasshebegantocreatethenewdesign: “Isawthisasanopportunitytobringthelookclosertomatchingtheeleganceandpowerofthe writingwhichthemagazineisknownfor.Theoveralldesignhastobeabletoencompassagreatd iversityofstylesandsubjects– urgentpiecesofreporting,seriousessays,lighterpieces,lifestyle-orientedpieces,sh ortstories,poetry.Wedon'twantlighterpiecestoseemtooheavy,andwedon'twantheavierp iecestoseemtoopetty.Wealsouseabroadrangeofartandphotography,andthedesignhastowo rkwellwiththat,too.Atthesametime , themagazineneedstohaveaconsistentfeel,needstounderscorethesensethateverythi nginitispartofoneAtlanticWorld. TheprimarytypefacesGarlanchoseforthistaskareTimesRoman,foramorereadablebodytype, andBauerBodoni,foramorestylishandflexibledisplaytype(articletitles,largeinitial s,andsoon).Otheraspectsofthenewdesignarestructural.Thearticlesinthefrontofthema gazine,whichonceflowedintooneanother,nowstandontheirown,togainprominence.TheTra

variationinthetypefaces reorganizationofarticlesinthefront creationofthetravelcolumn reinstatementofitsformername velcolumn,nowfeaturedineveryissue,hasbeenmovedfromthebacktothefront.Asnotedinth isspacelastmonth,theword“Monthly”rejoins“TheAtlantic” onthecover,afteradecadelongabsence. JudyGarlancametotheAtlanticin1981afterhavingservedastheartdirectorofseveralothe rmagazines.DuringhertenurehereTheAtlantichaswonmorethan300awardsforvisualexcell ence,fromtheSocietyofillustrators,theAmericanInstituteofGraphicArts,theArtDirec torsClub,CommunicationArts,andelsewhere.Garlanwasinvariouswaysassistedintherede signbytheentireart-departmentstaff:RobinGilmore,Barnes,BetsyUrrico,GillianKahn, andIsaManning. TheartistNicholasGaetanocontributedaswell:heredrewourcolophon(thefigureofNeptun ethatappearsonthecontentspage)andcreatedthesymbolsthatwillappearregularlyonthis page(arenditionofourbuilding),onthePuzzlerpage,abovetheopeningofletters,andonth emasthead.Gaetano,whoseworkmanagestocombinestylishclarityandbreezystrength,isth ecoverartistforthisissue. 16. PartofthenewdesignistobeconcernedwiththefollowingEXCEPT________. A. B. C. D. 17. Accordingtothepassage,thenewdesignworkinvolves________. A. B. C. D. 18. Thisarticleaimsto________. A. B. C.persuadethereadertosubscribetothemagazine D.informthereaderofitsnewdesignandfeatures TEXTB WHYSHOULDanyonebuythelatestvolumeintheever-expandingDictionaryofNationalBiograp hy?Idonotmeanthatitisbad,asthereviewerswillagree. Butitwillcostyou65pounds.Andhaveyougottherestofvolumes?Youneedthebasic22plusthe largelydecennialsupplementstobringthetotalto31.Ofcourse,itwillbeanswered,public andacademiclibrarieswillwantthenewvolume.Afterall,itadds1,068livesofpeoplewhoes capedthenetoftheoriginalcompilers.Yetin10year'stimearevisedversionofthewholecab oodle,calledtheNewDictionaryofNationalBiography,willbepublished.Itseditor,Proes sorColinMatthew,tellsmethathewillhaveroomforabout50,000lives,some13,000morethan inthecurrentDNB.Thisratherputsthe1,068inMissingPersonsintheshade. WhenDr.NichollswrotetoTheSpectatorin1989askingfornameofpeoplewhomreadershadlook edupintheDNBandhadbeendisappointednottofind,shesaysthatshereceivedsome100,000su ggestions.(Well,shehadwrittento'otherqualitynewspapers'too.)Assoonashercommitte ehadwhittledthenumbersdown,theprofessionalproblemsofaneditorbegan.Contributorsd idn'tfilecopyontime;somewhodidsenttoomuch:50,000wordsinsteadof500isarecord,acco otherartistsaswell otherwritersaswell onlythecoverartist onlytheartdirector emphasizetheimportanceofamagazine'sdesign introducethemagazine'sartdirector

rdingtoDr.Nicholls. Thereremainsthedinner-partygameofwho'sin,who'sout.Thatisagamethatthereviewersha veplayedandwillcontinuetoplay.Criminalsweremyinitialworry.Afterall,theoriginale ditionoftheDNBboasted:Malefactorswhosecrimesexciteapermanentinteresthavereceive dhardlylessattentionthanbenefactors.Mr.JohnGrossclearlyhadsimilaranxieties,forh ecomplainsthat,whilethemurdererChristieisin,Crippenisout.Onemightsayinreplythat theinjusticeofthehangingofEvansinsteadofChristiewasaforceintherepealofcapitalpu nishmentinBritain,asLudovieKennedy(theauthorofChristiesentryinMissingPersons)no tes.ButthenCrippenwasreputedasthefirstmurderertobecaughtbytelegraphy(hehadtried toescapebyshiptoAmerica). ItissurprisingtofindMaxMillerexcludedwhenreallynotverymemorablenamesgetin.There hasbeenaconsciousefforttoputinartistsandarchitectsfromtheMiddleAges.Abouttheirl ivesnotmuchisalwaysknown. OfHugoofBuryStEdmunds,a12th-centuryilluminatorwhosedatesofbirthanddeatharenotre corded,hisbiographercomments: ‘WhetherornotHugowasawall-painter,therecordsofhisactivitiesascarverandmanuscri ptpainterattesttohisversatility'.Thentherehadtobemorewomen,too(12percent,agains ttheoriginalDBN's3),suchasRoyStrong'ssubject,theTudorpainterLevinaTeerlinc,ofwh omheremarks: ‘Hermostcharacteristicfeatureisaheadattachedtoatoosmall,spindlybody.Hertechniq ueremainedawkward,thinandoftencursory'.Doesn'tseemtoqualifyherasamemorableartis t.YetitmaybebetterthantherecordoftheoriginalDNB,whichincludedlivesofpeoplewhone verexisted(suchasMerlin)andevenmanagedtogivethankstoJ.W.Clerkeasacontributor,th ough,asalatereditionadmitsinashamefacedfootnote, ‘exceptfortheentryintheListofContributorsthereisnotraceofJ.W.Clerke'. 19. Thewritersuggeststhatthereisnosenseinbuyingthelatestvolume________. A. B. C. D. 20.OntheissueofwhoshouldbeincludedintheDNB,thewriterseemstosuggestthat________. theeditorshadclearrolestofollow A. thereweretoomanycriminalsintheentries B. C. theeditorsclearlyfavouredbenefactors D.theeditorswereirrationalintheirchoices 21. CrippenwasabsentfromtheDNB________. A. B. C. D. 22. Theauthorquotedafewentriesinthelastparagraphto________. A. B. C. becauseitisnotworththeprice becauseithasfewerentriesthanbefore unlessonehasallthevolumesinthecollection unlessanexpandedDNBwillcomeoutshortly becauseheescapedtotheU.S becausedeathsentencehadbeenabolished forreasonsnotclarified becauseoftheeditors'mistake illustratesomefeaturesoftheDNB giveemphasistohisargument impressthereaderwithitscontent

highlightthepeopleintheMiddleAges mobility deprivation autonomy awareness complimentary supportive sarcastic bitter D. 23. Throughoutthepassage,thewriter'stonetowardstheDNBwas________. A. B. C. D. TEXTC Medicalconsumerism–likeallsortsofconsumerism,onlymoremenacingly– isdesignedtobeunsatisfying.Theprolongationoflifeandthesearchforperfecthealth(be auty,youth,happiness)areinherentlyself-defeating.Thelawofdiminishingreturnsnece ssarilyapplies.Youcanmakehigherpercentagesofpeoplesurviveintotheireightiesandni neties.But,asanygeriatricwardshows,thatisnotthesameastoconferenduringmobility,a warenessandautonomy.Extendinglifegrowsmedicallyfeasible,butitisoftenalifedepriv edofeverything,andoneexposedtodegradingneglectasresourcesgrowover-stretchedandp oliticsturnmean. Whatanignoramusdestinyformedicineifitsfutureturnedintooneofbestowingmeagerincre mentsofunenjoyedlife!Itwouldmirrorthefateofathletes,inwhichdisproportionateener giesandresources–notleastmedicalones,likeillegalsteroids– arenowinvestedtoshaverecordsbymilliseconds.And,itgoeswithoutsaying,thelogicalex tensionoflongevism–the"abolition"ofdeath– wouldnotbeasolutionbutonlyanexacerbation.Toairthesepredicamentsisnotanti-medica lspleen–achurlishreprisalagainstmedicineforitsvictories– butsimplytofacethegrowingrealityofmedicalpowernotexactlywithoutresponsibilitybu twithdissolvinggoals. Hencemedicine'sfinesthourbecomesthedawnofitsdilemmas.Forcenturies,medicinewasim potentandhenceunproblematic.FromtheGreekstotheGreatWar,itsjobwassimple:tostrugg lewithlethaldiseasesandgrossdisabilities,toensurelivebirths,andtomanagepain.Itp erformedtheseuncontroversialtasksbyandlargewithmeagersuccess.Today,withmissiona ccomplished,medicinestriumphsaredissolvingindisorientation.Medicinehasledtovast lyinflatedexpectations,whichthepublichaseagerlyswallowed.Yetastheseexpectations growunlimited,theybecomeunfulfillable.Thetaskfacingmedicineinthetwenty-firstcen turywillbetoredefineitslimitsevenasitextendsitscapacities. 24. Intheauthor'sopinion,theprolongationoflifeisequalto________. A. B. C. D. 25.Inthesecondparagraphacomparisonisdrawnbetween________. A.medicineandlife B.resourcesandenergies C.predicamentsandsolutions D.athleticsandlongevism TEXTD ThebiggestproblemfacingChileasitpromotesitselfasatouristdestinationtobereckoned

with,isthatitisattheendoftheearth.Itistoofarsouthtobeaconvenientstoponthewaytoa nywhereelseandismuchfartherthanarelativelycheaphalf-day'sflightawayfromthebigto uristmarkets,unlikeMexico,forexample.Chile,therefore,ishavingtofighthardtoattra cttourists,toconvincetravellersthatitisworthcominghalfwayroundtheworldtovisit.B utitissucceeding,notonlyinexistingmarketsliketheUSAandWesternEuropebutinnewterr itories,inparticulartheFarEast.Marketsclosertohome,however,arenotbeingforgotten. Morethan50%ofvisitorstoChilestillcomefromitsnearestneighbour,Argentina,wherethe costoflivingismuchhigher. LikeallSouthAmericancountries,Chileseestourismasavaluableearnerofforeigncurrenc y,althoughithasbeenfarmoreseriousthanmostinpromotingitsimageabroad.Relativelyst ablepoliticallywithintheregion,ithasbenefitedfromtheproblemssufferedinotherarea s.InPeru,guerrillawarfareinrecentyearshasdealtaheavyblowtothetouristindustryand fearofstreetcrimeinBrazilhasreducedtheattractionofRiodeJaneiroasadreamdestinati onforforeigners. Morethan150,000peoplearedirectlyinvolvedinChile'stouristsector,an industrywhichearnsthecountrymorethanUS$950millioneachyear.Thestate-runNationalT ourismService,inpartnershipwithanumberofprivatecompanies,iscurrentlyrunningawor ldwidecampaign,takingpartintradefairsandinternationaleventstoattractvisitorstoC hile. Chile'sgreatstrengthasatouristdestinationisitsgeographicaldiversity.Fromtheparc hedAtacamaDesertinthenorthtotheAntarcticsnowfieldsofthesouth,itismorethan5,000k mlong.WiththePacificononesideandtheAndeanmountainsontheother,Chileboastsnatural attractions.ItsbeachesarenotuptoCaribbeanstandardsbutresortssuchasVinadelMarare generallycleanandunspoiltandhaveahighstandardofservices. ButthetrompcardistheAndesmountainrange.Thereareanumberofexcellentskiresortswith inonehour'sdriveofthecapital,Santiago,andthenationalparksinthesoutharehometorar eanimalandplantspecies.Theparksalreadyattractspecialistvisitors,includingmounta ineers,whocometoclimbthetechnicallydifficultpeaks,andfishermen,luredbythesalmon andtroutintheregion'srivers.However,infrastructuraldevelopmentintheseareasislim ited.TheskiresortsdonothaveasmanyliftsandpistesastheirEuropeancounterpartsandth epoorqualityofroadsinthesouthmeansthatonlythemostdeterminedtravelersseethebesto fthenationalparks. AirlinksbetweenChileandtherestoftheworldare,atpresent,relativelypoor.WhileChile 'stwolargestairlineshaveextensivenetworkswithinSouthAmerica,theyoperateonlyasma llnumberofroutestotheUnitedStatesandEurope,whileservicestoAsiaarealmostnon-exis tent. Internaltransportlinksarebeingimprovedandluxuryhotelsarebeingbuiltinoneofitsnat ionalparks.NorisdevelopmentbeingrestrictedtotheAndes.EasterIslandandChile'sAnta rcticTerritoryaxealsoonthelistofareaswheretheGovernmentbelievesitcancreatetouri stmarkets. Buttherushtoopenhithertoinaccessibleareastomasstourismisnotbeingwelcomedbyevery one.Indigenousandenvironmentalgroups,includingGreenpeace,saythatmanypartsoftheA ndeswillsufferiftheybecomeover-developed. ThereisagenuinefearthatareasofChilewillsuffertheculturaldestructionwitnessedinM

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