1998 年上海华东师范大学普通心理学考研真题 一、简释下列名词（每小题 3 分，共 30 分） 1、有意后注意 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 2、最小可觉差 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 3、空间知觉 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 4、创造性思维 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 5、理智感 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 6、再造想象 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 7、场独立性 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 8、动机 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 9、性格特质 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 10、谁知技能 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 二、问答题（每小题 10 分，共 70 分） 1、试述人类意识与动物心理的本质区别。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 

2、试述长时记忆中的信息的编码形式。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 3、举例说明了解学生的气质特征对教育工作的意义。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 4、试述能力的个别差异。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 5、试述心理学发展过程中（从 19 世纪末到 20 世纪后期）的主要学派和思潮。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 6、试述华生的行为主义心理学的基本观点。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 7、试述皮亚杰关于儿童发展阶段及其标志这些阶段的行为特征。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________