2017 年 5 月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案 Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points) Translate the following two passages into Chinese. Passage 1 This agenda is a plan of action for people, the planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace and larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. We are resolved to free the human race from poverty and heal and protect the planet. We are determined to take bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path. The 17 sustainable development goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new global agenda. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and empowerment for all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. The goals will stimulate action over the next 15 years in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet. We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development. Billions of our citizens are denied a life of dignity. There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment is a major concern. Global health threats, frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflicts, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades. Natural resource depletion and the adverse impacts of environmental degradation, including desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development. The survival of many societies and of the biological support systems of the planet are at risk. The Millennium Development Goals identified some 15 years ago provided an important framework for development, and significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, the least developed countries, landlocked developing countries, and small-island developing states. And some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off track, in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to the least developed countries and other countries in special 

situations, in line with relevant support programs. The new agenda builds on the existing Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries. 官方参考译文: 本议程是为人类、地球与繁荣制订的行动计划。它还旨在加强世界和平与自由。我们认识到， 消除一切形式和表现的贫困，包括消除极端贫困，是世界最大的挑战，也是实现可持续发展 必不可少的要求。我们决心让人类摆脱贫困和匮乏，让地球治愈创伤并得到保护。我们决心 大胆采取迫切需要的变革步骤，让世界走上可持续且具有恢复力的道路。我们今天宣布的 17 个可持续发展目标和 169 个具体目标展现了这个新全球议程的规模和雄心。这些目标寻 求巩固发展千年发展目标，完成千年发展目标尚未完成的事业。它们要让所有人享有人权， 实现性别平等，增强所有妇女和女童的权能。它们是整体的，不可分割的，并兼顾了可持续 发展的三个方面：经济、社会和环境。这些目标和具体目标将促使人们在今后 15 年内，在 那些对人类和地球至关重要的领域中采取行动。 我们的会议是在可持续发展面临巨大挑战之际召开的。我们有几十亿公民仍然处于贫困之 中，生活缺少尊严。国家内和国家间的不平等在增加。性别不平等仍然是一个重大挑战。失 业特别是青年失业，是一个令人担忧的重要问题。全球性疾病威胁、越来越频繁和严重的自 然灾害、不断升级的冲突、暴力极端主义、恐怖主义和有关的人道主义危机以及被迫流离失 所，有可能使最近数十年取得的大部分发展进展功亏一篑。自然资源的枯竭和环境退化产生 的不利影响，包括荒漠化、干旱、土地退化、淡水资源缺乏和生物多样性丧失，使人类面临 的各种挑战不断增加和日益严重。气候变化是当今时代的最大挑战之一，它产生的不利影响 削弱了各国实现可持续发展的能力。许多社会和各种维系地球的生物系统的生存受到威胁。 千年发展目标是在近十五年前商定的。这些目标为发展确立了一个重要框架，已经在一些重 要领域中取得了重大进展。但是各国的进展参差不齐，非洲、最不发达国家、内陆发展中国 家和小岛屿发展中国家尤其如此，一些千年发展目标仍未实现，特别是那些涉及孕产妇、新 生儿和儿童健康的目标和涉及生殖健康的目标。我们承诺全面实现所有千年发展目标，包括 尚未实现的目标，特别是根据相关支助方案，重点为最不发达国家和其他特殊处境国家提供 更多援助。新议程巩固发展了千年发展目标，力求完成没有完成的目标，特别是帮助最弱势 群体。 Passage 2 Entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, only half-jokingly, call it the URL strategy. The three letters usually stand for Uniform Resource Locator—the unique address of any file that is accessible via the Internet. But in the world of Internet start-ups, URL has another meaning: Ubiquity first, Revenue Later. This pretty much describes the strategy of most big online social networks, which over the past few years have concentrated on increasing users rather than worrying about profits. That has allowed them to build huge followings, but it has also raised a big question over their ability to make money from the audiences they have put together. The issue is whether the social-networking industry can come up with a successful form of advertising that enables it to succeed in the same way that Google has been able 

to make billions of dollars from the targeted ads that run alongside search results. Without such a formula, runs the argument, social networks such as Facebook will never amount to much. Doubters claim that the networks face two big handicaps. The first is that people log into social-networking sites to hang out with their friends, so they will pay no attention to ads. The second is that because the sites let users generate their own content, they will find it hard to attract advertisers because brands will not want to take the risk of appearing alongside examples of profanity, obscenity or nudity—or all three at once. But the broader outlook for networking sites is more encouraging. One reason is that advertisers are being drawn to the leading sites by their sheer scale. Facebook’s audience is bigger than any TV network that has ever existed on the face of the earth. And the networks can target ads with laser-like precision, thanks to the data they hold on their users’ ages, gender, interests and so forth. Although there are still lingering concerns about brands appearing next to racy content, firms seem more willing to run this risk now that the networks’ advertising proposition has increased. Aside from the advertising-driven business model, some are also making healthy profits from sales of games and virtual goods. The beauty of this business for social networks is that the cost of producing and storing virtual inventory is minimal. Moreover, because these are closed markets, networks can fix prices at levels that generate huge profits. To some, the notion that big money can be made from selling make-believe items may seem bizarre. But the practice replicates physical presents that people give to one another to cement relationships in the real world. 参考译文: 硅谷企业家半开玩笑、半是认真地称其为“URL”策略。通常，这三个字母代表“统一资源 定位地址”，即每个网络文件在互联网上的唯一地址。不过，在互联网初创企业圈子里，这 三个字母别有他意：先圈人，后赚钱。这淋漓尽致地描述了大部分大型在线社交网站的策略。 近几年，这些网站不是集中精力创造利润，而是专注于大量吸引用户。虽然他们通过这种方 式建立了庞大的用户群，但其从用户身上赚钱的能力却饱受质疑。谷歌的定向广告为它赚了 数十亿美元，这些广告出现在谷歌为用户提供的搜索结果旁边。社交网站的问题则是：能否 像谷歌一样，找到一种大获成功的广告模式。有人认为，如果没有成功的广告模式，那么脸 书（Facebook）等社交网站绝不会有多大成就。抱怀疑态度的人认为互联网面临两大障碍。 第一，人们登录社交网站为的是和朋友们玩，所以不会关注广告。第二，用户可以在网站自 主生成内容，而各个品牌不愿冒险与低俗的、淫秽的或裸露的内容同时显示在一个页面，因 此这些网站很难吸引到广告商。 社交网站前景越来越广阔，这更加令人鼓舞。一个原因是，几大社交网站庞大的规模吸引了 广告商。世界上任何一个电视网的用户都没有脸书的用户多。此外，社交网站掌握着用户的 年龄、性别、兴趣等数据，能如激光般精准地定向投放广告，这是吸引广告商的另一个原因。 社交网站的广告业务越来越引人瞩目，广告商尽管依然担心品牌与低俗内容同时呈现，但似 乎比从前更愿意冒这个风险。除了广告导向的商业模式之外，各社交网站还通过出售游戏和 

虚拟产品赚取了可观的利润。这种生意的妙处就在于生产和存储虚拟产品的成本最低。而且， 由于该行业属于闭环市场，各家网络公司可以决定价格，实现丰厚的利润。卖虚拟的东西就 能赚大钱，有些人也许认为这种说法不可思议。但是，在真实的世界中，人们互赠有形礼物 以增进彼此关系，虚拟产品只是复制了这种做法。 Section 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points) Translate the following two passages into English. Passage 1 本公司是全球最大最强的冶金建设运营服务商，拥有 24 万在职员工，资产规模超 7000 亿元， 境外机构、资源项目与承建工程遍布全球 60 多个国家和地区。本公司有着独特的全产业链 竞争优势，公司在全球金属矿业领域率先打通了从资源获取、勘查、设计、施工、运营到流 通、深加工的全产业链，形成了为金属矿产企业提供系统性解决方案和工程建设运营一体化 全生命周期的服务能力。 本公司金属矿产资源储量丰富，在国内外拥有一批世界级优质矿山。在冶金工业建设领域， 公司积累了贯穿各环节的核心技术优势和设计施工能力，承担了中国大中型钢铁企业超过 90%的设计施工任务和全球 60%冶金建设任务，是冶金建设的“国家队”。公司拥有遍布全球 的贸易流通网络，全球采购、全球营销，金属矿产品流通规模稳居国内第一。 参考译文: China Minmetals Corporation (CMC) is China’s largest and highly international metals and minerals corporate group, and also the largest and strongest in metallurgical construction and operation services globally. CMC controls total assets of RMB 1.6 trillion Yuan. CMC’s foreign institutions, resource projects and construction projects are operating in more than 60 countries and regions. Enjoying unique competitive advantage, CMC takes the lead in running a whole industrial chain ranging from resources acquisition, exploration, project design, construction, operation, and circulation to intensive processing, and is able to provide systematic solutions to metals and minerals companies and render services for the whole lifecycle of project construction and operation. With abundant resources and reserves in metals and minerals, CMC owns a series of world-class mines with high quality at home and abroad, belonging to the first-tier companies in the world. With core technology advantage as well as design and construction strength covering all sectors, the Corporation shoulders more than 90% of the design and construction work in China’s large-and-medium sized steel mills and 60% of metallurgical construction projects around the world, regarded as the “national Boasting fully-fledged trade and circulation network globally, the Corporation conducts procurement and marketing internationally and takes the first place in circulation metallurgical construction team” in the industry. 

scale of metals and minerals. Passage 2 我们要积极推进结构性改革尤其是供给侧结构性改革。中国经济发展面临的结构性矛盾，供 给和需求两侧都有，主要在供给侧。我们要用改革的办法推进结构调整，减少无效和低端供 给，扩大有效和中高端供给。这既有利于经济转型，也有利于促进增长。 其中很重要的就是淘汰落后产能，化解过剩产能。重点是抓好钢铁，煤炭等困难行业去产能， 这方面近几年已取得初步成效，原煤，粗钢产量减少，但还要继续加以推动，主要是通过运 用市场化，法治化手段，严格环保、质量、安全等标准。去产能最大的难题是人往哪里去。 企业要采取多种措施使员工转岗不下岗，中央和地方政府都要对职工分流安置给予必要支 持。产能过剩是一个全球性问题，我们主要采取行动去产能，说明中国是负责任的国家。 官方参考译文: We need to advance structural reform, in particular that on the supply side. The structural problems facing the Chinese economy are about both the supply and demand sides, especially the supply side. We need to advance structural adjustment through reform, reduce inefficient and low-end supply, and expand effective and medium- to high-end supply. This is conducive to economic transformation as well as growth. A major task for us is to phase out outdated production capacity and address overcapacity, especially in steel, coal and other sectors that face difficulty in operation. Initial progress has been made in recent years, as is shown in the lowering production of raw coal and crude steel, but our efforts must well continue.We will adopt a market-based and rules-based approach and apply strict standards in environmental protection, quality and safety.The biggest challenge is how to address possible layoffs in this process. Businesses need to take multiple measures to ensure that their employees will get reemployed. Both the central and local governments should provide necessary support to take care of the affected employees. Overcapacity is a global challenge. The fact that we have taken the initiative to cut overcapacity demonstrates that China is indeed a responsible country.