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2013年黑龙江龙东地区中考化学真题及答案.doc
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
2013 年黑龙江龙东地区中考化学真题及答案
一、选择题（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分,每小题只有一个正确选项，请将正确选
项的序号填入括号内）
1．（2 分）下列图中属于物理变化的是（
）
A．
B．
C．
D．
烧制陶瓷
用炸药拆除楼房
火箭升空
干冰升华
考点：化学变化和物理变化的判别．
专题：物质的变化与性质．
分析：化学变化是指有新物质生成的变化．物理变化是指没有新物质生成的变化．化学变化
和物理变化的本质区别是否有新物质生成．
解答：解：A、烧制陶瓷过程中有新物质生成，属于化学变化．
B、用炸药拆除楼房过程中有二氧化碳等物质生成，属于化学变化；
C、火箭升空过程中有新物质水生成，属于化学变化；
D、干冰升华过程中只是物质的状态发生改变，没有新物质生成，属于物理变化；
故选 D．
点评：解答本题要分析变化过程中是否有新物质生成，如果没有新物质生成就属于物理变
化．
2．（2 分）下列物质属于纯净物的是（
）
A．空气
B．海水
C．二氧化碳
D．石灰石
考点：纯净物和混合物的判别．
专题：物质的分类．
分析：纯净物是由一种物质组成的物质，混合物是由多种物质组成的物质．
解答：解：A、空气中含有氮气、氧气、稀有气体等物质，属于混合物．
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
B、海水中含有水、氯化钠、氯化镁等物质，属于混合物．
C、二氧化碳是由一种物质﹣﹣二氧化碳组成的，属于纯净物．
D、石灰石的主要成分是碳酸钙，还含有一些其他物质，属于混合物．
故选：C．
点评：解答本题要分析物质是由几种物质组成的，如果只有一种物质组成就属于纯净物．
3．（2 分）下列实验操作正确的是（
）
A．
B．
C．
D．
考点：实验操作注意事项的探究．
专题：实验操作型．
分析：A、用滴管滴加液体时，滴管不可伸入试管内；
B、取用液体要注意：瓶口、标签的位置，瓶塞的放置；
C、取用固体药品要遵循“一横、二放、三慢竖”的原则；
D、加热试管内的液体要注意试管内液体的量和试管的倾斜度等．
解答：解：A、用滴管滴加液体时，滴管不可伸入试管内，防止滴管污染药品，故 A 操作错
误；
B、取用液体药品时，①瓶口与试管口要紧挨，防止药品流出，②试剂瓶上的标签要
朝向手心，防止药品腐蚀标签，③瓶塞要倒放在桌面上，防止污染药品，故 B 操作正
确；
C、取用固体药品时，首先把试管横放，再镊子夹住药品轻轻放入试管中，最后将试
管慢慢竖起，故图示操作错误；
D、加热试管内的液体时，试管内液体的体积不可超过试管容积的，试管与桌面成 45°
角，图中试管内的溶液过多，故 D 操作错误．
故选 B
点评：以实验为基础的学科，需要同学们掌握正确的实验操作方法，这是保证实验成功的基
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
础，同时此类考题也是中考中的常见题型．
4．（2 分）下列实验现象描述正确的是（
）
A．铁丝在空气中剧烈燃烧，火星四射
B．木炭在氧气中燃烧生成二氧化碳
C．硫在氧气中燃烧产生明亮的蓝紫色火焰
D．红磷在氧气中燃烧产生大量的白色烟雾
考点：氧气与碳、磷、硫、铁等物质的反应现象．
专题：实验现象的观察和记录．
分析：A、根据铁丝在空气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断．
B、根据木炭在氧气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断．
C、根据硫在氧气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断．
D、根据红磷在氧气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断．
解答：解：A、铁丝在空气中只能烧至发红，不会剧烈燃烧，产生火星，故选项说法错误．
B、木炭在氧气中燃烧生成二氧化碳，是实验结论而不是实验现象，故选项说法错误．
C、硫在氧气中燃烧，发出明亮的蓝紫色火焰，故选项说法正确．
D、红磷在氧气中燃烧，产生大量的白烟，而不是白色烟雾，故选项说法错误．
故选 C．
点评：本题难度不大，掌握常见物质燃烧的现象即可正确解答；在描述物质燃烧的现象时，
需要注意光和火焰、烟和雾、实验结论和实验现象的区别．
5．（2 分）下列各组中的物质化学式与俗名、名称均一致的是（
）
A．CaO、滑石粉、氧化钙
B．NaOH、纯碱、氢氧化钠
C．Na2CO3、苏打、碳酸钠
D．CH3OH、酒精、乙醇
考点：化学式的书写及意义．
专题：化学用语和质量守恒定律．
分析：根据常见化学物质的名称、俗称、化学式进行分析判断即可．
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
解答：解：A、氧化钙的俗称是生石灰，其化学式为：CaO，其化学式与俗名、名称不一致．
B、氢氧化钠俗称火碱、烧碱、苛性钠，其化学式为：NaOH，纯碱是碳酸钠的俗称，
其化学式与俗名、名称不一致．
C、碳酸钠俗称纯碱或苏打，其化学式为：Na2CO3，其化学式与俗名、名称均一致．
D、酒精是乙醇的俗称，其化学式为：C2H5OH，CH3OH 是甲醇的化学式，其化学式与俗
名、名称不一致．
故选 C．
点评：本题难度不大，熟练掌握常见化学物质的名称、俗称、化学式是正确解答此类题的关
键．
6．（2 分）下列化肥中属于复合肥料的是（
）
A．CO（NH2）2
B．KCl
C．KNO3
D．Ca（H2PO4）2
考点：常见化肥的种类和作用．
专题：常见的盐 化学肥料．
分析：含有氮元素的肥料称为氮肥．含有磷元素的肥料称为磷肥．含有钾元素的肥料称为钾
肥，同时含有氮、磷、钾三种元素中的两种或两种以上的肥料称为复合肥．
解答：解：A、尿素中含有氮元素，属于氮肥；
B、氯化钾中含有钾元素，属于钾肥；
C、硝酸钾中含有钾元素、氮元素，属于复合肥；
D、磷酸二氢钙中含有磷元素，属于磷肥．
故选：C．
点评：氮磷钾这三种元素中只含有氮元素的是氮肥．只含有钾元素的是钾肥，只含有磷元素
的是磷肥．含有两种或两种以上元素的化肥是复合肥．
7．（2 分）低碳生活和低碳技术的基本理念是节能减排，下列做法不符合低碳理念的是（
）
A．随手关灯
C．焚烧大量秸秆
B．双面使用纸张
D．减少化石燃料的燃烧
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
考点：自然界中的碳循环．
专题：化学与环境保护．
分析：低碳生活和低碳技术的基本理念是节能减排，“低碳”指的是生产、生活作息时所耗
用的能量要尽量减少，特别是减少二氧化碳的排放量，减缓生态恶化；可以从节电、
节能和回收等环节来改变生产、生活细节，据此进行分析判断即可．
解答：解：A、随手关灯，能节约电能，减少二氧化碳的排放，故选项符合“低碳”理念．
B、双面使用纸张，能节约造纸所用的木材，减少树木的砍伐，增强二氧化碳的消耗，
故选项符合“低碳”理念．
C、焚烧大量秸秆，能产生大量的二氧化碳、空气的污染物，故选项不符合“低碳”
理念．
D、减少化石燃料的燃烧，减少二氧化碳的排放，故选项符合“低碳”理念．
故选 C．
点评：低碳理念已成为人们的共识，节能减排的措施和观念是化学考查的热点，要用低碳理
念指导自己的活动，把节能减排的措施运用到生产、生活中去．
8．（2 分）从微观角度分析，训练有素的缉毒犬可以嗅出藏匿的毒品的原因是（
）
A．分子间有间隔
C．分子的体积很小
B．分子在不断运动
D．分子在化学变化中可以再分
考点：利用分子与原子的性质分析和解决问题．
专题：物质的微观构成与物质的宏观组成．
分析：根据分子的基本特征：分子质量和体积都很小；分子之间有间隔；分子是在不断运动
的；同种物质的分子性质相同，不同物质的分子性质不同，结合事实进行分析判断即
可．
解答：解：训练有素的缉毒犬可以嗅出毒品藏匿处的原因，是因为毒品中含有的分子是在不
断运动的，向四周扩散，使训练有素的缉毒犬闻到毒品的气味．与分子的大小、分子
的间隔，分子能否再分无关．所以，B 正确，A、C、D 错误．
故选 B．
点评：本题难度不大，掌握分子的基本性质及利用分子的基本性质分析和解决问题的方法是
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
解答此类题的关键．
9．（2 分）化学与生活密切相关，下列食物中主要为人体提供蛋白质的是（
）
A．
B．
C．
D．
鱼
黄瓜
香蕉
白菜
考点：食品、药品与健康食品中的有机营养素．
专题：化学与生活健康．
分析：根据人体所需六大营养素的种类、食物来源，结合题中所给的食物判断所含的营养素，
进行分析判断．
解答：解：A、鱼中富含蛋白质，故选项正确．
B、黄瓜中富含维生素，故选项错误．
C、白菜中富含维生素，故选项错误．
D、香蕉中富含维生素，故选项错误．
故选 A．
点评：本题难度不大，掌握各种营养素的生理功能、食物来源等是正确解答此类题的关键．
10．（2 分）有机合成材料的出现是材料史上的重大突破，下列物质属于有机合成材料的是
（
）
A．羊毛
B．棉花
C．塑料
D．天然橡胶
考点：合成材料的使用及其对人和环境的影响．
专题：化学与生活．
分析：有机合成材料简称合成材料，要判断是否属于合成材料，可抓住三个特征：有机物、
合成、高分子化合物，据此常见材料的分类进行分析判断．
解答：解：有机合成材料必须具备三个特征：人工合成、有机物、高分子．
A、羊毛属于天然有机高分子材料，故选项错误．
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
B、棉花属于天然有机高分子材料，故选项错误．
C、塑料属于三大合成材料之一，故选项正确．
D、天然橡胶属于天然有机高分子材料，故选项错误．
故选 C．
点评：本题难度不大，掌握合成材料的三大特征（有机物、合成、高分子化合物）、分类是
正确解答此类题的关键所在．
11．（2 分）下列结构示意图中的粒子，化学性质相似的是（
）
A．（1）（2）
B．（2）（3）
C．（3）（4）
D．（2）（4）
考点：核外电子在化学反应中的作用．
专题：化学用语和质量守恒定律．
分析：根据元素的化学性质跟它的原子的最外层电子数目关系非常密切，最外层电子数相同
的元素化学性质相似，据此进行分析判断．
解答：解：元素的化学性质与原子的最外层电子数关系密切，故决定元素化学性质的是最外
层电子数，最外层电子数相同的元素化学性质相似．
A、（1）中元素原子的最外层电子数为 2，（2）元素的原子最外层电子数也为 2，但它
们化学性质不相似；（1）中原子的最外层电子数为 2，但其核外只有一个电子层，属
于稀有气体元素的原子，化学性质稳定，故与（2）中元素的化学性质不相似．故选
项错误．
B、（2）（3）的最外层电子数不同，化学性质不相似，故选项错误．
C、由结构示意图中的粒子可知，（3）（4）的最外层电子数均为 1，则（3）（4）的化
学性质相似，故选项正确．
D、（2）（4）的最外层电子数不同，化学性质不相似，故选项错误．
故选 C．
the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water,electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct "Government credit + business credit" credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create "policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land" as the goal, to optimize
the area under development environment. Alladministrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the ...
primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further
Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central "eight rules" and opposing "the four winds" and practicing "three Suns", and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first,adherence to the party's political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the party's political disciplines.
Conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the party's political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units,
点评：本题难度不大，掌握核外电子在化学变化中的作用、元素的化学性质与它的原子的最
外层电子数目的关系是正确解答此类题的关键．
12．（2 分）钛和钛合金被认为是 21 世纪的重要金属材料．它们具有很多优良性能，在元素
周期表中钛元素某些信息如图所示．下列有关钛元素说法正确的是（
）
A．原子核内质子数为 22
B．相对原子质量为 47.87 克
C．属于非金属元素
D．中子数为 22
考点：元素周期表的特点及其应用．
专题：化学用语和质量守恒定律．
分析：根据图中元素周期表可以获得的信息：原子序数、相对原子质量、元素符号、元素种
类等，进行分析判断即可．
解答：解：A、根据元素周期表中的一格中获取的信息，该元素的原子序数为 22；根据原子
序数=核电荷数=质子数，则该元素的原子核内质子数为 22，故选项说法正确．
B、根据元素周期表中的一格中获取的信息，可知元素的相对原子质量为 47.87，相对
原子质量单位是“1”，不是“克”，故选项说法错误．
C、根据元素周期表中的一格中获取的信息，该元素的名称是钛，属于金属元素，故
选项说法错误．
D、根据元素周期表中的一格中获取的信息，该元素的原子序数为 22，根据原子序数=
核电荷数=质子数，则该元素的原子核内质子数为 22，而不是中子数为 22，故选项说
法错误．
故选 A．
点评：本题难度不大，考查学生灵活运用元素周期表中元素的信息及辨别元素种类的方法进
行分析解题的能力．
13．（2 分）实验室配制 50 克溶质质量分数为 6%的氯化钠溶液的步骤是（
）
A．计算、称量、量取、溶解
B．称量、量取、计算、溶解
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